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In other words, the problem is to find simple algebraic axioms on \\((\\mathcal{A}, H, D)\\) so that there exists a unique smooth compact manifold \\(X\\) such that \\(\\mathcal{A}=C^{\\infty}(X)\\), the algebra of smooth functions on \\(X.\\) The problem was originally formulated in the author's seminal paper [Commun. Math. Phys. 182, No. 1, 155--176 (1996; Zbl 0881.58009)], in which the following five axioms were conjectured to be sufficient in recovering the smooth manifold.  1. (Dimension) The \\(n\\)-th characteristic value of the resolvent of \\(D\\) is \\(O(n^{-\\frac{1}{p}}).\\)  2. (Universal commutation relation) \\([[D, f], g]=0\\) for all \\(f, g\\in\\mathcal{A}.\\)  3. (Smoothness) Let \\(\\delta\\) be the derivation given by \\(\\delta(T)=[|D|, T]\\) for any bounded operator \\(T\\) on \\(H\\). For any \\(a\\in\\mathcal{A}\\) and any integer \\(m\\), both \\(a\\) and \\([D, a]\\) belong to the domain of \\(\\delta^m.\\)  4. (Orientability) Let \\(\\pi\\) denote the representation of \\(\\mathcal{A}\\) on the Hilbert space \\(H\\). There exists a Hochschild cycle \\(c\\in Z_n(\\mathcal{A}, \\mathcal{A})\\) such that \\(\\pi(c)=\\gamma\\) when the dimension \\(p\\) is even and \\(\\pi(c)=1\\) when \\(p\\) is odd. Here, \\(\\gamma\\) is the grading operator in the \\(\\mathbb{Z}_2\\)-graded \\(H\\) when \\(p\\) is even.  5. (Finiteness and absolute continuity) Viewed as an \\(\\mathcal{A}\\)-module, the space \\(\\mathcal{H}_{\\infty}=\\cap_m\\mathrm{Dom } D^m\\) is finite and projective. Moreover, the following equality defines a Hermitian structure ( \\(|\\) ) on this module  \\[ \\langle\\xi, a\\eta\\rangle=\\int a(\\xi|\\eta)|D|^{-p}. \\]  Here, \\(\\int\\) denotes the noncommutative integral given by the Dixmier trace.  The strategies of the proof have been sketched by the author [loc. cit.]. This paper gives a full proof of the problem of the spectral characterisation of manifolds with elegant use of (functional) analysis. The \\textit{main result} of this paper is quoted as follows:  Let \\((\\mathcal{A}, H, D)\\) be a spectral triple with \\(\\mathcal{A}\\) commutative, fulfilling the five above axioms in a slightly stronger sense where  1. The regularity holds for all \\(\\mathcal{A}\\)-endomorphisms of \\(\\cap\\mathrm{Dom } D^m\\).  2. The Hochschild cycle \\(c\\) is antisymmetric.  Then there is a compact oriented smooth manifold \\(X\\) such that \\(\\mathcal{A}=C^{\\infty}(M).\\)  As a remark from the perspective of spectral geometry, the main theorem implies that a geometric space is determined by two sources of information:  1. The list of eigenvalues of \\(D\\).  2. The unitary isomorphism \\(F\\) between the Hilbert space of the canonical pair \\((\\mathcal{A}'', H)\\) with \\((H, D)\\). Here, \\(\\mathcal{A}''\\) is the von Neumann algebra weak closure of \\(\\mathcal{A}\\) and \\(F\\) is analogous to the Fourier transform.  These parameters for geometries have deep connections with the Yukawa coupling of the Standard 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