{"entities":{"Q1919581":{"pageid":1930323,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1919581","lastrevid":82141700,"modified":"2026-05-06T20:12:08Z","type":"item","id":"Q1919581","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A refinement of the discrete Wirtinger inequality"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 908599"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$FB7BD165-F10F-43FA-B769-33BC5F2C494E","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"b628ce6ae62b9180d384736e9521dc73450d9ed3","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A refinement of the discrete Wirtinger inequality","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$2649741B-AD71-4461-A57D-9A6DAA37CD6F","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"bd545638fd3e37529bcb88518feda6ddf5eca84f","datavalue":{"value":"0854.26011","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$9C051D87-7F68-498E-BB0F-1FECFE88439A","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"37a066699db98c0356e15d1378fdc8061b6659ab","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":207927,"id":"Q207927"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$4B7AE73F-4415-42C3-8C8C-B690C494D20C","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"c5ad7b9baf8e531c6b1ad954eb5f2899cc8fe5e5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":85344,"id":"Q85344"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$FC2538EC-AADC-44AF-B164-222A6AD70B1E","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"846c3948b65d14340e25df78828d728925bfe86e","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1997-01-19T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$B28CA9AA-0CA8-4CBA-B834-1AA515C2EA74","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"25749293c6d33c6687fcc1a14930fac8c3072621","datavalue":{"value":"In the present paper, the following refinement of Tang's discrete Wirtinger inequality [\\textit{D. Tang}, Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 43, No. 3, 467-474 (1991; Zbl 0751.26006)] is established:   Theorem A. Let \\(f(\\theta)\\) be a positive \\(C^2\\)-function on \\((0,\\ell)\\) such that \\(f'(\\theta) f''(\\theta) \\neq 0\\) and \\(f'(\\theta)^2 - f(\\theta)f''(\\theta) = \\mu\\), for \\(\\theta \\in (0,\\ell)\\), where \\(\\mu\\) is a constant. Then, if \\(f''(\\theta) < 0\\) (or \\(> 0)\\)) on \\((0,\\ell)\\), we have  \\[ \\left( \\sum^n_{i = 1} f(\\theta_i)\\right)^2 - c_n \\sum^n_{i = 1} f(\\theta_i) f'(\\theta_i) \\geq [\\text{or } \\leq] \\left( nf(\\sigma) - \\sum^n_{i = 1} f(\\theta_i)\\right)^2 \\]  where \\(\\theta_i \\in (0,\\ell)\\) with \\(\\theta_1 + \\dots + \\theta_n = m\\ell\\), \\(\\sigma = m\\ell/n\\), \\(c_n = nf(\\sigma)/f'(\\sigma)\\), and \\(m(\\leq n)\\) is a positive constant. Equality in the last inequality holds if and only if \\(\\theta_1 = \\dots = \\theta_n = \\sigma\\).   Two notable consequences of Theorem A for the cases when \\(m =2\\), \\(\\mu = 1\\), \\(\\ell = \\pi/2\\), and \\(f(\\theta) = \\sin \\theta\\) and \\(f(\\theta) = \\cos \\theta\\) are derived in the Theorems B and \\(\\text{B}'\\), respectively. As a geometric application of Theorem A, a Benneson-style isoperimetric inequality for plane polygons is obtained in Theorem C. The classification of all the functions verifying Theorem \\(A\\) is given. Finally, the main result (Theorem A) is restated as a weighted exponential inequality.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$50E0CDBA-BCE5-414A-9574-2C7B61243FE9","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"934e41f5a1e400ccfad1147472ad8fe3fe16aee8","datavalue":{"value":"26D10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$69DF9A92-18C5-409E-984B-1B3F03EA808C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"145b3547074abae69f7ea12a847bac9f122cc911","datavalue":{"value":"52A40","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$FB95FE3E-DFBF-49E3-92F5-2AB2ACCE6ED0","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"e671fac79a778a1fbfe9d72ecb778ae698459f92","datavalue":{"value":"908599","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$33E8A8B5-4F48-4F6D-83C4-5AA94CD02C8A","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c7dc3e3cb7947862c1a5e0bf35a6819383b71772","datavalue":{"value":"discrete Wirtinger inequality","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$7BAF387D-B055-45AE-B5F4-0E7E73C777E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"812c062dfe6a4b116e1217d30c74249a0c6ddd71","datavalue":{"value":"isoperimetric inequality","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$9540A999-F602-41D3-BF01-205F65A9EF7C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f8b5d27aaf1b26bcbbbd5bdfcf109cdff4d8f291","datavalue":{"value":"plane polygons","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$B923C19A-F7CB-4CC3-AF9A-9E902B6008B9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5868b114855905962b189f3b558f03b7065e6a07","datavalue":{"value":"weighted exponential