{"entities":{"Q2204109":{"pageid":2214852,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2204109","lastrevid":71539413,"modified":"2026-04-13T22:55:40Z","type":"item","id":"Q2204109","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On the best constants associated with \\(n\\)-distances"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7254849"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$C80769DD-653D-4283-94B9-F2E676ECDA41","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"920f31e6d30468e84adbe4df25f30c4b02bc1096","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On the best constants associated with \\(n\\)-distances","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$5BEC1B58-C06E-4934-810A-2DA7A0CEDCE8","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"f83cc1824fdbfa01706f17a84646059d1ce0caf4","datavalue":{"value":"1474.51011","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$5E69A006-E4B1-4106-99F8-9968D1CA3998","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"85917bb1d061216f9705a9724ea2fd8a7983ff1c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":359641,"id":"Q359641"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$9DF9057F-710A-4EAA-9EF7-7201DA51BD88","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5824ffb05986b289e869491bfb78390db8f6d98d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":245028,"id":"Q245028"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$2373BDB0-5DDA-4EF2-A2F0-142186E77BA0","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"4b942190e17083b575cb45317653fe779fdb5a77","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":168571,"id":"Q168571"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$A210161A-5B98-4DCA-BD75-6F2D119974B5","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"5081527b72a0ed3a06d32e1e791fb6a87f329626","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2020-10-02T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$BC204BDC-8A17-48C9-AE3C-E6DF582FCD39","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"375b9f23b65d40c20ae1cc6c498eaa2995906102","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.06586","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$577082CF-746C-435C-9356-BABB971064B2","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"26483450196d9b4aee9f7336375aecb25fc669dc","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(X\\) be an arbitrary set, with \\(\\vert X\\vert \\ge 2\\), let \\(n\\ge 2\\) be an integer and \\(\\mathbb{R}_+=[0,+\\infty]\\). A map \\(d:X^n \\to \\mathbb{R}_+\\) is called \\(n\\)-distance on \\(X\\) if it satisfies the following conditions:\\par (i) \\(d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)=0\\) if \\(x_1=\\cdots =x_n\\);\\par (ii) \\(d\\) is invariant under any permutation of its arguments;\\par (iii) \\(d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)\\le \\sum_{i=1}^n d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)_i^z\\) for all \\(x_1,\\cdots,x_n,z \\in X\\), \\par where \\(d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)_i^z\\) stands for the function obtained from \\(d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)\\) by setting the \\(i\\)th variable to \\(z\\).\\par Condition (iii) is called simplex inequality. For many \\(n\\)-distances the simplex inequality can be refined into \\[d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)\\le K_n \\sum_{i=1}^n d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)_i^z, \\quad x_1,\\cdots,x_n,z \\in X,\\] for some constant \\(K_n \\in [0,1]\\), the minimum possible \\(K_n^*\\) is called optimal (or best) constant.\\par In Section 2 of the paper, several examples of \\(n\\)-distances are given with their optimal constants when possible, or an interval enclosing the best constant. \\par Section 3 deals with the so-called partial simplex inequality, that is an inequality of the form \\[ d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)\\le K_{n,k}\\sum_{i=1}^k d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)_i^z, \\quad x_1,\\cdots,x_n,z \\in X,\\] for some \\(k\\in \\{2,\\cdots,n-1\\}\\) and some \\(K_{n,k}>0\\); as before \\(K_{n,k}^*\\) denote the optimal constant. Some relations between \\(K_n^*\\) and \\(K_{n,k}^*\\) are proved for specific \\(n\\)-distances.\\par Section 4 presents additional properties for certain subclasses of \\(n\\)-distances.\\par The notion of multidistance is presented in Section 5: a multidistance on \\(X\\) is a function \\(d:\\bigcup_{n\\ge 2} X^n \\to \\mathbb{R}_+\\) such that\\par (i) \\(d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)=0\\) if \\(x_1=\\cdots =x_n\\);\\par (ii) \\(d_{\\vert X^n}\\) is invariant under any permutation of its arguments;\\par (iii) \\(d(x_1,\\cdots,x_n)\\le \\sum_{i=1}^n d(x_i,z)\\) for all \\(x_1,\\cdots,x_n,z \\in X\\).\\par Relations between multidistances and \\(n\\)-distances are proved.