{"entities":{"Q2258055":{"pageid":2268798,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2258055","lastrevid":52214375,"modified":"2026-01-21T04:22:49Z","type":"item","id":"Q2258055","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Ramification jump in model extensions of degree \\(p\\)"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6410191"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$CFFA2D01-70BB-47E4-84C5-0A33E1404FB1","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"d426aa2d7a8f8108a819dfa01f506484c07d566c","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Ramification jump in model extensions of degree \\(p\\)","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$C14864E7-944D-47DE-926D-F28EAB541869","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"294d51301a80c361a369d92f85fa799f58b63b77","datavalue":{"value":"1317.14055","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$6FFFA99B-8D41-43A8-89EB-D94F72181FDC","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5ddecf28e572abcc3859f8d1f339df752a4bbf41","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2258054,"id":"Q2258054"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$AF5503F5-CB88-4140-83AC-4BF56208C683","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"17c447c8e76a3a0e73a2c70a024d9ee2f8256c04","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":195577,"id":"Q195577"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$5835C5B5-68B9-4975-8044-F44D7E921201","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"5c1f34cd617859aff4fbe92f8216861e04e26244","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2015-03-02T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$57391C20-D40B-4F9A-90E5-68A0AEA0770B","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"b8588256e159c2501e49a8c220158972b2ddb8dd","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(k\\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic \\(p>0\\). Consider an immersion \\(k[[t,u]] \\hookrightarrow k[[x,y]]\\) determined by two series \\(t(x,y)\\) and \\(u(x,y)\\). It gives rise to an extension of fields \\(L/K\\), where \\(L=k((x))((y))\\) and \\(K=k((t))((u))\\). An extension \\(L/K\\) is called a \\textit{model extension} if the following three conditions are satisfied: {\\parindent=8mm \\begin{itemize} \\item[(i)] \\(t(x,y)=\\delta(x,y) x^a\\), where \\(\\delta(x,y)\\) is an invertible series and \\(a\\) is a nonnegative integer; \\item [(ii)] \\(u(x,y) \\equiv \\varepsilon(y)y^b\\) (mod \\(x\\)), where \\(\\varepsilon(y)\\) is an invertible series and \\(b\\) is an integer nonnegative power of \\(p\\); \\item [(iii)] \\(\\det \\begin{pmatrix} \\frac{\\partial t}{\\partial x} & \\frac{\\partial t}{\\partial y} \\\\ \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial x} & \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial y} \\end{pmatrix} =\\gamma(x,y)x^T,\\) where \\(\\gamma(x,y)\\) is an invertible series, \\(T \\geq 0\\).   \\end{itemize}} We assume that the degree of \\(L/K\\) equals \\(p\\). Denote \\(\\mathcal{X}=\\mathrm{Spec} k[[t,u]]\\) and \\(\\mathcal{Y}=\\mathrm{Spec} k[[x,y]]\\). An embedding of rings induces an epimorphism of schemes \\(\\mathcal{Y} \\twoheadrightarrow \\mathcal{X}\\). Denote by \\(\\mathcal{R}_1\\) and \\(\\mathcal{R}_2\\) divisors that correspond to local parameters. For a positive integer \\(r\\), we denote by \\(T_r\\) the set of regular curves \\(\\mathcal{C}\\) on \\(\\mathcal{X}\\), passing through \\((0,0)\\), such that \\((\\mathcal{C}.\\mathcal{R}_1)=1\\) and \\((\\mathcal{C}.\\mathcal{R}_2)=r\\). For an irreducible curve \\(\\mathcal{C}\\) on \\(\\mathcal{X}\\), we define the \\textit{jet of order \\(n\\)} by \\(J_n(\\mathcal{C})=\\{\\mathcal{C}' : (\\mathcal{C}.\\mathcal{C}') \\geq n+1 \\}\\). For \\(\\mathcal{C} \\in T_r\\), we define the ramification jump \\(h_{\\mathcal{C}}(L/K)\\) as follows: Take its preimage on \\(\\mathcal{Y}\\) and denote it by \\(\\mathcal{C'}\\). If \\(\\mathcal{C}'\\) is reducible, then we set \\(h_{\\mathcal{C}}(L/K)=0\\). If \\(\\mathcal{C}'\\) is irreducible, then take a resolution of its singularity at \\((0,0)\\). Let \\(L_1\\) be a field of functions on a strict transform of \\(\\mathcal{C}'\\) in this resolution and \\(K_1\\) a field of functions on \\(\\mathcal{C}\\). The extension \\(L_1/K_1\\) is a separable extension of degree \\(p\\). Thus we set \\(h_{\\mathcal{C}}(L/K)\\) as the ramification jump of \\(L_1/K_1\\). Let \\(T_{r,n}=\\{J_n(\\mathcal{C}) : \\mathcal{C} \\in T_r \\}\\). There is an embedding \\(T_{r,n} \\hookrightarrow \\mathbb{A}_k^n\\), so that the Zariski topology on \\(T_{r,n}\\) is defined.  