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In the case of \\(G = \\mathbb{Z}^n\\), some homological properties of a \\(G\\)-graded ring are determined by their local data at graded prime ideals. But this is not true anymore for an arbitrary abelian group \\(G\\). The author studies \\(G\\)-graded rings and \\(G\\)- graded modules for an arbitrary abelian group \\(G\\). Section one consists of preliminaries. In section two, among others, the author defines the \\(G\\)-Bass number and establishes a relation between the \\(G\\)-Bass number and the ordinary Bass number in the case where a ring is noetherian. Using this relation, it is shown that if \\(R\\) is a noetherian \\(G\\)-graded ring, the following are equivalent for a \\(G\\)-prime ideal \\({\\mathfrak p}\\):    (1) \\(R_{({\\mathfrak p})}\\) is Cohen-Macaulay (resp. Gorenstein).   (2) \\(R_P\\) is Cohen-Macaulay (resp. Gorenstein) for some \\(P \\in \\text{Ass}_R (R/{\\mathfrak p})\\).   (3) There exists \\(P \\in \\text{Spec} (R)\\) such that \\(P^* = {\\mathfrak p}\\) and \\(R_P\\) is Cohen-Macaulay (resp. Gorenstein). \\((R_{({\\mathfrak p})}\\) is the localization with respect to the multiplicative closed set of all homogeneous elements not in \\({\\mathfrak p}\\). \\(P^*\\) is the largest graded ideal contained in \\(P\\).)   In section three the \\(G\\)-canonical module is defined and studied. -- In the final section a condition for a \\(G\\)-prime ideal to be really a prime ideal is 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