{"entities":{"Q1945792":{"pageid":1956534,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1945792","lastrevid":51688583,"modified":"2026-01-19T12:03:54Z","type":"item","id":"Q1945792","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Spectrum of the Ces\u00e0ro operator in \\(\\ell ^{p }\\)"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6152314"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$7B7B1A57-B327-4117-8C1C-46808AFE4FAF","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"6942a74de2e929f18ae9a46050b730c62dee3da4","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Spectrum of the Ces\u00e0ro operator in \\(\\ell ^{p }\\)","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$698E3BBC-A9BB-48EA-8E18-5F564C3E136E","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"39171f4511fdfa63da170b80c88aef4aa82d8bab","datavalue":{"value":"1275.47008","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$F731E68E-4BD3-42F6-8A33-673B014CFA95","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"db22232807c795272dc3a83fabf3be514df44f25","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166039,"id":"Q166039"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$794C49A9-8159-408A-9F2B-5EFF35D22738","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"e8d05c5960e17df88a20f497dd893bcc369c3eaa","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-04-09T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$C8B5BDE9-C07A-4879-B877-8D0A091AB9E6","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"fe7b7ba441b490758624c4fb7f71c8a631ddd139","datavalue":{"value":"For \\(1<p<\\infty\\), the Ces\u00e0ro operator \\(C^{(p)}\\) on \\(\\ell^{p}\\) assigns to a sequence \\((a_n)_{n=1}^{\\infty}\\) its sequence of averages \\((1/n \\sum_{k=1}^{n}a_k)_{n=1}^{\\infty}\\). By Hardy's inequality, \\(C^{(p)}\\) is bounded. In this paper, a novel proof of the fact that the spectrum of \\(C^{(p)}\\) is the closed disc \\(D[p]\\), which is centered at \\(q/2\\) and has radius \\(q/2\\), where \\(q\\) is the conjugate index of \\(p\\). The difficult part in proving the equality \\(D[p]= \\sigma(C^{(p)})\\) is the inclusion \\(D[p]\\supseteq \\sigma(C^{(p)})\\). For this, one has to see that \\((C^{(p)}-\\lambda I)^{-1}\\) is a bounded operator whenever \\(\\lambda \\notin D[p]\\). This is managed in a clever way by dominating the matrix \\(E_{\\lambda}:=-\\lambda^2[(C-\\lambda I)^{-1}-D_{\\lambda}]\\) by a more tractable positive matrix \\(G_{\\lambda}\\). Here, \\(D_{\\lambda}\\) is the diagonal part of \\((C-\\lambda I)^{-1}\\), for which it is not hard to prove the boundedness. The problem is thereby reduced to show that \\(G_{\\lambda}\\) is a bounded operator.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$1D68F011-B16F-475F-AF64-CD97DFC664F5","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"b94501437b7d18dc8db5111b0e8b34311f95f330","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":589397,"id":"Q589397"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$60F1230F-4C80-407A-830D-E6DB8D56F0F7","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"56cb628f65395dfa34fd3d28d27ba37f3e94cec7","datavalue":{"value":"47A10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$2A4F2344-FB35-40CE-B405-5198E19A5D9A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"bd423470793786c3b7aa4dbceee0fe39b875931b","datavalue":{"value":"47B37","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$AD047161-8B02-47EA-B18A-0BA95F9B3C31","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9437f4b9991807439abb3a5d6059eea4bed1d87a","datavalue":{"value":"47B38","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$C2939BC8-5DA6-4881-AF68-D5257004E165","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"3614610f30cf0ea3ebeede352a9b50b2e1823709","datavalue":{"value":"6152314","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$3C79D737-AD38-4C35-AB9B-25FD649E2495","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f499971506bb7d13eebf3a41582911b6f7a30bdf","datavalue":{"value":"spectrum","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$5A06824E-52BC-45D0-B02B-B92335F3CB46","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"71dcf7e7b352e1be567e39f32a92738adefe8f70","datavalue":{"value":"Ces\u00e0ro operator","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$E88A80C8-33F1-429A-9FD5-61CF9DB6178C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"281ad12dd44ad5223b544faeae333814763e9ab1","datavalue":{"value":"\\(\\ell^p\\) spaces","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$52133E84-2FB0-4D8D-AC8C-5D7EFC83505F","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"57f14fde9e3998043b30196253b9b4cb3c255224","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":275278,"id":"Q275278"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$70CB3702-068E-4B07-9A53-816028FB658C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0bc3c031f703d9b31839f92c4650e79e147b7d72","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":275279,"id":"Q275279"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$EC157027-852A-4D27-9D7E-26C20C00C4CF","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$E341B1C4-69F2-4194-9896-5DF7C259C8AE","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"3bbf80bf5d13796233781c8165acc1cae6c13b80","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00013-013-0498-z","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$E6BDE7F2-4137-4574-83B6-D318B5D8B091","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"4741497e84786d80901f5a5c611264