{"entities":{"Q1904547":{"pageid":1915289,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1904547","lastrevid":43410809,"modified":"2025-07-25T14:07:54Z","type":"item","id":"Q1904547","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Random-cluster measures and uniform spanning trees"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 828754"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$D2691BD0-1BC7-40A8-82E0-0FC402866F79","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"1481f4375a65754b3282ea3cc5595bb4432370d0","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Random-cluster measures and uniform spanning trees","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$2C3E6E2B-50A7-4062-B0EB-AB5B7C7C2DC8","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"6b5773acfbf2df5fe4aefc91ebf4ffbc435a9a00","datavalue":{"value":"0840.60089","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$C70CE627-C22A-40D9-8015-3D001765E1DB","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"5aca6f9b80a77927a942ffe2552a5e086e0a0bec","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0304-4149(95)00042-6","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$C6186ED8-9486-446D-B4AE-B5B6579D4CB0","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"567a6c967110f1b2db8ea9d708434d0fdeb7552a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":215751,"id":"Q215751"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$D44CB6C1-4A66-43F8-A798-D6759CFB1CF8","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"0a7f38bff7197b9d5228d1d2cd340d5028d13b61","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":61365,"id":"Q61365"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$5F77CD92-2FB0-4634-8B76-D5B13692094F","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7a9ac108536f3c309e9b3d5701fd44ae212270d9","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1996-06-18T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$565EADD7-024D-4DFD-9CAF-727BCCA12C17","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"9a92bc1d3d7e3f9733be6921027c0c87bc3e22f6","datavalue":{"value":"\\textit{C. M. Fortuin} and \\textit{P. W. Kasteleyn} [Phys. 57, 536-564 (1972)] introduced the random cluster model which is a two-parameter family of processes on the integer lattice \\(Z^d\\), including independent bond percolation and Potts models. In the present paper it is shown that the random-cluster model in a certain sense also includes the uniform spanning tree measure which was introduced by \\textit{R. Pemantle} [Ann. Probab. 19, No. 4, 1559-1574 (1991; Zbl 0758.60010)]. Consider a fixed undirected graph \\(G\\) with finite vertex set \\(V\\) and edge set \\(E\\). Any subgraph of \\(G\\) is then uniquely determined by its edge set which can be identified with an element of \\(\\{0,1\\}^E\\). Now let \\(0 \\leq p \\leq 1\\) and \\(q > 0\\) be two parameters. The random cluster measure \\(\\mu^{p, q}_G\\) is a probability measure on the power set of \\(\\{0,1\\}^E\\) assigning any subgraph \\(\\eta\\) of \\(G\\) the probability \\(\\mu_G^{p,q} (\\eta)\\) proportional to \\(\\{\\prod_{e \\in E} (p^{\\eta (e)} (1 - p)^{1 - \\eta (e)})\\} q^{k (\\eta)}\\), \\(k (\\eta)\\) denoting the number of connected components of \\(\\eta\\). The author shows that if \\(p \\to 0\\), \\(q \\to 0\\) such that \\(q/p \\to 0\\), then \\(\\mu^{p,q}_G\\) converges weakly to the uniform spanning tree measure \\(\\mu^U_G\\) concentrated on the power set of spanning trees for \\(G\\). Finally it is shown that an analogous result holds for the graph \\(Z^d\\), the edges being the pairs of nearest neighbours.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$F37CC3D2-ADD9-44D5-9D29-98B85A83BDE0","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7fdc23c20020356aaedd36d12d09aa94bd3b098e","datavalue":{"value":"60K35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$E5978685-3877-4C03-9ECC-16BB9D81EE13","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"768e88eb8fd57b1b3642f57f6febfb158cf49c8d","datavalue":{"value":"60B10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$3BE73013-45A9-400A-97F3-6A9C50DDB989","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4b7275e0d4b526075acce84a242d8537e929bb2d","datavalue":{"value":"60C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$3B320AE8-4FED-4863-A1E4-4E7AAE5A7E0C","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"36d5fa500a7e8493c9717e943bb4987a558c8e05","datavalue":{"value":"828754","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$D18BD0DD-80B9-4731-B9A7-409FA51ECE19","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2b8240c1acafcd9b0652fee51046c7ca3376d4a5","datavalue":{"value":"bond percolation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$549F227D-14FF-4E36-8EFE-5B2E83B2A5A0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4424bd1071e318bd4e9314463a569b55d159fc38","datavalue":{"value":"Potts models","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$1A76F326-A9C4-460E-AC42-8DE97FEC968F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2299b394123d61bc5179bfc6caf83da19b2b5b6a","datavalue":{"value":"random cluster