{"entities":{"Q1928332":{"pageid":1939074,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1928332","lastrevid":57595068,"modified":"2026-03-31T13:24:13Z","type":"item","id":"Q1928332","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Residue classes containing an unexpected number of primes"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6121402"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$897B686A-EA46-46B8-A300-354E8D385371","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"ce817e57799aa2677f24cf8b875e8dbaa21c143b","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Residue classes containing an unexpected number of primes","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$6D5A2075-E9BA-4ABC-B57B-371ABDDDD11A","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"0b58be5e4be86e0290bc342453f807db21800836","datavalue":{"value":"1264.11081","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$AAF1D87B-55AF-4507-BCE7-DFD0ACE293AA","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"fac5007f652cce0a18287161887c8cf1950bdc21","datavalue":{"value":"10.1215/00127094-1902268","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$BB6DCA59-28B2-42D5-8989-B2CBD9834AD0","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"885947e555cf81d2ad85682abb2cbdbab2dbd449","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":466559,"id":"Q466559"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$B3A23610-5890-486C-A894-D3617A7323B3","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"e8d78105b574d85114159aeeb77fd1baaa47af9d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":247488,"id":"Q247488"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$2AD9CDF4-31A3-48FC-AC0D-064367EC8D01","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"54c3aea5017a2b930b738e94f94c92304e5e4ff2","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-01-03T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$D815D391-61C9-408D-A7B6-EAC007292E8D","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"37b30eae3089bbb965803c235960cdaccd53b0d1","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1009.2699","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$BC8A00D4-4906-417F-A312-ED176EC41F10","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"2f4021fd65023030ef693e9a4da0e46fc34defad","datavalue":{"value":"https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.dmj/1354198150","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$539C8A57-6D7B-4B9E-9E3D-B43E8ED7BC8D","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"5b4ea92f5fc598a167fb2294f7f61226c4f71c96","datavalue":{"value":"Fix a non-zero integer \\(a\\), and positive real numbers \\(B\\) and \\(\\varepsilon\\). For any \\(M\\in [1,(\\log x)^B]\\) let \\(\\mathcal{Q}\\) be the set of moduli \\(q\\leq x/M\\) which are coprime to \\(a\\). The main result of the paper is then that  \\[ \\frac{1}{\\# \\mathcal{Q}}\\sum_{q\\in\\mathcal{Q}} \\left(\\psi(x;q,a)-\\frac{\\psi(x)}{\\phi(q)}\\right)=\\nu(a,M)+ O_{a,B,\\varepsilon}(M^{\\varepsilon-205/538}), \\]  for a certain \\(\\nu(a,M)\\). Thus \\(\\psi(x;q,a)\\) differs from its expected value \\(\\psi(x)/\\phi(q)\\) on average, by an amount \\(\\nu(a,M)\\). If \\(a\\) were a positive prime power one might expect to have \\(\\nu(a,M)=\\Lambda(a)\\), so as to allow for the fact that the term \\(\\Lambda(a)\\) is necessarily counted by \\(\\psi(x;q,a)\\). However in fact it is shown that \\(\\nu(a,M)=\\frac32\\Lambda(a)\\) whenever \\(a\\geq 2\\). Similarly one has \\(\\nu(a,M)=\\frac12\\Lambda(|a|)\\) if \\(a\\leq -2\\); while if \\(a=\\pm 1\\) one has \\(\\nu(\\pm 1,M)=-\\frac12\\log M-C\\) for a certain explicitly given constant \\(C\\).  The discrepancy between \\(\\psi(x;q,a)\\) and its ``expected'' value, as revealed by these results, is a very small, and corresponds to less than one prime for each modulus \\(q\\); but it is non-zero none the less.  For the proof one uses a deep result of \\textit{J. Friedlander, A. Granville, A. Hildebrand} and \\textit{H. Maier} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 4, No. 1, 25--86 (1991; Zbl 0724.11040)], which shows that moduli \\(q\\leq xM^{-2}\\) make a negligible contribution. The remaining moduli are then handled by replacing \\(q\\) by its ``complementary divisor'' in the usual way.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$FE171B80-C0AC-4F0E-ACD4-85B107052FB9","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"8f9d2210fd31daf1b0c32117558fba88c34088c9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":177007,"id":"Q177007"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$B53339A0-EA11-4B47-9131-6806AEAE3D21","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b3c7366ba0712802ad3420b32199da186b257978","datavalue":{"value":"11N13","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$E380C246-C6EC-4E7F-9150-ECCF43242F6C","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"aafd40f838873113fb68eb213c09e3eccbdbcbcc","datavalue":{"value":"6121402","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$9D336A8F-21F4-4A3E-9300-F2E061D94180","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f296b1c815bc9677e2cf9f6cda5da1af711d955e","datavalue":{"value":"primes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$CEE4C2B7-158A-4D58-A402-76136DCEF870","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"385bf95088703d63ad0dfb62166b1e0e286a2274","datavalue":{"value":"congruence