{"entities":{"Q1970013":{"pageid":1980755,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1970013","lastrevid":47462014,"modified":"2026-01-01T19:45:44Z","type":"item","id":"Q1970013","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Affine approximation of Lipschitz functions and nonlinear quotients"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1417603"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1970013$01C58F26-201E-4FBE-BA7E-ECA6F0E40394","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"558fce88db80809f2fc9bf9ea789b5af51f5c9d3","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Affine approximation of Lipschitz functions and nonlinear quotients","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1970013$AB6819F5-AD11-4F01-926B-071B1A8B7ABF","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"c69d88cdf22c136acabe613dbb63bbece46a5b2b","datavalue":{"value":"0954.46014","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1970013$544487DC-877B-458B-BDDE-346BBBE23EC5","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"cc45e6b9322bed7360e4aac2a42f8c73614b44f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1787138,"id":"Q1787138"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1970013$27B5C096-B640-4F80-8F78-247C9A6E3396","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"9f7ed99dde37a1ed2b712f0eb37bcc96b8743b93","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":172246,"id":"Q172246"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1970013$2AC1D9F7-B558-47B7-A66D-BD2D381057FF","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"2d1d54670924db26a74d9a3b5e6224e9f60db0e3","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2001-01-29T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1970013$0F67CAE2-AB7A-4C18-86CD-1310DD13C0C6","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"35720846db8b9951db3390bf64c2453d5fec8fc8","datavalue":{"value":"For two Banach spaces \\(X\\) and \\(Y\\), \\(\\text{Lip}(X,Y)\\) is the set of Lipschitz functions from a domain in \\(X\\) to \\(Y\\) and \\(\\text{Lip}(X,Y)\\) has the approximation by affine property if for every Lipschitz function \\(f\\) from the unit ball \\(B\\) of \\(X\\) into \\(Y\\) and every \\(\\varepsilon>0\\) there is a ball \\(B_1\\subset B\\) of radius \\(r\\) and an affine function \\(L\\:X\\to Y\\) so that \\(\\|f(x)-Lx\\|\\leq\\varepsilon r\\), \\(x\\in B_1\\). Now \\(\\text{Lip}(X,Y)\\) has the uniform approximation by affine property if the radius \\(r=r(\\varepsilon,f)\\) of \\(B_1\\) above can be chosen to satisfy \\(r(\\varepsilon,f)\\geq c(\\varepsilon)>0\\) simultaneously for all functions \\(f\\) of Lipschitz constant \\(\\leq 1\\). In section 2 of this paper several theorems are proved when such approximations are possible. Further, a complete characterization of the spaces \\(X\\), \\(Y\\) for which any Lipschitz function from \\(X\\) to \\(Y\\) can be so approximated is obtained in the following theorem: Let \\(X\\) and \\(Y\\) be nonzero Banach spaces. Then \\(\\text{Lip}(X,Y)\\) has the uniform approximation by affine property if and only if one of the spaces is super-reflexive and the other is finite dimensional. A uniformly continuous mapping \\(F\\) from a metric space \\(X\\) onto a metric space \\(Y\\) is a uniform quotient mapping if for each \\(\\varepsilon>0\\) there is a \\(\\delta=\\delta(\\varepsilon)>0\\) so that for every \\(x\\in X\\), \\(F(B_\\varepsilon(x))\\supset B_\\delta(Fx)\\). A space \\(Y\\) is said to be a uniform quotient of a space \\(X\\) provided there is a uniform quotient mapping from \\(X\\) onto \\(Y\\). In section 3 the main theorem is the following: If \\(X\\) is super-reflexive and \\(Y\\) is a uniform quotient of~\\(X\\) then \\(Y^*\\) is finitely crudely representable in \\(X^*\\). Consequently, \\(Y\\) is isomorphic to a linear quotient of some ultra power of \\(X\\). As a corollary the main theorem implies: If \\(Y\\) is a uniform quotient of \\(L_p\\), \\(1