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They formulate the variance of the estimated mean outcome with an external intervention in which a treatment variable is set to a specified constant value. The proposed variance formula is exact, in contrast to those in most previous studies on estimating total effects.  Based on the variance formula, they formulate the mean square error (MSE) between the future sample and the estimated mean outcome with the external intervention (Theorem 2). These results seems to extend some results given by \\textit{M. Kuroki} [J. Appl. Stat. 39, No. 3, 673--694 (2012; Zbl 07263499)] or \\textit{M. Kuroki} and \\textit{T. Hayashi} [Scand. J. Stat. 43, No. 2, 505--519 (2016; Zbl 1384.62235)].  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