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The main purpose of this paper is to extend the well-known theorems of Johnson and Utumi concerning the endomorphism rings of self-injective modules and self-projective modules, from End to Hom. The main ingredient in this approach is the concept of Kelly-radical \\(\\text{RAD}(M,N)\\) of \\(M\\) and \\(N\\), which is the set set of all \\(f\\in\\text{Hom}_R(M,N)\\) such that for all \\(g\\in\\text{Hom}_R(N,M)\\) the morphism \\(1_M-gf\\) is invertible in \\(T\\). Clearly, when \\(M=N\\), then \\(\\text{RAD}(M,N)\\) is precisely the Jacobson radical of the ring \\(T\\). For instance, it is proved that if \\(M\\) is self-injective and \\(N\\)-injective, then for any \\(f\\in\\text{Hom}_R(M,N)\\) there exists a \\(g\\in\\text{Hom}_R(N,M)\\) such that \\(fgf-f\\in\\text{RAD}(M,N)\\). As applications, the author investigates when \\(\\text{RAD}(M,N)\\) equals the total \\(\\text{TOT}(M,N)\\) on one hand, and the Jacobson radical of the modules \\(_S\\text{Hom}_R(M,N)\\) and respectively \\(\\text{Hom}_R(M,N)_T\\) on the other hand. In general, \\(\\text{RAD}(M,N)\\) is a subset of \\(\\text{TOT}(M,N)\\), which is the set of all \\(f\\in\\text{Hom}_R(M,N)\\) such that for all \\(g\\in\\text{Hom}_R(N,M)\\), \\((gf)^2=gf\\) implies \\(gf=0\\). For instance, if \\(M\\) is self-injective and \\(N\\)-injective, then 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