measure","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$C2AC9FC3-1E58-4B51-93C0-B34C00BEA1E6","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"bccf737338fb4df11281b54a4bafbc562a37369c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":587654,"id":"Q587654"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$0832BAAF-4E90-4242-B468-FB00DA108D5E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$0A3D09B6-5766-4E26-BE68-A55335184784","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"31ad7280e42fcb29ef413165978087c28533e3f3","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4149(95)00042-6","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$C565816F-ABB0-4573-94D8-087A9244BC22","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"beb8b54e74776658a8a26fbdf8b30559bb335682","datavalue":{"value":"W2065648252","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$4F215D75-725F-4C24-B369-7FACBD18981F","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8bbb4ab2d1db6f1d47dac47c514e47627252e4d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1963618,"id":"Q1963618"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$30584C55-6491-46CD-BF08-00D12322CD53","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d5509e4da531b350db254b0588f6c8e78ebd8547","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3204479,"id":"Q3204479"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$245A218B-FF15-4D3B-9DCD-45B16CEDD059","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"133430d27b7f90e1ce01177240aa9923a4eac684","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1113557,"id":"Q1113557"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$4FFB8811-D362-4FB1-BA58-3D88160F7F29","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"514af7ad2cbf37edd6c48f4bbdd36257284c73d7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":688045,"id":"Q688045"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$F50C12F6-9805-4DEE-8894-3B3ECDBD073E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7aa251e2c0514d3817d0e43c036a18d83a8e4272","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3706275,"id":"Q3706275"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$8E358FF6-26B7-4F4F-AC87-6E2ACFC4C1B3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cef879ea55c07611c6803076f9eb6f58a7e87b63","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1210777,"id":"Q1210777"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$D098C74C-F2FD-4D24-AD56-F0A3A6F8DE83","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"04570579ee188e39f0514b26760a7b6f53bb8cf4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4693063,"id":"Q4693063"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$876F80AB-67F0-48B9-B73A-2F2D8DD29B67","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"55b94bbacf56a94a21994ea73e85a3d761f67162","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4895131,"id":"Q4895131"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$0B0CBDCA-D148-4D9F-85E5-A69AFAC82A5B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"92507463986431b713202350a69f037dd9c21347","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1593203,"id":"Q1593203"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$4E1E50FC-C5BE-4127-937A-609628FF0616","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f98c80a5304c780d313f05cb0d80dcc6a03a97a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1180570,"id":"Q1180570"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1904547$7C26542D-F95D-432D-8C09-F18BAEB5388E","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cdb3b97c9e5c2a75145d7b8d078036e75c156488","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1908546,"id":"Q1908546"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f26ef8863b48210a86c143e6bcca53827527b7aa","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8780625","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1904547$AB87AF6B-B594-4780-AA08-4EB50CB360B6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5a302b6b5780882321c3d49b5da51428e5255ced","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1917190,"id":"Q1917190"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c682b1eebd56faee543cd2d866b303cd16139399","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.81692386","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1904547$24CB29BF-D94A-4D81-919E-08BEF2C23EFB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ba767beb264a08cc49512ba5b8b8a7dc973d326c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4379727,"id":"Q4379727"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d3a348cc1cacf54e8e184749ba325e9a966e39fb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.81688106","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1904547$9E06E524-83E4-4920-80C9-7BE5E831E346","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"36a8c628a07c3f7cd5bc98c9b7459c1b217693ae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1775506,"id":"Q1775506"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"60e49877a11a5b5db7cfc32d44fe1a0cb77081ea","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8122052","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1904547$A48D66CA-878B-4466-9FFD-605C7CC67F1E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"69d8fc1230cbcb5c7fe559e0249bbd0a1af95cda","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1180570,"id":"Q1180570"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e4bdeb476b596b08162041aed8d5e7071c9f7c7c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.807961","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1904547$6F75E500-829B-4494-A6D7-854AD33D88E6","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1904547","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1904547"}}}}}