class","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$907730BC-4D3C-4438-A20B-CD34EBD4E1E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f947644457ed80f6350397a88896000afe593f79","datavalue":{"value":"average","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$78A60636-380D-48FD-8E64-604EDAD546D2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1f30f01baa0dbe102ed14d61f6acd511c378aa58","datavalue":{"value":"discrepancy","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$E65A3D5A-5C98-4B9D-AD56-10721735323F","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$C4B5E426-5370-4032-B62C-3DFDB86BA61B","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"24d2309d7ce5481dafeb25b44e1372f97ea72e6d","datavalue":{"value":"W2023957532","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$4D564CF5-F102-4E2C-B2FD-B7898EBC2F8F","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0d3ff2874692d0b1d6957addbe919bc586d5db97","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5511002,"id":"Q5511002"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$9F9E7D14-4D90-43AD-B38D-61466DEE0CC1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b072c3e457d3e7ae7933225cca47aef830c633a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1073078,"id":"Q1073078"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$95DDB405-5B25-4BD5-A308-384F3F7E23EF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a3bf677370ba91890725c97c635a35c6c611335c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4923029,"id":"Q4923029"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$D4976971-8325-4236-B593-6E0B34E00FE3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2ec608d21c43784132e2b9a1e4caab1fe8cb907e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3338337,"id":"Q3338337"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$9F7253FE-8B63-44DD-A0E1-3E19A7602AFF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"18acddfb5c15f5e75af048a840e6fa7697aa47c4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3135217,"id":"Q3135217"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$EA8174BB-44BA-44B5-87D7-FECBD674F45E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6286d861969d9a459425402e352e63bc6043c7a2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5202260,"id":"Q5202260"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$5B340DCC-9346-4B8E-84AD-02B0F8D83FD3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ea153e530e5772fecf01ca7b7c0edc5b83552cba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4058730,"id":"Q4058730"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$7BAB5732-6034-43A2-BF61-4F25A333AB1D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b7ec14d080fbab3dabec60c3bb99776cc939163b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4657734,"id":"Q4657734"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$0B876566-6D9A-46EA-964A-2EC49EF2DED4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ef7fb588fc0f95c3b4a13d3f2acbe6b3ae559e50","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3279348,"id":"Q3279348"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$E263EDFB-D1BB-46D8-895E-D8685B5BB358","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4f569f9cf17033733e487e231eacc31617d63ef3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5921120,"id":"Q5921120"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$3A087C71-3020-4AA1-898B-C103E25AB2AF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b573d4cdbde4e56c7ad3712dfc0fd31b67412861","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3123961,"id":"Q3123961"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$2ED16EDC-5FB2-4B3E-BFAD-454284B270EE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e5fa1f2a01ce33c1bf6c1d58ddea555d5ea8d388","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5335424,"id":"Q5335424"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1928332$B3D6F8EE-DC9E-40DE-9C68-345E981DE0BB","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"39b8d961d7bd3173b88aa956bbfad63ee3670018","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2942523,"id":"Q2942523"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"75498cfd140da7a1b356f9919ad5e5ea505814fd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7728350162506104","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1928332$503A3961-296A-45A9-BBA5-9CD603939903","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5bc1b5a9332bbb603204d0ffc4aa9dfdedabe72e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5097213,"id":"Q5097213"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c0304c5fddc526854b606a80b9673f29f08e7c0d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7653889656066895","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1928332$D9A848DE-F64E-4642-9A61-8B3B5425BB3B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8a8e8efa0b7b93a42048e19f0219036250b07c59","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5402458,"id":"Q5402458"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b3cb810eec4f22fc9ff427794af3716ae3107584","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7531419992446899","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1928332$064DB582-FEB2-4557-8C93-E32121FBD9AC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1962eed3e6621bece896b4fdbdc41508dafd9068","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5949480,"id":"Q5949480"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d1debd18c706a183960576ca27ef98f77558f14b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7523611187934875","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1928332$A6AE0283-2265-4BBC-AE42-F9775A7A2916","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"940ded03f1bb19202d2bf7880eb3afa7701553d5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5416175,"id":"Q5416175"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2ed578e37dd9d18f920766084483c34467d6b41e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7521509528160095","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1928332$89389614-8C14-4ACE-A1C1-0A16F71398B3","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1928332","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1928332"}}}}}