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Then there is a representation \\(\\rho : \\pi _1 (Y) \\rightarrow \\text{Out} ^{+} \\pi _1 ( X_y)\\) in the outer automorphisms of the fundamental group \\(\\pi _1 ( X_y)\\) of a fibre \\(X_y = f^{-1} (y)\\), preserving the orientation. For any normal subgroup \\(H \\triangleleft \\pi _1 (X_y)\\) of finite index, the subgroup \\( \\text{Stab} _{\\text{Aut} \\pi _1 (X_y)} (H) := \\{ \\alpha \\in \\text{Aut} \\pi _1 (X_y) \\, | \\, \\alpha H = H \\} \\) is of finite index in \\(\\text{Aut} \\pi _1 (X_y)\\) and acts on the \\({\\mathbb Q}\\)-vector space \\(H^{\\text{ab}} _{\\mathbb Q} := H^{\\text{ab}} \\otimes _{\\mathbb Z} {\\mathbb Q}\\), generated by the abelianization \\(H^{\\text{ab}} := H / [ H, H]\\) of \\(H\\). The corresponding partial representation of \\(\\text{Aut} \\pi _1 ( X_y)\\) factors through \\(\\rho : \\pi _1 (Y) \\rightarrow \\text{Out} ^{+} \\pi _1 (X_y)\\) and the induced partial representation of \\(\\text{Out} ^{+} \\pi _1 (X_y)\\) is denoted by \\(\\tau ^H\\). Moreover, \\(\\tau ^H\\) is a partial representation of \\(G = \\pi _1 (X) /H\\) and there is a decomposition \\(H^{\\text{ab}} _{\\mathbb Q} = \\bigoplus _{\\chi} ( H^{\\text{ab}} _{\\mathbb Q} ) ^{\\chi}\\) into a direct sum of the isotypic components \\((H^{\\text{ab}} _{\\mathbb Q} ) ^{\\chi}\\), which are the sums of the irreducible \\(G\\)-sub-representations of \\(H^{\\text{ab}} _{\\mathbb Q}\\), isomorphic to the irreducible \\(G\\)-representation \\(\\chi\\). These are representations of the subgroup \\( \\bigcap _{\\gamma \\in \\pi _1 (X)} \\;\\;\\gamma \\text{Stab} _{\\text{Aut} \\pi _1 ( X_y)} (H) \\gamma ^{-1} \\) of finite index in \\(\\text{Aut} \\pi _1 ( X_y)\\). The corresponding partial representations of \\(\\text{Out} ^{+} \\pi _1 ( X_y)\\) are denoted by \\(\\tau ^{H, \\chi}\\). The article under review shows that for any irreducible character \\(\\chi\\) of the finite quotient group \\(\\pi _1 ( X_y) / H\\) the identity component of the Zariski closure of the image of \\(\\tau ^{H, \\chi} \\circ \\rho\\) is a classical non-compact semisimple Lie group \\(G\\) of Hermitian type, i.e., \\(G\\) is a classical non-compact semisimple Lie group over \\({\\mathbb R}\\), whose associated Riemannian symmetric space \\(G / K\\) of non-compact type is Hermitian symmetric. Moreover, the author establishes that with finitely many exceptions, any subgroup \\(\\Gamma\\) of finite index in an arithmetic subgroup of a special Mumford-Tate group of a polarized Hodge structure of type \\(\\{ (-1,0), (0,-1) \\}\\) is isomorphic to an image of \\(\\tau ^H \\circ \\rho\\). For any normal subgroup \\(H \\triangleleft \\pi _1 (X_y)\\) of finite index and any \\(\\gamma \\in \\pi _1 (Y)\\) there is a sufficiently large natural power \\(\\gamma ^n\\) of \\(\\gamma\\), such that \\(\\rho ( \\gamma ^n)\\) belongs to the domain of \\(\\tau ^{H, \\chi}\\). If \\(\\gamma \\in \\pi _1 (Y)\\) is a loop around a smooth boundary divisor of a smooth compactification of \\(Y\\), then \\(\\tau ^{H, \\chi} \\rho ( \\gamma ^n)\\) has to be quasi-unipotent.  