{"entities":{"Q2263148":{"pageid":2273891,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2263148","lastrevid":43779543,"modified":"2025-11-13T23:50:06Z","type":"item","id":"Q2263148","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Income modeling and balancing. A rigorous treatment of distribution patterns"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6416141"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$9685DCBA-1C82-4D66-B305-CC35164C6344","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"4cc1105ec511ca5b034e9f5547230776bff3a8dc","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Income modeling and balancing. A rigorous treatment of distribution patterns","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$5D6A5E74-D027-41FA-BBFE-89604490F284","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"ce30219d140ba18a204797240feba265dda390ac","datavalue":{"value":"1314.91007","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$A6BF7DA9-7811-4B17-BC41-226BFC084B5B","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"bcf39c6e9dc55e986fd654bbb6e2f376d485d36e","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/978-3-319-13224-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$55BD7107-14DD-4DF8-B90E-28613BD3CDC0","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"af479717736acc4bc54933ffe822ea7c58174f3d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":805640,"id":"Q805640"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$28439FDA-4F76-4D99-8E7C-3813F22D8725","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"aa2e0f011eab1bfbbdd379e3f5663e5ddb98151d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":808677,"id":"Q808677"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$9B0C076A-2068-4D0E-BA04-37DFFBE1FC7F","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"b71fd13bb50727ff0e6862586a62b4839b90827d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":162392,"id":"Q162392"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$FA196E61-2719-4BCB-BA8E-A499DF618FF0","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"19d34c79dcb21ff5f6ae9d83e7c1b224cf605fc5","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2015-03-17T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$A74E1E13-FDB9-4D0F-BE3F-C2D0A934283A","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"83e7472323f88b393827589b8f8464c79581afd3","datavalue":{"value":"The book gives a rigorous treatment of income modeling and balancing. The topic is related to scientific questions in theoretical economics, applied mathematics, politics and sociology. A key concern here is that unbalanced income distribution produces social problems instead of progress. The central tool for studying income distribution -- the Lorenz curve -- appears in both parts of the book.  Part 1 (Lorenz curves, orders and redistribution) introduces several key concepts, like generalized inverse of a distribution function (Chapter 2), Lorenz densities and Lorenz curves (Chapter 3), partial orders (Chapter 4), transfer and distribution approximation (Chapter 5). The last chapter of this part (Chapter 6) elaborates on the Atkinson theorem. This theorem allows interpretations which are important for a better understanding of the social and income structure of a society.  Part 2 (Lorenz curves and models) considers Pareto distribution and self-similarity (Chapter 7) and deals with issues like proportionality-induced distribution laws (Chapter 8), preferences and coalitions (Chapter 9).  The book is useful for academics and professionals in the field of economy, applied mathematics and policy. Since behind mathematical formulas we find the issue of social inequality, the reading is very actual in the context of the contemporary processes of globalization and regionalization and their coexistence with the democracy.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$331BCB22-43BB-474B-9024-FB28A1190648","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"5f7441be64b8499c70b7e03f07a670da8ab6fb7c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":589935,"id":"Q589935"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$36871F4E-C940-4618-A542-1F8DD9B33B30","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"dccdbd0e62d4e76222cc72ffd93ed1b71c389e37","datavalue":{"value":"91-02","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$4EEFDF94-BF33-4620-AF8E-686A2ADC22E2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b7b5d210ccf30ae4c3a1a1262f928f15988911a0","datavalue":{"value":"91B15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$D87E062F-EFC1-483E-81F5-94EF0BAB8FED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6f8dd48613c31a68784dfc4a3b5fc6723376a69a","datavalue":{"value":"91B82","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$FDE0655A-09AC-4A1F-B6C7-0BE26AB7D6AA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8870b017b691dbd9bcd9556348d62c7ddfe0d8e5","datavalue":{"value":"91B64","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$210BDDCB-724C-4D39-9D5F-3D2B136CAC03","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5ff603baad6e626164b90c8b8447bf06d7701153","datavalue":{"value":"62P20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$95B672D8-3322-4FB5-90D8-A3D4B188E4D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"58591a8ac1354bf12129571c1d7757e1ee3beef9","datavalue":{"value":"62G07","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$563F61DC-5CF2-4A41-A406-1F4AC54215A9","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"1c4b5209ab419c796ad09137d5a0a1e83fb7178f","datavalue":{"value":"6416141","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$F51933F0-D24F-4DCE-B372-E79EFFEEF56E","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"58b6fa02ab87332db927e717c6bcef8d784c264d","datavalue":{"value":"welfare