f24e7ca918","datavalue":{"value":"W2053064710","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$23A48C87-7370-43A4-B53F-7CAAEDA1FD49","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5a67fbed645725c8badd4272cd2a1b02e1be8879","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3794437,"id":"Q3794437"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$6DBA3C2B-1D37-4F12-A844-1196200BA91F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"02904c78c464377c2cae5c1878d2c7733ba04fb0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5528082,"id":"Q5528082"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$88396772-B77F-43C0-927E-2D1496D1FAB7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e6ba030679c4b6495ace7a435ec634f17a987004","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1060396,"id":"Q1060396"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$1FC18059-DC84-4493-AE52-59E78981AAB1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"51df68c1eb5891ff837a741c0d378d30991e8af1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5838725,"id":"Q5838725"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$094B70CC-ECF5-4B72-AF10-82A363771E93","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8903aa5bab0a76533d22d75f8737c0e0b8cad5e4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2264970,"id":"Q2264970"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$9A6EE8BB-3D30-4A90-8EBF-435798FDC547","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"abbbdb441459c1b2337cc37b035ae392fc97aaaf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4330514,"id":"Q4330514"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$85088A9C-2D32-4681-9E09-2E8AD7E3AD3D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5cf4a3ac31fdad5083c5e977d2f7f161f4543719","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5671226,"id":"Q5671226"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$B13A725E-03AC-48CF-96C1-7E501C6A63A8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b31bfc1b1fc1a5970a37680f0cbea66a11bd7fe8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5671227,"id":"Q5671227"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$9017B82C-D2CF-4C43-86A5-62179C303152","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3d62230413486f31f9a8c4fcfdc070f1bea470e9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3341438,"id":"Q3341438"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$DA65D2EA-2E63-438A-9313-DC8868868C52","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c2c33f6ddf42d6a2dd0b355d0cb3be9b67c37c19","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5628750,"id":"Q5628750"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$D24AA85B-B43F-44F1-A6B5-357B725E21DE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"94ffc65e2a21272dd2f18914027d927e471ed011","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3948073,"id":"Q3948073"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$AD10AF28-ABA7-4EA3-88BA-1C01FC203185","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"40f1a78fdb28613a3f39fb918eb6fca2d6db37ff","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S00013-013-0498-Z","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1945792$93FE0EF5-1E49-4CD7-AFA6-E0D012769CEC","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8ed57b09706a94fbbde52b3cf81b64af46b71c0c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5463220,"id":"Q5463220"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"39dba3fa9d71a857fe84a25c51483ad0e8a25e2a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8906829357147217","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1945792$3A25B634-34E5-4811-9382-ABBE830122B5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f13c354883a0d2cc652be81d1419b8a4c23cdff2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1710703,"id":"Q1710703"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"113a157fe1c6600def9fa7ea7aa4cf44466e0130","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8899585604667664","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1945792$3548A4B2-CB65-4108-90A1-CFF6639BC890","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f89753b16648a73da4a2a5afae0cb0c0d1cc60f0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3341437,"id":"Q3341437"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e4bd826eded0aac814ed1724f5ea598e1514f0a7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.880057692527771","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1945792$65312B1E-C45F-476D-B117-5DE0944E1D2A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0fa67dd726f99af1c0c07b0e419c13535cb93854","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3341438,"id":"Q3341438"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c4b9342e65ba25856049e2c48eb141eaf8fc77a3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.861519992351532","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1945792$6CE03997-76A3-4431-8B59-60965B1A211D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"94d376ab10e3c2d4071715c4502644a70bf4bd32","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3788548,"id":"Q3788548"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"28a6f4086ff3b340d1cf91dc8d460adec6c10cfe","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8492857813835144","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1945792$FAC31B3F-C66F-49D0-AEA6-05B65FABDF59","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1945792","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1945792"}}}}}