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In particular, it is equivalent to $\\lambda_n\\geq 0$ for $n\\geq 1,$ where $\\lambda_n:= \\sum_{\\rho}^*\\big[1-\\big(1-\\frac{1}{\\rho}\\big)^n\\big]$. The sum runs through the nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function and $^*$ denotes that the sum is taken in the sense of the limit $\\lim_{|(\\rho)|\\to\\infty}$. The Riemann hypothesis for global function fields was proved by A. Weil in 1940--1941. The $n$-th Li coefficient for a global function field $K$ is defined as   \\[ \\lambda_K(n)= \\mathop{{\\sum}^*}_{\\rho \\in {\\mathcal Z}(K)} \\big(1-\\big(1-\\tfrac{1}{\\rho}\\big)^n\\big)=\\lim_{T\\to \\infty}\\sum_{\\substack{ {\\rho\\in{\\mathcal Z}(K)}\\\\ |\\mathrm{Im}(\\rho)|\\leq T}} \\big(1-\\big(1-\\tfrac{1}{\\rho}\\big)^n\\big)\\]   where ${\\mathcal Z}(K)$ is the set of zeros of the Riemann zeta function $\\zeta_K(s)$. We have that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to $\\lambda_K(n)\\geq 0$ for $n\\geq 1$.  In the paper under review, the authors first derive several formulas to compute $\\lambda_K(n)$ (Theorems 3.2, 4.1, 4.2 and Corollary 3.3). Second, they apply the above formulas and the inequalities $\\lambda_K(n)\\geq 0$ to approximate some arithmetic invariants of the field $K$ (Corollaries 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and Example 5.4). 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