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$9D9C7E70-7F7E-451C-AC60-B257FBE3B8BC","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"4c3054560e9976a6188a5e979203254f8da683d8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590185,"id":"Q590185"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$6F7171C9-E42E-42D4-972E-65121B0F1417","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9e5da3a44a6865fa2cb8e31e2f51d7e1c349146a","datavalue":{"value":"51K05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$B60F6383-2ACB-4502-90BE-3554B0463207","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"c69edc5dd93f0d88219bfa94f3625e12824faece","datavalue":{"value":"7254849","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$5FD6EE65-7186-42AA-9FDF-C7E36E3ADCB1","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5c20e9bcc10ba10b6b5258134efb31fe9b8fd800","datavalue":{"value":"\\(n\\)-distance","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$B5D4CC04-1E2C-4FA3-8F0E-6FC0A941F9BE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"470b50740388e7dfb9b51c12c59cf79734ab060b","datavalue":{"value":"standard \\(n\\)-distance","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$F3A53396-868A-4E88-94AA-3010FA925235","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8d4eeeddc03d8b923214bf7906e59373bab84724","datavalue":{"value":"multidistance","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$32AF4A71-2AE2-4E7D-B18A-D31E1594B1D5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bd7f0e0e70d2769f7c0ca65f68781f0cc6a08704","datavalue":{"value":"simplex inequality","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$60965142-2082-45E8-847D-D9F508511064","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$588623AA-E172-44D1-8CE4-7D2EB1CA6884","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"16a0aa5fdca3981aaf20224ab748daea9b2a3ccd","datavalue":{"value":"W3102263912","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$4BD26D6C-E89B-4EFE-BCCF-EDE70530A8E1","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a1858730beb3aae6b7a3301307b19f03ea74ab0a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2253743,"id":"Q2253743"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$6A675B9F-A620-4FFC-BA79-5B27E2837F65","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9678219c9a6d1f15564367597d3038ebe2e01e7c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5891479,"id":"Q5891479"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$06D86BF3-B170-4E18-899A-B858959C944F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c1e5b7d612be70bd51b03866bb63324a28839442","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5286518,"id":"Q5286518"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$E1A681A9-5896-409A-ADB7-3690E621E07B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8dd375e5b8ce50f8ce61f205a328dd887948eb4d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1646650,"id":"Q1646650"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$97E44C66-520E-4A2B-8F55-637F684F9405","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"752be3440fc91a88db8dedf52d35147600dde4f0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":533158,"id":"Q533158"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$61BCE195-8333-4FD5-8179-8C19366879A8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"377efb268825d4b05392cf108a79aec5e4f83c11","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4902353,"id":"Q4902353"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$998572D7-7542-4026-B55B-C15D8EAF16E3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a6c9851f91d12538a39f9e0b0298778cc45efdfb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3410667,"id":"Q3410667"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$B0876428-AA2A-4A81-B927-2BA372B833F3","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"bf0dd842ae34389ede856b1fb873a1d7873cce12","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S10474-020-01023-8","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2204109$62C8C3B3-8E79-4C7A-BCAA-BAAB14114FE9","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"61905f498a1884007fb276ea266eee48d6f763bc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1646650,"id":"Q1646650"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4fa3fc1f59f37d1565c76174724b7bc0ad716586","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8262232542037964","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2204109$41EAE3A5-76D7-4FD8-AA78-A9F93ADE9D9D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"60d178e3be1c9a7a18466a472a2abbe0c0c525b8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4902353,"id":"Q4902353"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"76ee14b45468b24386d2ad87ab7492990e17eac6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.816055953502655","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2204109$F54512C4-465E-4640-80CD-377EEA1CBAE4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e5449656093706ea406812b03d1d8327e06ae234","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2689456,"id":"Q2689456"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dfa0995c346c07167b8ca853be40a9956b8946cf","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7687230706214905","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2204109$8C7417CE-2C12-4925-AEAA-45FF0352CC87","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ac1c3beebbbec8d9614e43e8f93230195983d2cb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1759637,"id":"Q1759637"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9db76ee142b17dd7c0ecf8d2e45e28405ba5b685","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7682440280914307","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2204109$4301D5C0-802B-4B4B-A8A8-6A7C1291A301","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ccd6d827388e9a2e35ff94fc22bbdab58ea1de79","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":533158,"id":"Q533158"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"166b94f2452c11396b863c7e782e0c8c849297cd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7505971193313599","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2204109$C9E64F7A-22F1-4C41-B74F-AC9D972F8C56","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On the best constants associated with \\(n\\)-distances","badges":[]}}}}}