inequality","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$DDFDE985-07F4-4B1E-85ED-C9DE50B8B310","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$CB3EDDBB-3C42-46E1-9693-FB97F62C5B8C","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"d93ab62e9eeb676d59b93fb4a4585d4cc4c081e1","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1006/jmaa.1996.0232","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$21B5AEA4-7735-428E-9245-DB0AEDB11592","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"38d052cf2460598aa33af9ef7703710535a52283","datavalue":{"value":"W1969215793","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$6EE7DC00-FD99-474B-9428-9CE57FC8406A","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"88861a16278e1be240a9c23cede75bbfd281854b","datavalue":{"value":"10.1006/JMAA.1996.0232","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1919581$A4444539-0C7C-4D5B-939D-D639967B10BB","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bbe2af58b130160e4b8e06016a17eced0072392d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3971088,"id":"Q3971088"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d742642075bac905e3f63585fe6b5a2d5a8ada3c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8450873","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$B3FE4EB0-CB6A-444B-8AF7-88116676404A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c971ed06eaee909f7f2fd24fea931524e945e2fa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1372375,"id":"Q1372375"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"402e4b36110628b31318898e1035f98b564d09ae","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.70195127","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$6F120CAA-4226-42B1-9245-165075782D80","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ecb0beaa8b18aa28c6dd2224eda6757dfb436fb7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4487743,"id":"Q4487743"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b55fc4d3fc76641946e5862bfa40c8481436f39a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6860222","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$D9A92472-7C81-4736-96B0-6E2F3A75ED53","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"18e88ec7504368ac2816a5f6c27517933c800ef4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2419064,"id":"Q2419064"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5bff3961d7918c5826dda5d0bb00f56daa2a1c4d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6848598","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$C1D6C167-EF34-48D6-A599-008275EB67B0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"20097b443196d3c7e36a23144f942fddf9ca4c44","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4387419,"id":"Q4387419"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"fc5274109344c82a9ebe59c46e6802881c1df890","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.67282045","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$FDEE36E8-BA93-47F9-9C76-23BBEAEBC934","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"452e62e0d22ae9e87fab4429f753b06118fb8fd6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4030143,"id":"Q4030143"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"88a7247cf823bb65aeb8b5dcf6aa79f878ba87cc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6668602","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$E61C2151-504A-4C2B-8365-E05BA11F3DBD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ca50a35ea3e6cc71bcd3bb0e8a5decb128622410","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5170095,"id":"Q5170095"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0d7a3073809afe515df2daefee7be2d1e2cc6423","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.66644096","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$CDFB84FF-CD90-4E3F-8FBB-135C9B5BF940","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a2aacb2742f8a5e2cf93614cb8d63ad7b8ce0d20","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2563792,"id":"Q2563792"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"153989917d7fe1b9293ad957824b761d0736fa1d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.659428","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$1D9B98C8-9A7B-4AAD-8BFB-9752C4234D2A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8360907f7e8d0f5fd230760c535e59ccb3242954","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2973112,"id":"Q2973112"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bc032b6f3018a2ef0eaffc12cde6b13248133dbe","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6527819","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$B41CB9E6-27CB-4DDC-B7B4-8A3A943F581E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a67c850f578163483bcc0b5e375f96c3191fa168","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3764378,"id":"Q3764378"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e8a356ce20dd23d64080ca10f87cdf48a63ffe5d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6489596","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1919581$C2A3F131-81A5-40D0-BEB0-C9375C85F1A3","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"A refinement of the discrete Wirtinger inequality","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/A_refinement_of_the_discrete_Wirtinger_inequality"}}}}}