The author proves the following three theorems: {\\parindent=6mm \\begin{itemize}\\item[1.] For any \\(r \\geq 1\\), there exists \\(s\\) such that for all \\(\\mathcal{C} \\in T_r\\), \\(\\mathcal{D} \\in J_s(\\mathcal{C})\\), we have \\(h_{\\mathcal{C}}(L/K)=h_{\\mathcal{D}}(L/K)\\). Let \\(\\mathrm{su}_{1,r}(L/K)\\) be the minimal such \\(s\\). Then there is \\(N \\geq 0\\) such that for any \\(r\\), we have \\(\\mathrm{su}_{1,r}(L/K) \\leq Nr\\). \\item[2.] The supremum \\(h_r(L/K)=\\sup \\{ h_{\\mathcal{C}}(L/K) : \\mathcal{C} \\in T_r \\}\\) is finite. \\item[3.] Suppose \\(n > \\mathrm{su}_{1,r}(L/K)\\). Then for any \\(s \\geq 0\\), the set \\(\\{ \\mathcal{C} \\in T_{r,n} : h_{\\mathcal{C}}(L/K) \\leq s \\}\\) is closed in \\(T_{r,n}\\).   \\end{itemize}}","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$2B645045-9A8C-441E-8B04-6008EBE4E19D","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"08e59935dc4eb251216cf0e126666ca9cb8ab023","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":591015,"id":"Q591015"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$F9713DB0-50E6-461F-B3EC-18B9B89F0266","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2d47f0f7476488dd6b6b2436fba2dc33e26dfd17","datavalue":{"value":"14H05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$9CB9AEFD-45F5-4525-95A3-AF5979B97C75","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"a470ca3704d22da637e23b90becb1551cee1a253","datavalue":{"value":"11S05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$D9826A63-1958-47A3-ABB0-E51198D6F3DB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c81671e5be6090a702f855c20ca0c3c06f2c979d","datavalue":{"value":"11S15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$8200A0F7-B8ED-4AF5-B6B4-4C308392CF38","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"927be37c039040f8ceeada7985a7f70c0cbbb782","datavalue":{"value":"11S31","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$4C8C3C18-C7CC-4B8C-82E0-A7888B579458","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"f894b8bc42666e52f2d3e3dcc85b0300cff9753c","datavalue":{"value":"14E22","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$3E9639D5-8FD5-4234-BA89-157EE67C739D","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"ba13859230511764ecb734b46e8126a3715efaef","datavalue":{"value":"6410191","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$B49946A0-5184-4E9A-9EEC-05084EEED887","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"39f926f26a3abb0131eb08c5d1885e14b3cf7b8c","datavalue":{"value":"ramification","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$2AA029A4-DDAE-418A-A397-26E5AC53DC6B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2aaab3d8847179472aa7fd7608710ba87c5a9ef1","datavalue":{"value":"valuation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$503F8A31-FD36-46D9-8072-6EED7B90DDA1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"182f9c0a00ae3d2e923063cff802dd62a92092d1","datavalue":{"value":"complete discrete valuation field","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$2741198C-5A60-43B0-B389-ABEF63F26B14","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"95bbc27298cc75237fbf7e8f3c600f1fd949ea0c","datavalue":{"value":"model extension","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$279C72CA-A3E2-4BBE-A805-061BD0BF7843","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"79c86270e2052af073ed93b4b537376e78238196","datavalue":{"value":"jump","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$7D14D02C-BE31-4186-A093-39E5193B6869","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b6012a84f0aca857992c5ae7fc75e26423af3931","datavalue":{"value":"two-dimensional local rings","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$2C76E74B-D2B4-466E-9984-196BD24767B5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"26046c9aeea28c5a2061b98b0e7f1e393b0c0de0","datavalue":{"value":"jet","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$3578ED8D-F8BD-478C-85EC-B563E09EACDA","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$3E27FAF5-3B20-4D8E-9523-D97CCCB4D806","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"8c2f93bf9b697e52392511d2c6f14d8ad4ea4ee5","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10958-014-2055-0","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$4A0BAE4B-4132-4910-96F1-84E1B013E6E6","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"beb9569cb6da6b3222c69049a298f073128b1aad","datavalue":{"value":"W2087851088","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$E5EBFDC0-D143-4F70-A463-E964A4231C5A","