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Veys} about the complement of curves in the complex projective plane \\(\\mathbb{P}^2 (\\mathbb{C})\\): Let \\(C_i\\), \\(i=1, \\dots,n\\), be distinct irreducible curves in \\(\\mathbb{P}^2 (\\mathbb{C})\\); if the topological Euler characteristic \\(e(\\mathbb{P}^2 (\\mathbb{C}) \\backslash \\bigcup^n_{i=1} C_i)\\geq 0\\), then each \\(C_i\\) is a rational curve. In the first part of the article the authors study a one-parameter family of plane curves. Let \\(f:X\\to S\\) be a proper flat holomorphic mapping from a reduced complex surface \\(X\\) to the unit disc \\(S\\), such that the restriction \\(X\\backslash X_0 \\to S\\backslash \\{0\\}\\) is a topological fibre bundle. By using perversity of the sheaf complex of nearby cycles \\(\\psi_f (\\mathbb{C}_X)[1]\\) and of vanishing cycles \\(\\varphi_f(\\mathbb{C}_X)[1]\\) of \\(\\mathbb{C}_X[2]\\) for \\(f\\), the authors can prove the following inequality between Euler characteristics, which is the main argument to obtain the conjecture.   Proposition: Let \\((X_t)_{t\\in L}\\) be a pencil of plane curves. Suppose that the general member \\(F\\) of this pencil is irreducible. Then \\(e(X_t)\\geq e(F)\\) for all \\(t\\in T\\).    If the conjecture was not verified, we could suppose there exist a minimal counterexample with the following properties:   (1) \\(C_1\\) is not a rational curve.   (2) \\(n\\geq 3\\), and for \\(2\\leq i\\leq n\\) we have \\(e(C^\\circ_i)=1\\), where \\(C^\\circ_i=C_i \\backslash \\bigcup_{j\\neq i}C_i\\).   We can define the pencil of curves of degree \\(d\\) spanned by \\(n_1C_1\\) and \\(n_2C_2\\): \\[ f:X= \\{(x, (\\lambda_1: \\lambda_2)) \\in\\mathbb{P}^2 (\\mathbb{C}) \\times \\mathbb{P}^1(\\mathbb{C})|\\;\\lambda_1 F_1(x)^{n_1} + \\lambda_2F_2(x)^{n_2}=0\\} \\to\\mathbb{P}^1 (\\mathbb{C}) \\]  where \\(F_i\\) is the polynomial of degree \\(d_i\\) defining \\(C_i\\), and lcm\\((d_1,d_2) = d=n_1d_1=n_2d_2\\). The general fiber of the pencil \\(f:X \\to\\mathbb{P}^1(\\mathbb{C})\\) is irreducible. Let \\(g:Y \\to\\mathbb{P}^1 (\\mathbb{C})\\) be a smooth minimal model for \\(f\\), as \\(C_1\\) is not rational, its normalization \\(\\overline C_1\\) occurs as an irreducible component of \\(g^{-1} (0)\\) and \\(H^1(Y_0, \\mathbb{Q})\\neq 0\\). By the proposition and the invariant cycle theorem we deduce \\(H^1(Y,\\mathbb{Q}) \\neq 0\\), and we get a contradiction because \\(Y\\) is birational to \\(X\\), so is 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