{"entities":{"Q1908845":{"pageid":1919587,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1908845","lastrevid":69432087,"modified":"2026-04-13T06:57:50Z","type":"item","id":"Q1908845","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A study of bounds on limit cycles in digital filters"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 851944"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$D69401F3-BF3E-424E-A71E-6A404784E2B3","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"556ed52291ff2884174a2dc2e751765bb33a6792","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A study of bounds on limit cycles in digital filters","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$A7E11AA9-CDFF-4173-B788-FC9D3569E88F","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"5369d0f3d6927d8f13d97d109f317b65dd9788f2","datavalue":{"value":"0842.93048","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$823927F9-6526-4915-8918-DC5E49FC75A7","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"e6d697f38e05ad5c9bf3658bee98d5e394df0dac","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01204681","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$2D7A6837-A0C3-4A3B-86FA-C5FE5B00FD8A","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"232b801b7728d7c3eece68241901855edd89448c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1908844,"id":"Q1908844"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$845005EF-30FC-4157-88DB-63CDC77B99CE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"422676b0eac2785a952599c17d5e394b377b984a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":163033,"id":"Q163033"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$D53C0D17-C82C-4FD3-9AA3-A111E04FBA75","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"25364cb6f58b827e4119f8c3b4fe4fd58b63c477","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":163034,"id":"Q163034"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$5088F4D7-932E-4190-9572-E896D291438A","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"78f2d89aaa6689d46b8ddfedeafdd09f7ff2342d","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1996-03-07T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$9A96970B-37B6-4FB6-A011-E9406BEA6189","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"fe7b2c41cf606c5e96776ea5e7f3319752301928","datavalue":{"value":"Due to quantization errors, the state of a realization of a stable linear multivariable digital filter may tend to a limit cycle described by  \\[ x(n)= Ax(n- 1)+ u(n),\\tag{1} \\]  where \\(n\\in \\mathbb{N}\\), \\(x(0)= x_0\\), \\(A\\) is stable, \\(u(n)\\) is T-periodic and is related to the equantization errors (and possibly to constant inputs), \\(x(n)\\) is T-periodic. After using the periodicity condition in (1), bounds for \\(\\max|x(n)|_2\\) using the induced 2-norm or for \\(|x(n)|\\) (for all \\(n\\)) replacing the elements of the matrices or vectors involved by their absolute value, are given.   Taking the discrete Fourier series representation of both sides in (1), allows to find the bound  \\[ |x|_{rms}\\leq \\overset l= {T}{\\underset l= {1}\\max} \\Biggl|\\Biggl(Id- \\exp\\Biggl(- i {2\\pi l\\over T}\\Biggr) A\\Biggr)^{- 1} \\Biggr|_{i2} |u|_{rms}, \\]  where \\(|x|^2_{rms}= {1\\over T} \\sum^{j= T}_{j= 1} x^t(j) x(j)\\). A numerical comparison (when looking at the components of the vectors) in the 2-dimensional case shows that the last bound is the best and it improves previous results.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$8CEA0AF9-0232-4A6F-ACC6-36DED8C9986C","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"a62e509d32b6d0efd1a7482127baec50ae54fc83","datavalue":{"value":"93C62","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$A00491E2-B309-4B35-B5CE-C6EAC3DD2A84","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"83c3a4e2d1e1273bca99c0db82b32bc25ff1102e","datavalue":{"value":"42A16","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$582398D5-FBE5-4972-A6FF-FBD9808A9CE7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4db3fc3244f368e49336c7e23443d11b7d69297d","datavalue":{"value":"94A12","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$F73EDC07-9C6D-41DA-9C05-65D120314038","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"3f036be241f91ed3ae1d28b2bdcc496a354d65b3","datavalue":{"value":"851944","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$872839A2-23B9-4128-A7CF-80CC48E96631","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f6db33d6b2afa59df4fa0ef35d4a5925c0972b03","datavalue":{"value":"periodic","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$163B8E79-2C8C-45B4-84B5-52A24E337603","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c724b26a8ee2b0c6a17ff706eee2ce8c4f5b4e27","datavalue":{"value":"quantization errors","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$3669D167-18E8-41D5-AA3F-253287A84EBB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4a8a008bb72926859d0aa388398f4b8010438409","datavalue":{"value":"linear","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$7ADC7AB1-C6AC-46DE-BF43-3C8D874BBEDF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"17b001bba67b08a39aa9f13ae764bb8713a863cf","datavalue":{"value":"digital filter","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$65067DCC-9337-475D-B70D-72A25333687A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8e721c31974c2701a25617b53e218f31dae190ce","datavalue":{"value":"limit cycle","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$175736D5-76AD-4329-8145-F1613D2ECE2C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2d19572564090aa69b845e4bf943e6bcc3e79895","datavalue":{"value":"discrete Fourier series","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$56F52510-B45B-4CAB-9279-F6AB5F9A0AEF","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"b732ee3afba730092c38c130b41d17148a66cb23","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1586184,"id":"Q1586184"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$F5CBD2E8-6571-4E83-8F07-5A7BD372F198","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1908845$5A502D5D-881F-4C4E-8BCF-11BF3D1575E1","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b28d33298e56f7e44423b143f1394634d0e52c16","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3491443,"id":"Q3491443"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a4ce12474cbf501358c3ce1e3bee650264e75235","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8335210084915161","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1908845$CDFE6F34-CC73-41FD-9081-DD4D732AAFCC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c31a4a284422841c10075ff77e7f7ce885b26137","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1176559,"id":"Q1176559"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9c6cb96481ad9b5346b48248666cd434888969bf","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8129734396934509","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1908845$1358A356-C103-4D8C-B2F5-E3744557F316","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"14fdebd0cfd57a7b2602345be5b3b7222f81de6d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4040951,"id":"Q4040951"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e4e5c8ad7f3328c6da1cd9d53449c13d07a2dfc1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7906205654144287","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1908845$60F9D7D4-A912-43BC-8CDD-62683CEB63DA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8ab0ed943c6e1e15a6398d57120b46f265f4bb00","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4338092,"id":"Q4338092"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"526211823a532872ff8b0099d834c3e567b85ba2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7828344702720642","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1908845$8CC14410-515F-4A53-A5CA-75E6C9E84F38","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"A study of bounds on limit cycles in digital filters","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/A_study_of_bounds_on_limit_cycles_in_digital_filters"}}}}}