{"entities":{"Q2230972":{"pageid":2241715,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2230972","lastrevid":57789942,"modified":"2026-04-02T13:16:00Z","type":"item","id":"Q2230972","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Nielsen equivalence and trisections"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7402686"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$43AB337D-981D-45FD-A804-98FF11231BD2","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"e929f208538b1a2b848b2726944973fde484a2c3","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Nielsen equivalence and trisections","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$4A9A61EC-A26D-46F7-BF3D-C5504BE17D5A","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"69150306848718a1d5d3d435b50eaa5322ec9a77","datavalue":{"value":"1480.57021","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$561B6912-D748-4579-AC36-424954380331","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5366bf4b9ce051f98563168d001c58e266685b1d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1656336,"id":"Q1656336"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$42E833B2-25E9-4589-8C01-580A7C3B2F39","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7b27d55f344dc6bfd48e3ff9582c04d67175a8a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":181320,"id":"Q181320"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$4438C2D9-F860-4228-A73E-394FB4D3343B","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"08f958bcd007d66f544d9bae915df1a118412385","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2021-09-29T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$E22D5DA8-76A5-4F9E-BF76-6D1BF9448CDD","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"6e59f0adc0e825821b463a9f590b41e6d745a536","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.06978","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$E2FCE402-2B74-4511-9E39-DA7B1BBF8723","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"1a88ec955c48056b29b3871bcb58f52eaf4f707a","datavalue":{"value":"\\textit{D. Gay} and \\textit{R. Kirby} [Geom. Topol. 20, No. 6, 3097--3132 (2016; Zbl 1372.57033)] proved that every smooth, closed, oriented, connected 4-manifold admits a trisection. This is a decomposition into three 4-dimensional handlebodies glued along their boundaries with triple intersection a closed connected surface. Any two trisections of the same 4-manifold become isotopic after some number of stabilizations, an operation that increases the genera of the trisection pieces. The article under review proves the existence of 4-manifolds with non-equivalent trisections of minimal genus. More precisely, for every \\(k\\geq 2\\), there are infinitely many manifolds with \\(2^k-1\\) non-diffeomorphic trisections of minimal genus equal to \\(3k\\).  The main technique of this work is an algebraic invariant called the Nielsen class of the generating set of a group. Such an equivalence class is taken with respect to the elementary Nielsen transformations [\\textit{J. Nielsen}, Math. Ann. 91, 169--209 (1924; JFM 50.0078.04)]. Nielsen classes were used before in [\\textit{M. Boileau} et al., Ann. Inst. Fourier 41, No. 4, 1005--1024 (1991; Zbl 0734.57003); \\textit{M. Lustig} and \\textit{Y. Moriah}, Topology 30, No. 2, 191--204 (1991; Zbl 0726.55010)] to distinguish Heegaard splittings of the same 3-manifold. For a trisection of \\(X=X_1\\cup X_2\\cup X_3\\), there are three associated Nielsen classes of generators of \\(\\pi_1(x)\\) corresponding to \\(\\pi_1(X_i)\\), \\(i=1,2,3\\). The paper under review studies how the Nielsen classes of a given Heegaard splitting of a 3-manifold behave under Artin's spinning construction [\\textit{E. Artin}, Abh. Math. Semin. Univ. Hamb. 4, 174--177 (1925; JFM 51.0450.02)]. The main result states that spinning a Heegaard splitting induces a correspondence between the Nielsen classes.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$2230C4FE-CD7B-4CAD-802A-1C20BE0FFAE5","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"ff2853ed1a0d5842c01b4c2f843fdb1a060bad57","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2230971,"id":"Q2230971"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$40E0764C-8DEC-4945-A752-EC7543695CCB","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6f3e2f3913a74d8c2c615a6a91c8e75fcad226c0","datavalue":{"value":"57K40","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$A3DA8624-2BB5-48E7-B778-AC7085FF1D65","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"c6b4479e98e06ddb243a5d8bdb31793ac76b8c00","datavalue":{"value":"7402686","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$C0D3A143-E498-4839-9964-68A57D5B1892","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"858f725c4bcbe5494cd5a42aa68fc9a2ac9a3788","datavalue":{"value":"Nielsen equivalence","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$9A7A60DD-62EF-4457-816C-3553D1C25C53","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"82b025538679fada42b3c27a3fcfa11896518ca7","datavalue":{"value":"trisection","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$4D3F5BEA-6E6D-47BB-A5C6-2C096F84323A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"24240664096163d8cfcb61fce482677b4acc86e9","datavalue":{"value":"Heegaard splitting","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$8617E47D-DB39-4357-B891-C8B29A800DD3","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$246BDA04-DB9C-44EB-9092-88758DA588D9","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"9e3821851719d6701313c03a7ba4e39ba007c73f","datavalue":{"value":"W3135475550","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$7D5EB22A-106D-40BC-ADC8-366C33C4E795","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ae29522c9cd9a6dbde9e35cb8b0efc42c7254217","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":810938,"id":"Q810938"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$D501FE00-62C6-4FED-A16A-7E675C6516A1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"85f1ca1911f3fea6a561afa09d54a4f6d2509f76","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":793406,"id":"Q793406"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$3F50B18B-23F3-4816-9E0F-D375643AE66F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"32c6aeae56975e104b9459386a8328f10d115892","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3334635,"id":"Q3334635"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$A4B27935-48E8-4B2D-B247-FFE8EDE80556","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eec39a4d3ec28ae2d707f2308aaa9957b561ec5a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2529373,"id":"Q2529373"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$D9A15953-572E-4C20-B155-C47B8F76EAF6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e49434a2f9c93af76964ff748202797001b63573","