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Math. 101, 101-121 (1991; Zbl 0760.22023)] proved the orthogonality of characters of square integrable representations with a given central character for a general reductive group over a non-Archimedean local field of characteristic zero. The main goal of the paper under review is the proof of the analogous statement for the group \\(\\text{GL}_n(F)\\) when \\(F\\) is a local field of non-zero characteristic. Using this statement, the author is also able to prove the following theorem (which extends to the non-zero characteristic case a result obtained by \\textit{J.~D.~Rogawski} [in Duke Math. J. 50, 161-196 (1983; Zbl 0523.22015)]): Let \\(D\\) be a central division algebra over \\(F\\) with dimension \\(n^2\\). Then there exists a unique bijective correspondence between the set of equivalence classes of essentially square integrable irreducible representations of \\(\\text{GL}_n(F)\\) and the set of equivalence classes of irreducible representations of \\(D^*\\) such that the characters of two representations whose equivalence classes correspond are equal, up to the sign \\((-1)^{n-1}\\), on elements which have the same separable characteristic polynomial.   This result is the first step in the proof of the existence of a Jacquet-Langlands correspondence between \\(\\text{GL}_n\\) and its inner forms in the case of non-zero characteristic (for the case of zero characteristic, see the results obtained by \\textit{P.~Deligne, D.~A.~Kazhdan} and \\textit{M.-F.~Vign\u00e9ras} [in Repr\u00e9sentations des groupes r\u00e9ductifs sur un corps local, 33-117 (1984; Zbl 0583.22009)] and \\textit{Y.~Z.~Flicker} [in J. Ramanujan Math. Soc. 5, No. 2, 107-122 (1990; Zbl 0722.11028)]). As a consequence, the author shows that there is transfer of all orbital integrals of \\(D^*\\) to \\(\\text{GL}_n(F)\\), and of all the orbital integrals of \\(\\text{GL}_n(F)\\) which vanish on all non-elliptic regular semisimple elements to \\(D^*\\).   The paper uses some of the results obtained by \\textit{B.~Lemaire} [in Ann. Inst. Fourier 46, No. 4, 1029-1059 (1996; Zbl 0853.22012) and Compos. 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