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(An action is free if every nontrivial element acts without fixed points.) The obstruction for an extension to an action which is free also on the 3-manifold \\(M\\) is an element of the classical 2-dimensional bordism group of \\(G\\), isomorphic to the Schur multipier \\(H_2(G, \\mathbb Z)\\) of \\(G\\) (for a low-dimensional algebraic proof of this isomorphism, see a paper by the reviewer [Monatsh. Math. 104, 247--253 (1987; Zbl 0627.57009)]); as a consequence, free actions on surfaces do not extend to free actions on 3-manifolds, in general.  It is the main result of the present paper that an extension of a free action on a surface to an action on a compact 3-manifold always exists if \\(G\\) is a finite abelian, dihedral, symmetric or alternating group. The proofs introduce some new and interesting perspective to the problem by using the language of 2-dimensional principal \\(G\\)-bordisms or extendable \\(G\\)-cobordisms over surfaces, decomposing such \\(G\\)-cobordisms into some types of basic extendable pieces. For the first possible counterexamples to such an extension for some other types of groups, see a recent preprint by \\textit{E. Samperton} [``Free actions on surfaces that do not extend to arbitrary actions on 3-manifolds'', Preprint, \\url{arXiv:210706982}].   The authors discuss also briefly the problem of extending arbitrary (i.e. not necessarily free) finite group-actions on surfaces to 3-manifolds; here, by results of \\textit{R. A. Hidalgo} [Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A I, Math. 19, No. 2, 259--289 (1994; Zbl 0821.30029)] and \\textit{M. Reni} and \\textit{B. Zimmermann} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 124, No. 9, 2877--2887 (1996; Zbl 0868.57018)], actions of finite dihedral groups always extend to a handlebody, and one can characterize which actions of finite cyclic and abelian groups extend (and if so, again to a handlebody); an interesting question here is whether an extending action on a hyperbolic surface (e.g., to a handlebody) extends also to a hyperbolic 3-manifold with totally geodesic boundary (and then also by 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