Mirror symmetry of Calabi-Yau manifolds fibered by \((1,8)\)-polarized abelian surfaces (Q2133426)

The paper under review studies mirror symmetry of a family of Calabi-Yau threefolds fibered by \((1,8)\)-polarized abelian surfaces, with vanishing Euler characteristic. Such a Calabi-Yau threefold has \(h^{1,1}=h^{2,1}=2\), and is denoted by \(V_{8,w}^1\). The Heisenberg group \({\mathcal{H}}_8=<\sigma,\tau>\) acts on \(V_{8,w}^1\) as \(\mathbb{Z}_8\times\mathbb{Z}_8\). The quotients \(V_{8,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\times \mathbb{Z}_8\) and \(V_{8,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\) with a subgroup \(\mathbb{Z}_8=<\tau>\subset\mathbb{Z}_8\times\mathbb{Z}_8\) have been studied in the article of [\textit{M. Gross} and \textit{S. Pavanelli}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 136, No. 1, 1--9 (2008; Zbl 1127.14036)]. In that article it was conjectured that mirror of the quotient \(V_{8,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\) is given by \(V_{8,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\times\mathbb{Z}_8\). In fact, mirror symmetry was first obtained by Pavenelli stydying locally near a special boundary point by computing Gromov-Witten invariants. A purpose of this paper is to extend a local mirror symmetry to a global one. Conjecture 1=Proposition 7.9: Mirror of the Calabi-Yau threefold \(V_{8,w}^1\) is given by \(V_{8,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\) with a subgroup \(\mathbb{Z}_8=<\tau>\subset\mathbb{Z}_8\times\mathbb{Z}_8=<\sigma,\tau>\). Then the mirror of the quotient \(V_{8,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\) is given by \(V_{8,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\times\mathbb{Z}_8\). This is done by constructing families \(\mathcal{V}_{\mathbb{Z}_8}^1\to\mathbb{P}_{\Delta}\) and \(\mathcal{V}_{\mathbb{Z}_8}\times\mathbb{Z}_8^1\to\mathbb{P}_{\Delta}\) for \(V_{8,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\) and \(V_{8,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\times\mathbb{Z}_8\), respectively, over a toric variety \(\mathbb{P}_{\Delta}\). The Picard-Fuchs differential equations of these families are determined and it is shown that they are identical. Also It is shown that there are degeneration points \(A, B, C\) and \(A^{\prime}, B^{\prime}, C^{\prime}\) on a suitable resolution of \(\mathbb{P}_{\Delta}\), where the mirror correspondences are observed: \(A\leftrightarrow V_{S,w}^1,\,\, B\leftrightarrow V_{S,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\times\mathbb{Z}_8,\,\, C\leftrightarrow V_{S,w}^1/\mathbb{Z}_8\) and \(A^{\prime}, B^{\prime}, C^{\prime}\) corresponding to birational models of each. Mirror correspondences are confirmed by computing Gromov-Witten invariants of stable maps for some genus \(g\), e.g., \(g=0, 1, 2\), near the boundary points. From the calculations of Gromov-Witten invariants, the generating functions of these invariants are shown to have quasi-modular properties. For the genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants is the following observation. Conjecture 2=Observation 5.9: The generating functions \(Z_{0,n}^A(q)\) have the following forms: \[Z_{0,n}^A(q)=P_{0,n}^A(E_2,E_4,E_6)(64/\bar{\eta}(q)^8)^7\] where \(\bar{\eta}(q):=\prod_{n\geq 1} (1-q^n)\) and \(P_{0,n}^A\) are quasi-modular forms of weight \(4(n-1)\) expressed in terms of \(E_2(q), E_4(q)\) and \(E_6(q)\) with \(P_{0,1}^A=1\). Similarly, \(Z_{0,n}^B(q)=\frac{1}{64} Z_{0,n}^A(q^8),\, Z_{0,n}^C{q}=\frac{1}{8}Z_{0,n}^A(q^2)\). This is established numerically computing the BPS numbers. For higher genus Gromov-Witten invariants, and for the generating functions \(Z_{g,n}^M(q)\) for \(M=A,B,C\), conjectures are formulated. Conjecture 1.3: The generating functions \(Z_{g,n}^M(q)\) (\(M=A,B\)) are expressed in terms of quasi-modular forms as \[Z_{g,n}^A=P_{g,n}^A(E_2, S, T, U)(64/\bar{\eta}(q)^8)^n,\, Z_{g,n}^B=P_{g,n}^B(E_2,S,T,U)(1/\bar{\eta}(q^8)^8)^n\] where \(P_{g,n}^A\) and \(P_{g,n}^B\) are polynomials of degree \(2(g+n-1)\) of Eisenstein series \(E_2\) and \(S:=\theta(q)^4,\, T:=\theta(q^2)^4,\, U:=\theta(q)^2\theta(q^2)^2\). For \(M=C\), there is also a conjectural formula for \(Z_{g,n}^C(q)\). For \(n=1\), the conjectural formulas take simpler forms. The cojecture 1.3 was confirmed for \(n=g=1\).