{"entities":{"Q2185761":{"pageid":2196504,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2185761","lastrevid":82580594,"modified":"2026-05-06T21:14:52Z","type":"item","id":"Q2185761","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Time optimality for systems with multidimensional control and vector moment min-problem"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7209243"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$659D2D25-1FD4-4E5C-AB9E-60963D60C3AC","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"12dde9f3b44b276e0066a3af7c7452a7d78950e0","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Time optimality for systems with multidimensional control and vector moment min-problem","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$2D1ED6B2-5307-430B-87A7-09786982D9CC","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"f27d861552fc465f3f5739b40c2122b692218a44","datavalue":{"value":"1465.49024","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$D2148BF4-C11B-4A27-A8C5-A7EB39A50AB1","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"cc45e6b9322bed7360e4aac2a42f8c73614b44f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1787138,"id":"Q1787138"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$555FA039-DE31-427C-AF29-9DA81E22FB28","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"74a8a1a42c51d547b412a53086697434ec508e61","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":247973,"id":"Q247973"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$918081FF-5A24-446E-AF05-2CC6E2EC4163","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"1c385d77ffcc13ea578b29961aa32ef091af481f","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2020-06-05T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$44F33980-B8CF-4A14-A9DF-2B6779C0F763","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"228b6cb0611421fa0e6d4ef8a83bda79e727739f","datavalue":{"value":"The subject is the time optimal problem for systems \\[ x'(t) = Ax(t) + Bu(t) \\, , \\qquad x(t) \\in\\mathbb{R}^n \\, , \\ u(t) \\in \\Omega \\subset\\mathbb{R}^r \\tag{1} \\] with \\(r \\ge 2.\\) The constraint set is the hypercube \\(|u_j| \\le 1.\\) Under rank conditions on the matrices \\(B, AB, \\dots, A^{n-1}B\\) and a general position condition that, if not satisfied, may lead to nonuniqueness, Pontryagin's maximum principle says that the controls take only the values \\(\\pm 1;\\) if the matrix \\(A\\) has only real eigenvalues the number of switching point of each control does not exceed \\(n - 1.\\) That reduces the problem to finding the switching points, which can be done explicitly in some low dimensional examples but is in general very complicated, especially in high dimensions.  The authors reduce the time optimal problem for (1) to a \\textit{vector moment problem} as follows. If \\(\\Phi(t)\\) is the fundamental matrix of the homogeneous system and the control \\(u(t)\\) steers \\(x_0\\) to \\(0\\) in time \\(\\theta\\) then \\[ \\Phi (\\theta)x_0 + \\Phi(\\theta) \\int_0^{\\theta} \\Phi^{-1}(t) B(t) u(t) dt = 0 \\] so the problem becomes that of finding the minimum time \\(\\theta\\) and the vector function \\(u(t)\\) that satisfies the constraints and \\[ \\int_0^\\theta \\Psi (t)u(t) dt = x_0 \\] where \\(\\Psi(t) = - \\Phi(t)^{-1} B(t).\\) The two cases considered are \\textit{zero spectrum} (only one eigenvalue \\(\\lambda = 0)\\) and \\textit{real spectrum} under assumptions including linearly independent eigenvectors. The final results are nonlinear systems for explicit computation of the switching points. The numerics are illustrated in an example.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$2BA6E602-C994-47A4-B6E2-63FABFBE1F4E","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"71b174392024ff471fe883ab87527d44b0b1d9af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590499,"id":"Q590499"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$50740D23-EBD0-4C16-A52C-286DF7F5764F","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"00d3b1077b08e979911c2396be18da56d4200f0f","datavalue":{"value":"49N05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$B1052A80-5007-470E-8318-BAED77461EF1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"46f6f97ad6bf74faa2be6629aac320ad56ec94a7","datavalue":{"value":"49J15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$3F6ED96A-27C2-454B-AEF4-B8532E8FB352","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"76a7e9fd927fa6d8ce339fc16f270d7591ad280a","datavalue":{"value":"49M99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$0DD4A949-AEED-4723-B0C9-F8463A92EA1A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"18d3ff98a6b36ff583aa8db8acc5f9669058d6c6","datavalue":{"value":"49K15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$0AEC9550-A23D-44B9-A108-973DA01F113E","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"de648278187f84bf77b6f2c5273536db99d91780","datavalue":{"value":"7209243","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$B6C4DC8F-4EC9-4F50-AC23-C24E12543BE8","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"057a88f305033c024b7b92cd46191ba17f1ea751","datavalue":{"value":"linear time-optimal control problem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$3B98C977-1462-4CF1-89C0-BEF29CAAC78C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"60903fb624f135f323e0754b715d3a47f420bf29","datavalue":{"value":"vector moment min-problem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$B34DFD43-7F1E-4385-A8C1-7CAE11EF0526","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"dc54930ef20b862885882f88d18e5b7255a6cf62","datavalue":{"value":"systems with multidimensional control","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$F6F393FA-1978-4529-8C59-98B1D296D174","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2089bfb0512ebaa658a1f8eca3479cdc1f48eb6b","datavalue":{"value":"non-uniqueness of the optimal control","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$5B7CC4C3-D150-457F-B2B0-2D28A9AC75D7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"57871082e9850664ce2475283a77c08b394a67fe","datavalue":{"value":"switching points","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$391DD765-4CFD-456F-8A54-A8EABED8C244","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$26CE92D1-32A5-4A7E-B019-A46091366D5F","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"3f9b3f018c88d52bb7ad8c4b92582e6c0d84d6da","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10883-019-09465-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$8FE1D2B7-51D3-4866-9705-1305E8B67F3A","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"7460cae5d78cd5e7c1bc0e7c11b459ec7274a5cf","datavalue":{"value":"W2986896676","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$806E7F9A-E614-4BCD-8B8F-BA2B913E65DB","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"d3cc7ae7ecde5ce92dd2b8b47c64b2a53aa95c43","datavalue":{"value":"Q126831135","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$A89D5DF6-A2D4-44AB-BE20-974746EC2630","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ad8d262b8c68ce82d10918cf5610c82373de636d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3285813,"id":"Q3285813"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$F27524E3-F75A-49