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If there exists a mapping \\(M\\times\\Gamma\\times M\\to M\\) (images to be denoted \\(x\\gamma y\\), \\(x,y\\in M\\), \\(\\gamma\\in\\Gamma\\)) satisfying for all \\(x, y, z\\in M\\), \\(\\gamma,\\mu\\in\\Gamma\\): (a) \\(x\\gamma (y\\mu z)=(x\\gamma y)\\mu z\\) (b) \\(x\\gamma (y+z)=x\\gamma y+x\\gamma z\\); \\((x+y)\\gamma z=x\\gamma z+y\\gamma z\\); \\(x (\\gamma+\\mu) y=x\\gamma y+x\\mu y\\) (c) \\(x\\gamma 0=0\\gamma x=x 0' y=0\\) then \\(M\\) is called a \\(\\Gamma\\)-semiring. Numerous examples are given in the paper, and various concepts, analogous to those for semirings are defined. A \\(\\Gamma\\)-semiring \\(M\\) is called regular (resp. strongly regular) if for all \\(a\\in M\\) there exist \\(b_i\\in M\\), \\(\\alpha_i,\\beta_i\\in\\Gamma\\) such that \\(a=\\sum^n_{i =1} a\\alpha_i b_i\\beta_i a\\) (resp. there exist \\(b\\in M\\), \\(\\alpha,\\beta\\in\\Gamma\\) such that \\(a=a\\alpha b\\beta a\\)). The center of \\(M\\) is the set \\(\\{a\\in M\\mid a\\alpha x=x\\alpha a\\;\\forall x\\in M,\\;\\alpha\\in\\Gamma\\}\\). An element \\(a\\) of \\(M\\) is nilpotent if for each \\(x\\in M\\), \\(\\gamma\\in\\Gamma\\), there exists \\(n\\in\\mathbb{N}\\) such that \\((a\\gamma)^n a=0\\). \\(a\\) is idempotent if there exists \\(\\alpha\\in\\Gamma\\) such \\(a=a\\alpha a\\). If \\(M\\) is a \\(\\Gamma\\)-semiring, the set \\(M_{mn}\\) of \\(m\\times n\\) matrices with entries from \\(M\\) is a \\(\\Gamma_{nm}\\)-semiring with the natural operations of matrix addition and multiplication.   The following results are proved: The center \\(B\\) of a strongly regular \\(\\Gamma\\)-semiring is a strongly regular sub \\(\\Gamma\\)-semiring of \\(M\\). Let \\(M\\) be a strongly regular \\(\\Gamma\\)-semiring. If all the idempotent elements of \\(M\\) are in its center, then \\(M\\) has no nonzero nilpotent elements. -- The matrix \\(\\Gamma_{nm}\\)-semiring \\(M_{mn}\\) is regular if and only if \\(M\\) is a regular 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