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Nash, who proposed to study the space \\({\\mathcal H}\\) of arcs in a germ of a singular variety \\((V,P)\\); he showed that the arc families in \\({\\mathcal H}\\) correspond to irreducible components of the exceptional locus of any given desingularization of \\((V,P)\\) and raised the question whether every component which (modulo birational equivalence) appears in every desingularization (such components are called essential) is associated to some family in \\({\\mathcal H}\\).    The paper gives an affirmative answer in the case when \\(V\\) is a surface and the singularity is rational. 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