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The author introduces a theory of primary decomposition for uniformly finite left \\(R\\)-modules, that is, modules whose factor modules all have finite uniform (Goldie) dimension. This theory coincides with the classical Lasker-Noether theory when \\(R\\) is commutative Noetherian.   Here is a brief description: two left \\(R\\)-modules \\(M_1\\) and \\(M_2\\) are called essentially equivalent, denoted \\(M_1\\sim_{\\text{e}}M_2\\), if there exist essential submodules \\(L_1\\subseteq_{\\text{e}}M_1\\), \\(L_2\\subseteq_{\\text{e}}M_2\\) with \\(L_1\\cong L_2\\). The equivalence class of a left \\(R\\)-module \\(M\\) under \\(\\sim_{\\text{e}}\\) is denoted by \\([M]\\), and the set \\(\\text{l.spec}(R):=\\{[U]\\mid U\\in R\\text{-mod},\\;U\\text{ uniform}\\}\\) is called the left spectrum of \\(R\\), its elements are called left primes. This terminology reflects the well-known 1-1 correspondence between prime ideals and isomorphism classes of injective indecomposable modules over a commutative Noetherian ring. Furthermore, \\(\\text{As}_R(M):=\\{[U]\\in\\text{l.spec}(R)\\mid U \\subseteq M,\\;U\\text{ uniform}\\}\\) is called the set of associated left primes of the module \\(M\\), and a submodule \\(N\\) is called primary, specifically \\(X\\)-primary, if \\(\\text{As}_R(M/N)\\) consists of a single element \\(X\\).   It is proved that each proper submodule \\(N\\) of a uniformly finite left \\(R\\)-module \\(M\\neq 0\\) has a primary decomposition, \\(N=\\bigcap_{i=1}^sN_i\\), with \\(\\text{As}_R(M/N_i)=\\{X_i\\}\\) and \\(\\text{As}_R(M/N)\\subseteq\\bigcup_{i=1}^s\\{X_1,\\dots,X_s\\}\\), and that the decomposition is shortest (i.e., no such intersection with fewer terms can be found), iff \\(|\\text{As}_R(M/N))|=s\\). A shortest primary decomposition \\(N=\\bigcap_{i=1}^sN_i\\) is called maximal, if, given another shortest primary decomposition \\(N=\\bigcap_{i=1}^sN_i'\\) with \\(\\text{As}_R(M/N_i)=\\text{As}_R(M/N_i')\\) and \\(N_i\\subseteq N_i'\\), \\(1\\leq i\\leq s\\), then \\(N_i=N_i'\\) for all \\(i\\). The author describes how shortest primary decompositions can be obtained for any submodule of a uniformly finite module, and the construction makes it clear that these decompositions are highly non-unique. The same holds for maximal shortest uniform decompositions (i.e., each \\(M/N_i\\) is uniform) of \\(N\\) in 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