C0-A153-40923F18833D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9f35a10a6e5fa3a2222d045770e07c4dda1bb227","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3247309,"id":"Q3247309"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$7760FE37-561D-4230-9E74-4305F711C2FF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ddfdd9165d1533320e03e9455693ec1937c3ee2c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3250058,"id":"Q3250058"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$7354DD59-0E15-4652-8123-2CBD72A17244","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"303940dc5e52722855bc9549709e9a72bf23907d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1255218,"id":"Q1255218"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$31AE8098-FAA1-4A39-85B5-19D9868F5F72","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4c4b82d88abdb3dc60fdfea1ea1356c26e970a59","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5682743,"id":"Q5682743"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$41ABD0E2-6D1D-4AA2-90A9-5F23509C75E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8efc4c78d8de5acf1ecc213b245a82d1cda8efa8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5534404,"id":"Q5534404"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$33EC12AF-07C2-42E2-9C79-1CE07EE68057","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"92718c34a6cda4c8828a1069d37eb7c779823db7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":806033,"id":"Q806033"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$F468E158-C94C-48BC-81E9-B8C0B1C19BB0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"aef8666fd0d21fb7197a9cc874c7ea06c1def8d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5748405,"id":"Q5748405"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$8D82BC0E-4BA4-4B26-B20F-AA9F32706B45","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3e11767d0f8e50c3318db177a7de4bbd506e808c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3818196,"id":"Q3818196"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$30D71F12-3617-4B7A-9055-E730A905A062","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"75d943e6cbda457e872c85e9669f961188a6346e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3488049,"id":"Q3488049"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$BA08378E-3020-4237-9E91-CDEA13D9A55C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"03786b6aecf147837fdebb0c98cd93f4f3eb202e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3470318,"id":"Q3470318"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$AACB105B-89EC-46DB-AA98-D4E98F0A35DE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6e4199aa86b221bf655713b60a6318697cb2f88e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":676812,"id":"Q676812"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$F731361F-7A63-475A-AFDF-727ADD4731FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"24de44052abb126f121386ab320b12d455b1bf6e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4695808,"id":"Q4695808"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$B59B78DB-2348-42CB-952D-75C6438E11FA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7a0e2be775033983ea460dc421fa3879be2b1b65","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4653323,"id":"Q4653323"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$C36139A4-A11B-422F-9213-B8C6E3F50277","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a43f4879666256160f58450e8ad7c13d0d15b844","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2792337,"id":"Q2792337"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$212BBC91-A411-4121-8ED1-79D80EA80C8A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"774200004a43f870c846c5458262f3fa6e33261d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5559800,"id":"Q5559800"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$287C744E-EA85-4E79-B3D6-D55F30425D8C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8a22f0dfe866c680d8f53f9007d980d89cfc8c7a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4536129,"id":"Q4536129"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$51D9F7B3-8283-4D6F-8F3A-45020797760A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"53c63d3dc1fabb4b1b3edd195eb4196c0a03b5bb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1874842,"id":"Q1874842"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$19BE34BC-D906-4128-91AF-359A73AE0451","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"42d413c48824248e3bde74184c7b9848a9509620","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":627345,"id":"Q627345"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$8E70A069-E5D7-4C4D-B8C8-11F474699CD9","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"1b283f1ef07fc8036497b7b8c709ffa00a5b8991","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S10883-019-09465-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2185761$0F67D3E5-947E-4C3B-AB7B-1B6D46601227","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5baac0e521a7207996e72bbb1ddf2dd0cd174dae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3815960,"id":"Q3815960"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5924e54d7713f7566bd6612328c20197a961e113","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8408405780792236","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2185761$CA9EAD2B-C67E-4066-A45E-2A811FBAE131","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2831502b9723b5258c99ce3698f0d2561c658720","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4653323,"id":"Q4653323"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8fdaffe2d8052e3e4a684ef75856a6698249442e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.838384211063385","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2185761$7F787AEE-5922-4A7C-9AED-A97D74F8EF54","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"23a972c08a0c3c2d04030649df4eb243af2858b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4512069,"id":"Q4512069"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d286139683861a4b3288a6962255baeee51ff50d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8358405232429504","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2185761$874ACD32-863B-4FD0-966D-90D168DF37A9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cadcaebd3fa0460879bd5cd907c6c6df7c2d02c3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4536129,"id":"Q4536129"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"89930d88f654810269fdcba623fa185db0fc938b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8273084163665771","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2185761$A4848950-3575-496A-8721-D2BA2E31DCD3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"abd32132e7bf5d85ff6825d14a91cf4367ce95bc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3488049,"id":"Q3488049"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d4b144e73b21a7dff4700524d94f74f8ba585af6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8258496522903442","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2185761$692C6FCD-5AAE-494A-B831-5C07649DB6F9","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Time optimality for systems with multidimensional control and vector moment min-problem","badges":[]}}}}}