economics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$A9731EB2-58D5-4E90-8290-0CD121559105","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4c7d39604c3b75a7035ec5f27c9227b243e3c5c2","datavalue":{"value":"Lorenz curve","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$42C7D6B9-192E-4B48-8691-DBB3F7F83FB8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d2e9aed3a05fdfec9342526a3b48e7331cf08824","datavalue":{"value":"Gini index","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$7BFCE433-4CE3-4D37-AC29-20383A199C12","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"157b5bb591476d0b24ec8089d483d29f8694ac5b","datavalue":{"value":"Pareto distribution","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$88EEE161-CC43-48F2-9175-3B22A2B5803C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0517124318a4fd1272f5670d020af6078b7d83ec","datavalue":{"value":"Atkinson theorem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$5D858D2E-5B33-4AA1-8D2B-6D447F151D6A","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$BD30CDEE-2D86-4730-AACF-03F997794625","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"401047e71e6c9e0051f5b2d407381c6410ba099e","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13224-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$49173A4A-68A9-457B-96C3-921D09273E87","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"d0ec88297da70b21c6822e966297814e2488a71d","datavalue":{"value":"W2506241183","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2263148$0B26C281-CD73-4ACE-898A-29BC9B8E1A7E","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"210173b30f8e007be96724c2d1baec9324669b39","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5302350,"id":"Q5302350"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"49f9bbab4738a17f609c3943a2adfca5822c6bc8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8764016","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2263148$1469740A-E297-4FC8-987A-8D348E9F796F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a73270caab3e5b481e1c31b9bbc3fc7f78abbcd1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3417980,"id":"Q3417980"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"59446d777de70d7a97797619057e5e6d26c817ee","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.874673","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2263148$78507883-FBB6-488B-9776-CD782B32DB7D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b1e1e1288c6cffce1c374fe823506fbe85cf70e6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4713266,"id":"Q4713266"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4be4204c5f4bb6974e974c4f50bc1ac94bb4bc82","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8708184","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2263148$35BAA700-5C8C-4054-A65D-7FA7F0182382","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a1a122b9ba282e73e753c99e9a803dfebfe93b01","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4311482,"id":"Q4311482"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b735fd2130cb4cf2af947f303a5a8e66c437f9b9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8683009","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2263148$63961780-3774-43B3-AD9C-992A3E68AC84","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"01f72419cdd0aed28fb0f0ed6d47eb1ba4cce38d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3400604,"id":"Q3400604"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dd3ebf435bf100fe9ce8311427f0dd912dd27f25","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8646075","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2263148$A4F9270F-1EA7-44E4-B5C3-B9D9A208186D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ba4b4ec43cac6edc455c0a4cec7229d58777f731","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4231146,"id":"Q4231146"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3e7a5bfb8b6409b644d2e21e14ee62cd44613f00","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8646074","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2263148$865C5046-428A-45A7-9515-E54A1A5524B0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1161a4e094332151b95650cb7440d15f2cf0be77","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3065357,"id":"Q3065357"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9143501ad81420c7ac1aa136974dc3d8070aef58","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8596637","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2263148$AFFFEC66-937B-4D50-B6FB-66B965AC6F2B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f4aba4cad0e1753f24d066b68b61b5a7eda1af43","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":790027,"id":"Q790027"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"be7418678a697f868461dd33168ff78e7d04ed6d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.85937685","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2263148$345CD818-7AB2-4871-BC19-4DCA88DF3EBA","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2263148","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2263148"}}}}}