{"entities":{"Q1976068":{"pageid":1986810,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1976068","lastrevid":72152232,"modified":"2026-04-14T02:58:48Z","type":"item","id":"Q1976068","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Chaos in relativity and cosmology"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1442246"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$FD727218-AD10-40F6-996F-D8510EE6AD3D","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"03c2d04b605bfb609e8973c1521851c1c5628648","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Chaos in relativity and cosmology","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$7FF92213-BE8C-449D-AD8B-9F0F95CC19C2","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"533c6b612faf6ddea35a3223846c96f0fd9caf9b","datavalue":{"value":"0956.37024","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$70D342FF-63E6-4E56-9A25-C370C3BDB8C5","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"9ce534f04b133dbad10e2130ca96470e6004852c","datavalue":{"value":"10.1023/A:1008376523356","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$C07F3B2B-D4D4-4BBD-A9AB-C795477A9A76","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"cc45e6b9322bed7360e4aac2a42f8c73614b44f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1787138,"id":"Q1787138"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$9FE886DE-6BDB-4CF9-8E24-025B9B982D8C","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"4fd82214dd55d135f326357bbe9d1d2a8a3b423e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":171595,"id":"Q171595"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$14B1B261-1879-40E6-9AA9-9567125ECE6E","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7e3486af8c4134d7077ad3f4e438fb29d69719fd","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2000-07-20T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$7B79DBEC-E517-4022-BF7D-CED3394113DD","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"9f32c14f55663f77cd9eb2695042a9901ae7c933","datavalue":{"value":"The chaos is studied in two cases of interest in Relativity and Cosmology: (i) the Mixmaster Universe model; (ii) the motion around two fixed black holes. In the first case, it is shown that the Mixmaster equations have two solutions: one general, depending on 6 arbitrary constants, which is of Painlev\u00e9 type and another which is not Painlev\u00e9. Therefore, the Mixmaster model cannot be integrable. However, in this paper it is shown that in the Belinskii-Khalatnikov time \\(\\tau\\), the Mixmaster model has the basic characteristics of a chaotic scattering problem, i.e. the two views can be made compatible. In the case of two fixed black holes, the orbits of photons separate into three types and it is shown that the chaos appears because between any two orbits of different types there are orbits of the third type. The transition from order to chaos is made through an infinite sequence of period doubling bifurcations. It is shown that the bifurcation ratio is the same in relativity as in classical dynamics.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$D31F3100-6F82-4063-8B19-7CE4744C0FF4","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0b7ccfaf6d3442c68f28a69cd1caf5370aa1c3ea","datavalue":{"value":"37D45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$37DA4FC0-73CF-4F2C-BA2F-0758D29115A4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0ee5d43805ca951b82fe016b0abb52da4b18b586","datavalue":{"value":"83F05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$D4E5E80A-2260-43B3-9016-D4B4CF1FA14B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8867c00eae21f67f4e36cfb923ae25879537bfb5","datavalue":{"value":"70K55","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$071616BF-F97D-4CD0-908E-4B935ADFA6A6","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"9bf2a0d312e4ae41f14a0046c8f05b58ea571ae5","datavalue":{"value":"1442246","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$5BEC52DB-BBFE-47EE-8AF1-3A18A4FF71CC","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1051f3275efd9dd70f1a974ee0d3cb95be2f5820","datavalue":{"value":"chaos","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$E9FAEDDC-7F35-4BD5-9E70-4D85DA7EA714","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"53d1e06af099ee98df76fde3689ceebee0145fb2","datavalue":{"value":"mixmaster universe","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$DAED9533-0665-41F0-829B-C9D68EF68271","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"cfa530abbbf3c263bfda8a22c0625877db212595","datavalue":{"value":"black hole","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$ADCBFFC0-C467-4E5E-9527-60507EF77E4B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f0e52e65a96222b1799cb19014aea5dedc309073","datavalue":{"value":"bifurcation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$9D63ED56-7CD4-4B15-B7DE-ED6F8483ECA3","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"ea3fb46372c5f6f9dce0d37d246466bc4a631c7e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":587565,"id":"Q587565"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$F14ED7AA-4499-40F8-9E82-4AE2D56C4637","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$3C42FB6F-2EE8-4994-B294-08E7972604FF","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"d6c609986f57b1e546560514bc9cab5bb71c2b65","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008376523356","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$9AA42DEC-C497-4F06-A54E-566254D146EA","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"11d25a2f91b9f5c1a4284895ee0ffeb7b6e8d2d3","datavalue":{"value":"W2121699805","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1976068$6C5662DC-C606-4B6B-B0E2-FD2CD79425F6","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"388ed3d2ddd176315cd31f3ea9b81a0497bfdf8f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4541633,"id":"Q4541633"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"96b844c09caf076c946a94bc9bc0669ae12df617","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.95063853","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$154289CC-D2B8-4025-B2E3-FC872517B9B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"785edbea254edd7cab972762099425e3ab82085d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2776356,"id":"Q2776356"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"896b223f9748af61c67a864da81ec0c41b1c7244","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9466189","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$59CFF632-82BE-4684-A803-C8BFE9C9ECF3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f59dd2d5821a4f21280a398e90b7f3dbf05f1304","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4518972,"id":"Q4518972"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4e250ea1b5516397ce66d75170141646bb5bfcbf","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9466188","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$DD4E17A9-4D1D-4D95-B281-688F15358EF8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"726fc36f3ed8072d3d3c3fccdfc4bb1b9896c5e0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1327818,"id":"Q1327818"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"68159daa408904fa16daf6cbddffb3261dfdf7a7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9325724","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$D01468F1-2E88-4C16-9D10-ECF0629E6F75","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f898e09a0f3a9ed4971be76dd6c97e6b61c490f7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4701538,"id":"Q4701538"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"35e531d6a7686664ebebb2bc305edcee16869f7c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9322758","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$4951AF6D-7B12-4B6E-9E7D-9A90CD1FB759","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7c3511d6654e79705b08b4809d1a229fe3f9da1b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3490672,"id":"Q3490672"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"416f47d43aa63c08b8e1aa2387ac603a6a3909ca","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9275889","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$A6B37270-7F44-4C70-B07A-3BBF5BD53A5D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dc28a99ff6aae8ef8f0b44446a16b13d79a2ebfc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3676858,"id":"Q3676858"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4bd80e715eb3850e1c8e37135fb6067c5bc61861","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.92280906","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$18E78665-702E-4A62-96C1-B8946F43175F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e614beea2ffb9d12f3d76e9e5a2ffa69c56f6ea6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1129344,"id":"Q1129344"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"48add8f4a5b39f3c72a306a267605b6539c96135","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9179616","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$D3B78848-8A10-4C8B-9643-031926F9D4A7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8288d870e25ee5e4835cf35dced31cca510e8f3a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4421655,"id":"Q4421655"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"00c0a20b3c932cdf77cdcb76e78805c4bca3eeb3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9163163","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$CDBE8ED2-D31E-41D8-83AD-71F470548153","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4ba6bcb7d5e7de53f2a62327ae01aa22fe3b022e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4429518,"id":"Q4429518"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"00c0a20b3c932cdf77cdcb76e78805c4bca3eeb3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9163163","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1976068$68E3256B-7B0F-422D-9DA2-019A99259193","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Chaos in relativity and cosmology","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Chaos_in_relativity_and_cosmology"}}}}}