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Let us denote by \\(R_A(I)\\) the Rees algebra of \\(I\\), by \\(G_A(I)\\) the form ring of \\(A\\) with respect to \\(I\\), and by \\(r(I)\\) the reduction exponent of \\(I\\). The authors first prove a general a-invariant formula for standard graded algebras. In the case of the form ring it states \\(\\text{a}(G_A(I))=\\max\\{r(I)-l(I),\\delta(G_A(I))\\}\\), under the assumption that \\(A\\) is Cohen-Macaulay and that \\(G_A(I)\\) fulfills Serre's condition \\((S_l)\\) only, where \\(l=l(I)\\) stands for the analytic spread of \\(I\\). Next it is shown how the a-invariant formula can be used to prove new upper bounds for the reduction exponent of an ideal.   For an ideal \\(I\\) in a regular local ring \\(A\\) whose form ring \\(G_A(I)\\) satisfies Serre's condition \\((S_l)\\) the reduction exponent \\(r(I)\\) is bounded above by \\(l-1\\). In the case that \\(G_A(I)\\) is Gorenstein and \\(h>1\\) one gets even more: \\(r(I)\\leq l-2\\). Finally, one uses the above formula to describe the a-invariant of the form ring in terms of reduction exponents and analytic spreads of localizations of \\(I\\) at finitely many primes ideals only (theorem 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