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Siegel, in 1920, showed that one can replace the exponent \\(\\frac{n}{2}+1+\\Theta\\) by \\[\\beta=\\min_{1\\le s\\le n-1}\\left(\\frac{n}{s+1}+s+\\Theta\\right). \\]  In this article, Mahler establishes the following \\(p\\)-adic extension of Siegel's result. Let \\(f(x)\\) be an irreducible polynomial with rational integer coefficients of degree \\(n\\ge 3\\), let \\(P_1,P_2,\\ldots,P_t\\) be finitely many prime numbers and let \\(\\zeta,\\zeta_1,\\zeta_2,\\ldots,\\zeta_t\\) be real zero of \\(f(x)\\), a \\(P_1\\)-adic zero of \\(f(x)\\), a \\(P_2\\)-adic zero of \\(f(x), \\ldots \\), and a \\(P_t\\)-adic zero of \\(f(x)\\), respectively. Mahler proves that, if \\(\\beta\\) is Siegel's exponent and \\(k\\ge 1\\) is fixed, the inequality \\[\\min\\left\\{1,\\left|\\tfrac{p}{q}-\\zeta\\right|\\right\\} \\prod_{\\tau=1}^t \\min\\{1,|p-q\\zeta_\\tau|_{P_\\tau}\\}\\le k\\, \\max\\{|p|,|q|\\}^{-\\beta}\\] has finitely many solutions in reduced rational numbers \\(p/q\\).  Reprint of the author's paper [Math. Ann. 107, 691--730 (1933; Zbl 0006.10502; JFM 59.0220.01)]. For Part II see [Zbl 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