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These surfaces are important because in the moduli space of Riemann surfaces of a given genus, they represent the points that have real moduli but are not definable over the reals. There are no pseudo-real surfaces of genus \\(0\\) or \\(1\\), and conversely there exist pseudo-real surfaces of genus \\(g\\) for every \\(g \\geq 2\\).  The present paper deals with the automorphism groups of pseudo-real surfaces. The more general result in that question is the upper bound for the number of automorphisms of such a surface of genus \\(g \\geq 2\\), which is \\(12(g-1)\\) as was proved by \\textit{E. Bujalance} et al. in [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 362, 3365--3376 (2010; Zbl 1201.30047)]. Two parameters are introduced and studied in the present paper, which are related to other well-known previous definitions. We just mention the symmetric genus of a group \\(G\\), \\(\\sigma (G)\\), which is the smallest genus of a Riemann surface on which \\(G\\) acts as a group of  automorphisms, some of them maybe reversing orientation. The authors define here the pseudo-real genus of a finite group \\(G\\), \\(\\psi (G)\\), as the smallest genus of a pseudo-real Riemann surface on which \\(G\\) acts as an automorphism group, possibly but not necessarily preserving orientation. Besides, \\(\\psi^*(G)\\), the strong pseudo-real genus, is defined as the smallest genus of a pseudo-real Riemann surface on which \\(G\\) acts as an automorphism group, without preserving orientation, if it exists.  Obviously \\(\\psi (G) \\leq \\psi^*(G)\\) if the second parameter is defined. The main result is obtained in Section 3. It may be summarized by saying that for every \\(g \\geq 2\\) there exists a group \\(G\\) such that \\(\\psi (G) = \\psi^*(G) = g\\). Namely, for any \\(n > 0\\), \\(\\psi^*(C_{4n}) = 2n\\)    (Proposition 3.1), and  \\(\\psi^*(C_{4n} \\rtimes_{2n-1} C_2) = 2n+1\\) (Proposition 3.2), while for both families of groups, say \\(G\\), \\(\\psi (G) = \\psi^*(G)\\) (Proposition 3.3).  Section 4 gives a number of results and open problems on these parameters. Firstly, Table 1 gives for every group \\(G\\) with order up to \\(15\\) the values of  \\(\\psi (G)\\), and of \\(\\psi^*(G)\\) if this exists. Also, examples are shown of a group \\(G\\) satisfying  \\(\\psi (G) = \\sigma (G) < \\psi^*(G)\\), and of a group \\(H\\), for which \\(\\psi (H) = \\psi^*(H) = \\sigma (H)\\).  The reviewer must highlight that this article is written in a very clear, comprehensive, and self-contained 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