Let \\(D = \\sum\\limits _i D_i \\subset Y\\) be a divisor with simple normal crossings, \\(\\gamma _i\\) be a loop around the irreducible component \\(D_i\\) of \\(D\\) and \\(m_i \\in {\\mathbb N}\\) be a natural number. The orbifold fundamental group \\(\\pi _1 ^{\\text{orb}} \\left(Y, \\sum\\limits _{i} m_i D_i \\right)\\) is defined as the quotient of \\(\\pi _1 (Y \\setminus D)\\) by the normal subgroup, generated by \\(\\gamma _i ^{m_i}\\). If \\(f: X \\rightarrow Y\\) is flat then a previous work of the author established that the induced homomorphism \\(\\pi _1 (f) : \\pi _1 (X) \\rightarrow \\pi _1 (Y)\\) factors through an epimorphism \\(\\Phi : \\pi _1 (X) \\rightarrow \\pi _1 ^{\\text{orb}} \\left( Y, \\sum\\limits _{i} m_i D_i \\right)\\) and there arises an action \\(\\rho ^{\\text{orb}}: \\pi _1 ^{\\text{orb}} \\left( Y, \\sum\\limits _{i} m_i D_i \\right) \\rightarrow \\text{Out} ( \\ker ( \\Phi))\\) on the kernel \\(\\ker ( \\Phi)\\) of \\(\\Phi\\) by outer automorphisms. For any subgroup \\(H < \\ker ( \\Phi)\\) of finite index, let \\(\\sigma ^H\\) be the partial representation of \\(\\text{Out} ( \\ker ( \\Phi ))\\) on \\(H^{\\text{ab}} _{\\mathbb Q}\\). The identity component of the Zariski closure of the image of \\(\\sigma ^H \\circ \\rho ^{\\text{orb}}\\) is shown to be a classical non-compact semisimple Lie group of Hermitian type. In particular, if \\(Y = C\\) is a smooth projective curve of genus \\(g \\geq 2\\) and  \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\pi _1 ^{\\text{orb}} & \\left( C, \\sum\\limits _{i=1} ^n m_i p_i \\right) = \\\\ \\langle \\alpha _i, \\beta _j \\, | \\, & \\left( \\prod\\limits _{i=1} ^g [ \\alpha _{2i-1}, \\alpha _{2i} ] \\right) \\left( \\prod\\limits _{j=1} ^n \\beta _j \\right) = \\beta _1 ^{m_1} = \\ldots = \\beta _n ^{m_n} =1, \\, 1 \\leq i \\leq 2g, \\, 1 \\leq j \\leq n \\rangle \\end{aligned} \\]  then \\(H^1 \\left( \\pi _1 ^{\\text{orb}} \\left( C, \\sum\\limits _{i=1} ^n m_i p_i \\right), {\\mathbb Q} \\right)\\) is of dimension \\(2g\\) and \\(H^2 \\left( \\pi _1 ^{\\text{orb}} \\left( C, \\sum\\limits _{i=1} ^n m_i p_i \\right), {\\mathbb Q} \\right) \\simeq {\\mathbb Q}\\). Let us suppose that the fundamental group of a compact K\u00e4hler manifold \\(X\\) admits a surjective homomorphism \\(\\Phi : \\pi _1 (X) \\rightarrow \\pi _1 ^{\\text{orb}} \\left( C, \\sum\\limits _{i=1} ^n m_i p_i \\right)\\) with finitely generated kernel \\(\\ker ( \\Phi)\\). The article proves that the space of the \\(\\pi _1 ^{\\text{orb}} \\left( C, \\sum\\limits _{i=1} ^n m_i p_i \\right)\\)-invariants of the \\({\\mathbb Q}\\)-vector space \\(\\ker ( \\Phi) ^{\\text{ab}} \\otimes _{\\mathbb Z} {\\mathbb Q}\\), generated by \\(\\ker ( \\Phi) / [ \\ker ( \\Phi), \\ker ( \\Phi)]\\) is of even dimension. If the fundamental group of a smooth complex projective variety \\(X\\) admits a surjective homomorphism \\(\\Phi : \\pi _1 (X) \\rightarrow \\pi _1 ^{\\text{orb}} \\left( C, \\sum\\limits _{i=1} ^n m_i p_i \\right)\\) with a finitely generated kernel \\(\\ker ( \\Phi)\\) then for any subgroup \\(H < \\ker ( \\Phi)\\) of finite index the identity component of the Zariski closure of the image of \\(\\sigma ^H \\circ \\rho ^{\\text{orb}}\\) follows to be a classical non-compact semisimple Lie group \\(G\\) of Hermitian type. Moreover, if \\(G/K\\) has no irreducible factors, which are balls of dimension \\(\\leq 2\\) or Siegel upper half-spaces of genus \\(2\\), then almost all subgroups \\(\\Gamma\\) of finite index in an arithmetic subgroup \\(\\Gamma _1\\) of a special Mumford-Tate group of a polarized Hodge structure of type \\(\\{ (-1,0), (0,-1) \\}\\) is shown to be isomorphic to an image of \\(\\sigma ^H \\circ \\rho ^{\\text{orb}}\\). Certain lattices \\(\\Gamma\\) of \\(\\text{SL} (2, {\\mathbb R})\\) also have the aforementioned property.  