{"entities":{"Q1952420":{"pageid":1963162,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1952420","lastrevid":71994471,"modified":"2026-04-14T01:56:41Z","type":"item","id":"Q1952420","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The asymptotic behavior of integrable functions"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6168750"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$C171B463-F51C-45B5-B452-3D6CC45A971C","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"bb91191a44c4ba2736ff60244631fcb48d4fa260","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The asymptotic behavior of integrable functions","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$328CB442-3B37-4B71-A745-9904423C1763","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"9b0435dcbc3d14587d7aa85e13670e7d994ee11f","datavalue":{"value":"1275.26020","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$A416F499-7564-4445-9886-1FE392B2A9A7","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0c862a2ed7eeda2569d0f5083a3a7c36e221c48f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":542853,"id":"Q542853"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$E5A120A2-C78E-43DC-896E-87D57DBE36A7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"7bb3aa31635c8c33c640fec4a0548f170876f3ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":226217,"id":"Q226217"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$9270E152-F779-4183-BDCB-2495E0E2441C","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"cc44a233e5e8bd544c3e30852775af330b8fff3a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":178039,"id":"Q178039"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$D8BD650C-DE69-44D4-A6AE-A63F6400C15E","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"9cae486ae8c13e3c619023b84cba16af67cca2aa","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-05-30T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$5AF35E8C-22E4-40DE-9A5F-D1F830FA7BDB","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"3778fe5dafa454079476375edfc35276eafb5b12","datavalue":{"value":"https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.rae/1367265645","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$3A46D828-C292-45D4-B855-08E82A229DD0","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"992e35e2890d00a3d8415df47b3d53c5df71b480","datavalue":{"value":"If \\(f:[0,\\infty)\\to\\mathbb R\\) is a function such that the Lebesgue integral \\(\\int_0^\\infty f\\) exists and is finite, then it is not necessarily true that \\(\\lim_{x\\to\\infty}f(x)=0\\). The statement becomes true if we either strengthen the assumptions on \\(f\\) (for example, the proposition holds for nonnegative nonincreasing functions, as well as for uniformly continuous functions), or if we replace the usual limit by a weaker concept such as the limit in density.  Given a density function \\(d\\) defined on the Borel subsets of \\([0,\\infty)\\), we say that the limit of \\(f\\) at infinity in density is zero if \\(d(\\{t;\\,|f(t)|\\geq\\varepsilon\\})=0\\) for every \\(\\varepsilon>0\\). In this case, we write  \\[ (d)-\\lim_{x\\to\\infty}f(x)=0. \\]   In their previous paper [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 381, No. 2, 742--747 (2011; Zbl 1227.40002)], the authors have considered the densities \\(d_0\\), \\(d_1\\) given by  \\[ d_0(A)=\\lim_{r\\to\\infty}{1\\over r}\\int_{A\\cap[0,r)}\\,{\\mathrm d}t, \\]   \\[ d_1(A)=\\lim_{r\\to\\infty}{1\\over \\ln r}\\int_{A\\cap[1,r)}\\,{{\\mathrm d}t\\over t}, \\]  and proved that \\((d_0)-\\lim_{x\\to\\infty}x f(x)=0\\) and \\((d_1)-\\lim_{x\\to\\infty}(x\\ln x)f(x)=0\\) for every Lebesgue integrable function \\(f:[0,\\infty)\\to\\mathbb R\\).  The main result of the present paper is the following more general statement: Every Lebesgue integrable function \\(f:[0,\\infty)\\to\\mathbb R\\) satisfies  \\[ (d_n)-\\lim_{x\\to\\infty}\\left(\\prod_{k=0}^n\\ln^{(k)}x\\right)f(x)=0,\\quad n\\in\\mathbb N,\\eqno(1) \\]  where \\(d_n\\) is the density given by  \\[ d_n(A)=\\lim_{r\\to\\infty}{1\\over \\ln^{(n)} r}\\int_{A\\cap[\\exp^{(n-1)}1,r)}\\,{{\\mathrm d}t\\over \\prod_{k=0}^{n-1}\\ln^{(k)}t},\\eqno(2) \\]  and \\(g^{(k)}\\) stands for the \\(k\\)-th iterate of a function \\(g\\).  The authors also show that for any density given by (2) and every measurable function \\(f:[0,\\infty)\\to\\mathbb R\\), the convergence in density to zero is equivalent to the existence of a set \\(S\\subset[0,\\infty)\\) such that \\(d_n(A)=0\\) and  \\[ \\lim_{x\\to\\infty,\\,x\\notin S}f(x)=0. \\]   Reviewer's remark: The main result (1) was already proved in the paper [Expo. Math. 30, No. 3, 277--282 (2012; Zbl 1259.26009)] by the same authors.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$A1E9F503-56A8-4416-A83B-033782BFA973","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"dc182e9d5e9268e1fe0f0d9ec716ab1c0d64122b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":470816,"id":"Q470816"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$1A2E8727-C52F-4C98-94EF-2EAACD7B10CC","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ff3eda259169ff970f6c3965a7811beb0bbcb4db","datavalue":{"value":"26A42","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$80AC2651-E629-4D32-8210-760C00EAD022","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"91cb6986ddcf41bae6dd85a43f71829d301a1aed","datavalue":{"value":"37A45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$60E85FA1-0461-4F24-A1D5-AA03FB9AEFA1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8a45adbc2d79bc3c9846633e511e2eee1a074f4d","datavalue":{"value":"40A10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$7439E507-352D-401C-9C39-1523DC734D11","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"b23a36e0652c644908c660a33e4fc115a927140f","datavalue":{"value":"6168750","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$141D962A-C00A-4B88-B21D-337B46869622","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8032b8fa761d32c90020271617f658e73d4930d6","datavalue":{"value":"Lebesgue