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ea50fd2c0fa0e0bff12fd338ebf063de6ac4e3a6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4982817,"id":"Q4982817"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$0E01BA67-3CBC-4201-AACE-EE0DA197A991","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f40b93eb9e470c314c22948eab83721f0740b647","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1147770,"id":"Q1147770"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$BCFCC4E0-5CCA-41BB-8BC2-93B49A751B3B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a879a84a077383217b135f11938dde3cc0336e95","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5493442,"id":"Q5493442"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$C031603F-2C23-4A6B-BF69-653C47D04E36","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"441543bc31fdd3d88d5bf816a622602673451db7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4788761,"id":"Q4788761"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$3B3D4D1C-DEDD-46DD-B361-DE847BD104C5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b4fe81d934870da4ce48bc1b97276a377d0e662d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1759463,"id":"Q1759463"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$095AE7BC-035E-4BE7-8209-53150DC63F6E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f7bd22fdd540d1abe95ffee5bca2be550642a19d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3856855,"id":"Q3856855"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$08D03C7D-717B-48C0-ADB2-062A44E6F50F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"84264881d3bf73c768aec70390c3ecb5cbb96896","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5622336,"id":"Q5622336"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$95CC5F88-37B9-4150-B6AC-3D812B1920E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"87a858e59dc9bd2f19f44263b7b7a123a7a7461a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4829658,"id":"Q4829658"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$14906DA4-DF8C-406A-9188-24A2BC55656F","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"5049649537998fc72d5146a0dbd973fb224362aa","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S10958-014-2055-0","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2258055$90F2A994-CF9F-4CFC-9772-7B2C14C8F6CF","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"25c91860fb6826df8e6b867cea6eb09d4d0250d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4788761,"id":"Q4788761"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8d659861050f5d3d58083b63d1dd51018479b601","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8006258010864258","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2258055$0ADBA09A-9386-4504-99AE-D0FC23D75BC1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5f90a2f99275140aca63535c863adcc712b0c5ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3022110,"id":"Q3022110"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1d2fee407a32ae51cc55be120519c35514549274","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7605233192443848","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2258055$ABD657B4-7DDA-47DB-871F-9AB13F27A120","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6844d0cfb3680da22536ba72a5c7843ddf197a27","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2636367,"id":"Q2636367"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"246d04fd8ade34ad9578a544d6ab0be2758ede4d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7455169558525085","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2258055$2DE84C18-53EF-443C-AB28-B4958196EF90","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a40f26cc8f63caf4a4889319156ab928772f7bda","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2062738,"id":"Q2062738"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"55a2869706d9e7384bc274b7c82267604944c460","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7351114153862","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2258055$FF40154A-841B-49EA-ADA6-46AD35C5815B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5f49921ca516d450626de5af722167002f7e3765","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2259169,"id":"Q2259169"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"89e03f113170ea96fcdcd2dfcd94d29327901997","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7348062992095947","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2258055$5B97EBDA-A981-4A4C-8113-7E6595B3F15D","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2258055","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2258055"}}}}}