Let \\(C\\) be a smooth irreducible curve of genus \\(g \\geq 3\\). Then any normal subgroup \\(H \\triangleleft \\pi _1 (C)\\) of finite index with quotient group \\(G := \\pi _1 (C) / H\\) corresponds to a finite \u00e9tale \\(G\\)-Galois covering \\(\\widetilde{C} \\rightarrow C\\). If \\(( \\text{ }, \\text{ } ): H^1 ( \\widetilde{C}, {\\mathbb Q}) \\times H^1 ( \\widetilde{C}, {\\mathbb Q}) \\rightarrow {\\mathbb Q}\\) is the intersection pairing on \\(H^1 ( \\widetilde{C}, {\\mathbb Q})\\) then \\(\\langle \\text{ }, \\text{ } \\rangle : H^1 ( \\widetilde{C}, {\\mathbb Q}) \\times H^1 ( \\widetilde{C}, {\\mathbb Q}) \\rightarrow {\\mathbb Q} [G]\\), \\(\\langle u, v \\rangle = \\sum\\limits _{g \\in G} (u, gv) g\\) is \\({\\mathbb Q}[G]\\)-valued, sesquilinear form on \\(H^1 ( \\widetilde{C}, {\\mathbb Q})\\), which is skew-Hermitian with respect to the involution \\(g \\mapsto g^{-1}\\) and the image of \\(\\tau ^H \\) is contained in the \\(\\langle \\text{ }, \\text{ } \\rangle\\)-Hermitian transformations of \\(H^1 ( \\widetilde{C}, {\\mathbb Q})\\). For any class \\(\\chi\\) of an irreducible \\({\\mathbb Q}[G]\\)-submodule of the Grothendieck group, the \\(\\langle \\text{ }, \\text{ } \\rangle\\)-Hermitian automorphisms of \\((H^{\\text{ab}} _{\\mathbb Q}) ^{\\chi}\\) form an algebraic group \\({\\mathbb G} _{H, \\chi}\\) over \\({\\mathbb Q}\\). Let \\({\\mathbb G}^1 _{H, \\chi}\\) be the subgroup of the elements of \\({\\mathbb G}_{H, \\chi}\\) with reduced norm \\(1\\). The quotient homomorphism \\(r : \\pi _1 (C) \\rightarrow G = \\pi _1 (C) / H\\) is redundant if it admits a factorization \\(r = r'' \\circ r'\\) through an epimorphism \\(r': \\pi _1 (C) \\rightarrow {\\mathbb F}_g\\) onto the free group \\({\\mathbb F}_g\\) with \\(g\\) generators and an epimorphism \\(r'' : {\\mathbb F}_g \\rightarrow G\\), containing a free generator in its kernel. The article shows that if \\(r : \\pi _1 (C) \\rightarrow G\\) is redundant then for an arbitrary very general curve \\(C\\) of genus \\(g \\geq 3\\) and an arbitrary irreducible \\({\\mathbb Q}[G]\\)-representation \\(\\chi\\) the special Mumford-Tate group of the isotypic component \\(H^1 ( \\widetilde{C}, {\\mathbb C}) ^{\\chi}\\) equals \\({\\mathbb G} ^1 _{H, \\chi}\\). As a result, if \\(C\\) is a curve of genus \\(g \\geq 3\\) and \\(H \\triangleleft \\pi _1 (C)\\) is a normal subgroup of finite index, whose quotient \\(G = \\pi _1 (C) / H\\) is generated by less than \\(g\\) elements then the identity component of the Zariski closure of the image of \\(\\tau ^H\\) is \\(\\prod\\limits _{\\chi} {\\mathbb G}^1 _{H, \\chi}\\). The aforementioned results are applied to Kodaira surfaces with a base of genus \\(g \\geq 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