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Gromov} and the author in the paper: ``The Riemann-Roch theorem for elliptic operators'', in Adv. Sov. Math. 16, No. 1, 211-241 (1993; Zbl 0802.58051); the case of distributed singularities is described by \\textit{M. Gromov} and the author in `The Riemann-Roch theorem for elliptic operators and solvability of elliptic equations with additional conditions on compact subsets', Preprint ETH Z\u00fcrich (1993); see also Invent. Math. 117, No. 1, 165-180 (1994; Zbl 0822.58046).   This paper is a continuation and extension of these papers where only compact or similar to compact situations were considered. Namely, the present generalization is the \\(L^2\\)-Riemann-Roch theorem on regular coverings of compact manifolds, i.e. manifolds with a free action of a discrete group \\(\\Gamma\\) such that \\(X/\\Gamma\\) is a compact manifold without boundary. Since \\(X\\) is allowed to be non-compact (this is the case when \\(\\Gamma\\) is infinite), some conditions at infinity are needed. They are provided by imposing the condition of finiteness of the \\(L^2\\)-norm (or an appropriate uniform Sobolev norm). Still the corresponding spaces of solutions can be infinite-dimensional but they prove to be finite-dimensional in the von Neumann sense.   This means that they have finite \\(\\Gamma\\)-dimensions. Here, the \\(\\Gamma\\)-dimension is a function with values in \\([0, \\infty]\\) which is defined on so called Hilbert \\(\\Gamma\\)-modules which are just Hilbert spaces with an unitary action of \\(\\Gamma\\) such that they are \\(\\Gamma\\)-invariant subspaces in the Hilbert tensor products \\(L^2\\Gamma\\times {\\mathcal H}\\), where \\(L^2\\Gamma\\) is the Hilbert space of all square-integrable functions on \\(\\Gamma\\) (with respect to the canonical discrete measure) and \\(\\mathcal H\\) is an arbitrary Hilbert space.   Given an elliptic \\(\\Gamma\\)-invariant differential operator \\(A\\) on \\(X\\), the permitted singularities can be situated on a \\(\\Gamma\\)-invariant closed nowhere dense set \\(D^+\\subset X\\) and are described in terms of a given \\(\\Gamma\\)-invariant distribution space \\(L^+\\) such that \\(\\text{supp } f\\subset D^+\\) for all \\(f\\in L^+\\), \\(L^+\\) is a subspace in a uniform negative Sobolev space and \\(\\dim_\\Gamma L^+< \\infty\\) where \\(\\dim_\\Gamma\\) is the von Neumann \\(\\Gamma\\)-dimension. Namely, the permitted singularities are singularities of solutions \\(u\\) of the equation \\(Au= 0\\) defined on \\(X- D^+\\) such that \\(u\\) can be extended to a distribution \\(\\widehat u\\) on \\(X\\) with \\(A\\widehat u\\in L^+\\). Also \\(u\\) should be in \\(L^2\\) in a generalized sense which can be formulated e.g. by saying that the extension \\(\\widehat u\\) is in a uniform negative Sobolev space.   Similarly the required orthogonality conditions say that \\(u\\) should be orthogonal to a \\(\\Gamma\\)-invariant distribution space \\(L^-\\) such that \\(L^-\\) belongs to a uniform negative Sobolev space, \\(\\dim_\\Gamma L^-< \\infty\\) and all elements of \\(L^-\\) are supported in a \\(\\Gamma\\)-invariant closed nowhere dense set \\(D^-\\) such that \\(D^+\\cap D^-= \\emptyset\\). All these data are encoded into a notion of a rigged divisor which is a tuple \\(\\mu= (D^+, L^+; D^-, L^-)\\). Denote the corresponding space of solutions with permitted singularities and required orthogonality conditions by \\(L(\\mu, A)\\); denote also \\(r(\\mu, A)= \\dim_\\Gamma L(\\mu, A)\\).   The symmetry of the description of singularities and orthogonality conditions allows us to interchange the pairs \\((D^+, L^+)\\) and \\((D^-, L^-)\\) to form the inverse divisor \\(\\mu^{- 1}= (D^-, L^-; D^+, L^+)\\) which is naturally associated with the adjoint operator \\(A^*\\).   The main result of this paper is the following Riemann-Roch type formula:  \\[ r(\\mu, A)= \\text{ind}_\\Gamma A+ \\deg_A(\\mu)+ r(\\mu^{- 1}, A^*). \\]  Here \\(\\text{ind}_\\Gamma A= \\dim_\\Gamma\\text{Ker }A- \\dim_\\Gamma\\text{Ker } A^*\\) is the \\(\\Gamma\\)-index of Atiyah, \\(\\deg_A(\\mu)\\) is a number which is expressed in terms of \\(\\Gamma\\)-dimensions \\(\\ell^\\pm= \\dim_\\Gamma L^\\pm\\) and \\(\\Gamma\\)-dimensions \\(\\widetilde\\ell^\\pm= \\dim_\\Gamma \\widetilde L^\\pm\\) of ``secondary spaces'' \\(\\widetilde L^\\pm\\) as follows  \\[ \\deg_A(\\mu)= (\\ell^+- \\widetilde\\ell^+)- (\\ell^-- \\widetilde\\ell^-); \\]  The spaces \\(\\widetilde L^\\pm\\) are defined as follows  \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\widetilde L^+ & = \\{u\\mid \\text{supp } u\\subset D^+,\\;u\\in W^{- \\infty},\\;Au\\in L^+\\},\\\\ \\widetilde L^- & = \\{v\\mid \\text{supp } v\\subset D^-,\\;v\\in W^{- \\infty},\\;A^* v\\in L^-\\},\\end{aligned} \\]  where \\(W^{- \\infty}= \\bigcup_{s\\in Z} W^s\\), \\(W^s\\) is the uniform Sobolev space on \\(X\\).   Some applications of this formula are given: the existence of non-trivial \\(L^2\\)-solutions of the Dirac equation and similar equations which provide spaces where discrete series of representations of semi-simple Lie groups can be 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