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We will study the eigenvalue sum and density, defined by  \\[ \\text{sneg}(H)= \\sum_{E_k\\leq 0} E_k,\\tag{1} \\]   \\[ \\rho(x)= \\sum_{E_k\\leq 0} |\\varphi_k(x)|^2\\qquad (x\\in \\mathbb{R}^3).\\tag{2} \\]  The standard ``semiclassical approximations'' to these quantities are  \\[ \\text{sneg}(H)\\approx- {1\\over 15\\pi^2} \\int_{\\mathbb{R}^3} (- V(x))^{5/2}_+ dx,\\tag{3} \\]  and  \\[ \\rho(x)\\approx {1\\over 6\\pi^{22}} (- V(x))^{3/2}_+.\\tag{4} \\]  Here, \\(t^s_+= t^s\\) if \\(t> 0\\), \\(t^s_+= 0\\) if \\(t\\leq 0\\).   In [Bull. Am. Math. Soc., New Ser. 23, No. 2, 525-530 (1990; Zbl 0722.35072)], we announced the proof of a precise asymptotic formula for the ground-state energy of a non-relativistic atom. To give the proof, one must understand and refine (3) and (4) for a particular radial potential \\(V^Z_{TF}\\), the Thomas-Fermi potential for an atomic number \\(Z\\). In [Adv. Math. 107, No. 1, 1-185 (1994; Zbl 0822.35013)], we reduced the asymptotic formula of [FS1] to the task of proving that  \\[  \\text{sneg}(H)= - {1\\over 15\\pi^2} \\int_{\\mathbb{R}^3} (- V(x))^{5/2}_+ dx+ {Z^2\\over 8}+ {1\\over 48\\pi^2} \\int_{\\mathbb{R}^3} (- V(x))^{1/2}_+ \\Delta V dx+ O(Z^{5/3- \\alpha}),\\tag{5} \\]  and  \\[ \\int_{\\mathbb{R}^3\\times \\mathbb{R}^3} \\int\\Biggl[ \\rho(x)- {1\\over 6\\pi^2} (- V(x))^{3/2}_+\\Biggr]\\times\\Biggl[ \\rho(y)- {1\\over 6\\pi^2} (- V(y))^{3/2}_+\\Biggr] {dx dy\\over |x- y|}= O(Z^{5/3- \\alpha})\\tag{6} \\]  for \\(V^Z_{TF}\\), with \\(\\alpha> 0\\) independent of \\(Z\\). The purpose of this paper is to prove (5) and (6), with \\(a= {1\\over 150}\\), for a class of radial potentials that includes \\(V^Z_{TF}\\). This completes the proof of the results announced in [FS1].   Our proof of (5) and (6) is based on separation of variables. In [Adv. Math. 95, No. 2, 145-305 (1992; Zbl 0797.34083); ibid. 107, No. 2, 187-364 (1994; Zbl 0811.34063); ibid. 108, No. 2, 263-335 (1994; Zbl 0826.34070)], we made a careful study of ordinary differential operators. In [FS2] [ibid. 111, No. 1, 88-161 (1995; Zbl 0826.34071)], we used our ODE results to prove (6) for radial potentials \\(V\\) that satisfy a ``non-resonance condition''. The non-resonance condition is related to the scarcity of periodic orbits of a classical particle in the potential \\(V\\). Here, we again use our results on ODE to show that (5) holds also, provided \\(V\\) satisfies another non-resonance condition, similar to that of [FS2]. Then we will show that the non-resonance conditions hold for a class of radial potentials including \\(V^Z_{TF}\\). Our proof of the non-resonance condition uses elementary number theory, together with an inequality for the Thomas-Fermi potential proved in [Rev. Math. 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