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Let \\(G\\) be a simple graph with \\(V(G)\\) the set of its vertices and \\(E(G)\\) the set of edges. We define the edge ring to \\(G\\) as \\[\\mathrm{Edr}(G):= \\mathbb{C}[t_{i}t_{j} \\, : \\, \\{i,j\\} \\in E(G)\\,, i,j \\in V(G)\\}.\\] Consider the surjective ring morphism  \\[\\mathbb{C} [x_{e} \\, : \\, e \\in E(G)] \\rightarrow\\mathrm{Edr}(G)\\] \\[x_{e} \\mapsto t_{i}t_{j},\\] where \\(e = \\{i,j\\} \\in E(G)\\). The kernel \\(I_{G}\\) of this morphism is the well-known edge ideal. The associated toric variety to the graph \\(G\\) is defined as  \\[\\mathrm{TV}(G) : =\\mathrm{Spec}(\\mathbb{C}[x_{e} \\, : \\, e \\in E(G) ] \\, \\backslash \\, I_{G}) =\\mathrm{Spec}(\\mathbb{C}[\\sigma^{\\vee}_{G}\\cap M]),\\]  where \\(\\sigma^{\\vee}_{G}\\) is called the dual edge cone. The edge ring \\(\\mathrm{Edr}(G)\\) is an integrally closed domain and hence \\(\\mathrm{ TV}(G)\\) is a normal variety. In the present paper the author focuses on the case where \\(G\\) is a bipartite graph and the main goal of the paper is to understand the first order deformations of \\(\\mathrm{TV}(G)\\). The main results of the paper provide certain criteria for the bipartite graph \\(G\\) such that the first oder deformation of \\(\\mathrm{TV}(G)\\) are all trivial, which means that \\(\\mathrm{TV}(G)\\) is rigid.   In the first step, the author describes the edge cone \\(\\sigma_{G}\\) associated to the toric variety \\(\\mathrm{TV}(G)\\). More precisely, the author shows a one-to-one correspondence between the set of extremal ray generators of the cone \\(\\sigma_{G}\\) and the so-called first independent set (see Definition 2.7 therein). Using this approach one can determine the faces of \\(\\sigma_{G}\\). For this, one defines a spanning subgraph \\(G\\{A\\} \\subset G\\) associated to the first independent set \\(A\\). It turns out that a set \\(S\\) of \\(d\\) first independent sets (or equivalently, a set of \\(d\\) extremal rays of \\(\\sigma_{G}\\)) spans a face of dimension \\(d\\) iff \\(\\bigcap_{A\\in S}G\\{A\\}\\) has \\(d+1\\) connected components. This result allows to prove that \\(\\mathrm{TV}(G)\\) is smooth in codimension \\(2\\)    The first main result of the paper, devoted to the rigidity, can be formulated as follows.   Theorem A. Let \\(G \\subseteq K_{n,m}\\) be a connected bipartite graph. Assume that the edge cone \\(\\sigma_{G}\\) admits a three-dimensional non-simplicial face. Then \\(\\mathrm{TV}(G)\\) is not rigid.   Moreover, we present the characterization of rigid affine toric varieties \\(\\mathrm{TV}(G)\\), where \\(G\\) has exactly one two-side first independent set \\(C = C_{1} \\sqcup C_{2}\\). In other words, one considers the connected bipartite graphs \\(G \\subseteq K_{n,m}\\), where we remove all the edges between two vertex sets \\(\\emptyset \\neq C_{1}\\subseteq U_{1}\\) and \\(\\emptyset \\neq C_{2} \\subseteq U_{2}\\), where \\(U_{1},U_{2}\\) are disjoint sets of the bipartite graph \\(G\\).   Theorem B. Let \\(G \\subseteq K_{n,m}\\) be a connected bipartite graph with exactly one two-side first independent set \\(C \\in \\mathcal{I}^{1}_{G}\\). Then   i) \\(\\mathrm{TV}(G)\\) is not rigid if \\(|C_{1}|=1\\) and \\(|C_{2}| = n-2\\), or if \\(|C_{1}| = m-2\\) and \\(|C_{2}| = 1\\);   ii) \\(\\mathrm{TV}(G)\\) is rigid, 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