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2541340,"id":"Q2541340"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$E10182E1-578B-4FC1-B7C8-D678B7CC073F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"659d1794fcc5bbc3e8556f674831924e92d9efe3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":511593,"id":"Q511593"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$655F836C-8843-4123-84CC-D1C691423056","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1f499a94b535a1f7fbce56fdeb76bd123d2ae240","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":728322,"id":"Q728322"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$9392E743-CC18-416C-AC43-6B5AC5AEBF9A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"be9cc6d2c6f21bb6ffd51727b5138d63594e1412","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":788340,"id":"Q788340"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$2F392B4F-9E68-4C91-B308-9613AB53BB78","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e8277b3c610b4df3af033159d89118970ad7c958","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2176713,"id":"Q2176713"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$5C6B1F08-1B48-4E5B-BB42-589670DEB824","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ed879532102f86f6f92b4591179ab8c46223106b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":848769,"id":"Q848769"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$EE7DDE77-247F-4C35-9E3E-B1F6DA83A57F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"67ab2cc984d9ac0879123f792bd7f5cecca79104","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5653384,"id":"Q5653384"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$D963C218-B2D8-4A6F-9268-1B291B9946E2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f3f52bf5e4d152a74226c6b4577b2a150a1d5ea1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":804006,"id":"Q804006"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$F77A6A98-DEA5-42CF-A2B1-2A09E463C6BB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"58f3a171da2c4271def1adf6171d74569fc3594e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3818492,"id":"Q3818492"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$202DFFDB-D3B6-42CB-86C3-32647F870FE1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1d73be12c964a425f02fa6cd224a27de0abd4142","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1727877,"id":"Q1727877"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$C80CC09B-B7FC-4347-90BF-12C3F2826762","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"626d16558c39913eb141c00f4b1df5eca25c5e3e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2821758,"id":"Q2821758"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$1D5AC8A1-5182-4184-BBA2-50FD13A1E8F4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"08d0f79c855f49f90a8c5c3102690d1822346df0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1292638,"id":"Q1292638"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$ADE2AA91-13DA-446F-A05C-86E021067617","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4458ae26052af7723c57e9af5e7769c9e979ec06","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3915159,"id":"Q3915159"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$5DAAEAAD-3810-4306-B2F0-43AF765BEA4C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"61c91c658ae9fbd37be3c4b8ac7a4312f0a79ee2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3387532,"id":"Q3387532"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$FF71DD0D-E7C6-4E49-966A-163B5660E857","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bf21d56277729395c6a9234cf3d18d24065a76ca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1318024,"id":"Q1318024"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$B81E03F4-3D43-48A2-9925-6424033FB15F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4499885d148d4009b6fe5ae1dd488f04130b6e0f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4751847,"id":"Q4751847"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$98C62689-0790-47D5-804D-FE5C301BD424","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bf5b3f0dab24fffa833588c2ec07891c398e6ccd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2527626,"id":"Q2527626"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$4915BFA4-CF5E-43F1-8F79-CFD29D104FAC","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"5492295be015e6ba5650b461f6b7697d1631a6e9","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S10711-021-00617-Y","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2230972$B8AAF057-8A6C-41FC-8646-1D34E802E10D","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"de95d442f8d5c6f108436a9808082b97be7a45cd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1727877,"id":"Q1727877"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f6f188f867395a30a0d38146d0cf0be7c6e13f0e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7707813382148743","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2230972$274FFB06-1BAA-4884-9DA9-F37B84C0F5CF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"842d1c032f820138ff76bb9344a01de7d0cb5c7a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2175887,"id":"Q2175887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"cd7007bb79126f4c9656074632aad516f82d868a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7697049379348755","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2230972$76EC3128-A715-435E-AA6D-A873DF28E08F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cadb006095bd556ad1e39d45a9ab79fab59c7d5d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":511593,"id":"Q511593"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"efe0f5054e2b3aa8729368ae8d7e956af2f44b56","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.767714262008667","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2230972$AFEB398D-C17B-435C-B2A1-EAF8F492850E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4c0c23885a09dc4a055f6e47790c8714259ca7a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5866507,"id":"Q5866507"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b002abc7bf9b3f24b41135f225c80c56cd95da39","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7488793134689331","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2230972$9340E036-470B-418A-828A-02BB8C3A63ED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2f28339099dcb3d6eec0e40c3b87d4bad293c89e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2356951,"id":"Q2356951"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"eabb88bd92e948dd2892b4f8b9ea8447fae667ef","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7455793023109436","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2230972$6C95BAEA-4066-48A1-89A8-AD6B1A3B943B","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2230972","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2230972"}}}}}