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Every element \\(w \\in \\mathbb{F}_r\\) induces a map \\(w: G^{r} \\rightarrow G\\), called a word map defined by substitutions. For example, if \\(w=x_{1}^{-1}x_{2}^{-1}x_{1}x_{2}=[x_1,x_2]\\in \\mathbf{F}_{2}\\), then \\(w(g,h)=[g,h] \\in G\\) and \\(w\\) is called the commutator word.  Let \\(G\\) be a compact group, the push-forward via a word map \\(w\\) of the Haar probability measure \\(G^{r}\\) is called the \\(w\\)-measure on \\(G\\). If \\(w\\) is the commutator word, a random element sampled by the \\(w\\)-measure is given by the commutator \\([g,h]\\) of two independent, Haar-random elements of \\(G\\). Back in 1896, Frobenius showed that if \\(G\\) is a finite group and \\(\\psi\\) is an irreducible character of \\(G\\), then the expected value of \\(\\psi([g,h])\\) is \\(\\psi(e)^{-1}\\). This is true for any compact group, and completely determines the \\(w\\)-measure on these groups. An analogous result holds with the commutator word replaced by any surface word. The paper under review is devoted to proving the converse (Theorem 1.4): Let \\(w \\in \\mathbf{F}_{r}\\). If \\(w\\) induces the same measure as \\([x_1, y_1] \\cdot \\ldots \\cdot [x_{\\gamma}, y_{\\gamma}]\\) (resp. as \\(x_{1}^{2}\\cdot \\ldots \\cdot x_{\\gamma}^{2}\\)) on every compact group, then \\(r \\geq 2\\gamma\\) (resp. \\(r \\geq \\gamma\\)) and there is \\(\\theta \\in \\mathrm{Aut}(\\mathbf{F}_{r})\\) such that \\(\\theta(w)=[x_1, y_1] \\cdot \\ldots \\cdot [x_{\\gamma}, y_{\\gamma}]\\) (resp. \\(\\theta(w)=x_{1}^{2}\\cdot \\ldots \\cdot x_{\\gamma}^{2}\\)).  The strong conjecture that if \\(w_1, w_2 \\in \\mathbf{F}_{r}\\) and \\(w_1\\), \\(w_2\\) induce the same measure on every compact group, then \\(\\theta(w_{1})=w_{2}\\) for some \\(\\theta \\in \\mathrm{Aut}(\\mathbf{F}_{r})\\) is open and seems to be extremely 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