integral","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$F04EEFEC-81C3-43AD-93A2-09F6D86B1414","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a01ee01077a14e69c3c27408efccd7f448855eec","datavalue":{"value":"density","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$DED5C1A4-0011-487B-BF21-AA8621F690E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4c6e292ace2a58f08061b09497b9f7cf4bb5bf89","datavalue":{"value":"convergence in density","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$E88360AA-8704-40DA-9301-12CEABD8E028","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$95992CDC-A184-41C2-9E8F-F92A6F147C73","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"a594e2bbc5dd4db5fdabac2e74115a4c57c46f9c","datavalue":{"value":"W1575666715","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$B112B894-4FD2-4638-A206-AD65C1A847E5","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"696179a064c878ea0b77f8a07b028f7b3816efe3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3262986,"id":"Q3262986"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$78DAB786-9CEE-436C-956C-E605653F5F45","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"55b37799c9e26baae0b2b93f30775072f585b68c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3909268,"id":"Q3909268"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$C0FE25F2-2489-4819-92BB-80ECB536BCA6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"16733320f030c4a9ad98a6caff3153a369b3a90c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4752019,"id":"Q4752019"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$8320361B-F2E6-4E88-A873-C17CAC16ECB3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c0aed7bb3ef398e431136a801933548e1dd569e1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3060155,"id":"Q3060155"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$E65F9759-1E5D-4998-B0D5-85B77C2AC32B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a019c69e0fc12e986c92196c93006136436e55f9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3563762,"id":"Q3563762"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$58D4FAF1-0F2F-408B-8586-3F49391D6E48","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ff452220e74a18c257518435f4ecd59921664229","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":542854,"id":"Q542854"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$09A2766F-298B-4960-9581-3F4F62A692C0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"de77fc470ffd605dcfb4a60599b316adfd21bdb7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1881474,"id":"Q1881474"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$AD410324-B891-407D-BC0A-880F56CF9EA6","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"1fa44a35ba6019dc7c3f8ce88edb897630c4333f","datavalue":{"value":"10.14321/REALANALEXCH.38.1.0157","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1952420$CA93B4DE-CC6A-4B80-BB6B-80B004E62936","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d808e0f7c46240479970636b1afa2ac4ac47cb9c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":690438,"id":"Q690438"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"aa98aa5345c87ccba05816cb97ef34619956b020","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9580679535865784","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1952420$523B707D-D890-47E7-8DA1-56D058B2CD6D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ab8eed86732f9804b30dae7748995401896f4381","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":542854,"id":"Q542854"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f8dcee1a8c49354ea187098598aa70c1021e1a79","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9030097126960754","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1952420$94699E91-76A6-4446-A62F-5E0C10495007","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a4e70dffb039ebf2cffbfc04f8807edf61c8083f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5064891,"id":"Q5064891"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8a0ae62b684834ea7c4dd5fb888974c4b2f1c2de","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8425238728523254","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1952420$E1C25C1C-20BF-4822-8882-0FEC2EC3133A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c7223530f7500cda404a2a2d4d12b02499862132","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3145278,"id":"Q3145278"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"40bfe39cb64e3c4625103c7265b7d0da13c684ed","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8225775361061096","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1952420$13344EB0-F376-4ECB-849B-CB57BB52D887","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"871a62f2d4c200e82929b3c7bff8e9106565d35d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3060155,"id":"Q3060155"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"210b791ae9d15cb0fe0bb4b41c1375ef1f25fe42","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8087132573127747","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1952420$593C3C72-1885-4A1D-84EB-2C46F930921B","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"The asymptotic behavior of integrable functions","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/The_asymptotic_behavior_of_integrable_functions"}}}}}