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For a graph with \\(n\\) vertices and \\(m\\) edges it is shown that \\(m\\leq 3(n-1)/2\\) for thrackles in a plane, while \\(m\\leq 2n-2\\) for generalized thrackles in a plane; this improves known results by Lov\u00e1sz, Pach and Szegedy. The paper also examines thrackles on closed surfaces, with the following main result: A bipartite graph can be drawn as a generalized thrackle on a closed connected orientable surface if and only if the graph can be embedded in that 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