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Let \\(\\mathbf{l}_n\\) be the formal polynomial \\[ \\mathbf{l}_n(X)=X^{n} + \\mathbf{p}_1\\mathbf{X}^{n-1} + \\dots + \\mathbf{p}_{n-1}X + \\mathbf{p}_ n \\tag{2}. \\] Then \\( \\mathbf{l}_n : \\mathbb{C}\\to\\mathbb{B}\\) is called the scalar characteristic polynomial. The resolvent set \\( R \\) of this realization of \\(\\mathbf{l}_n \\) is the set of \\( \\lambda \\in \\mathbb{C}\\) for which \\( \\mathbf{l}_n(\\lambda ) \\) is invertible, and its spectrum \\( S \\) is \\( \\mathbb{C}\\setminus R \\). A function \\( \\mathbf{x}(t)=\\exp(t\\mathbf{a}) \\), \\( a\\in \\mathbb{B} \\), is a solution of (1) if and only if \\( \\mathbf{l}_n(a) =0\\), and the spectrum of any such \\( \\mathbf{a} \\) is denoted by \\( S(\\mathbf{a}) \\). It is stated that \\( S(\\mathbf{a})\\subseteq S \\).  The Cauchy function of (1) is the solution \\( \\mathbf{k}:\\mathbb{R\\to B} \\) of (1) satisfying the initial conditions \\( \\mathbf{k} ^{(j)}(0)=\\delta _{j,n-1}\\) for \\( j=0,\\dots,n-1 \\). It is stated that when \\( \\mathbf{a}_1,\\dots,\\mathbf{a}_n \\) are mutually distinct and commuting roots of \\( \\mathbf{l}_n(\\mathbf{a})=0 \\), then \\[ \\mathbf{k} (t) =\\sum_{j = 1}^n e^{ t\\mathbf{a} _j }\\prod _{1\\le k\\le n,k\\ne j}^n (\\mathbf{a}_ j - \\mathbf{a} _k )^{-1}. \\] Under additional assumptions, which include that \\( \\mathbf{a}_1,\\dots,\\mathbf{a}_n \\) are spectrally separated, it follows that the spectrum \\(S\\) is the union of the spectra of the \\( \\mathbf{a}_j \\), and the representation \\[ \\frac1{2\\pi i}\\int_{\\partial \\sigma } f (\\lambda ) \\mathbf{l}_ n(\\lambda )^{-1}d \\lambda =\\sum _{j = 1}^n f (\\mathbf{a}_ j)\\mathbf{c}_{jn} \\] holds for any function \\( f \\) which is (piecewise) analytic in an open neighbourhood \\( G \\) of \\( S \\) and where \\( \\partial \\sigma \\) is a contour in \\( R\\cap G \\) which encircles \\( S \\), and the \\( \\mathbf{c}_{ij} \\) are the entries of the inversere of the Vandermonde matrix of \\( 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