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Atiyah} [Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes \u00c9tud. Sci. 68, 175--186 (1988; Zbl 0692.53053); Turk. J. Math. 21, No. 1, 1--7 (1997; Zbl 0890.57019)] and \\textit{G. Segal} [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. A, Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 359, No. 1784, 1389--1398 (2001; Zbl 1041.81094)] is a symmetric monoidal functor from \\(\\mathrm{Bord}_{n}\\) to vector spaces, providing topological invariants of manifolds in particular. TQFT with defects can provide finer invariants and a far and away richer theory.  It is completely classical that \\(2\\)-dimensional \\textit{closed} TQFTs are equivalent to commutative Frobenius algebras [\\textit{J. Kock}, Frobenius algebras and 2D topological quantum field theories. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2004; Zbl 1046.57001)]. By allowing labelled boundaries, one ascends to \\textit{open/closed} TQFTs \\(\\mathcal{Z}^{\\mathrm{oc}}\\)\\ [\\textit{C. I. Lazaroiu}, Nucl. Phys., B 603, No. 3, 497--530 (2001; Zbl 0983.81090)], which are known to be equivalent to a commutative Frobenius algebra (which \\(\\mathcal{Z}^{\\mathrm{oc}}\\)\\ assigns to \\(\\boldsymbol{S}^{1}\\)) together with a \\textit{Calabi-Yau category} (whose \\(\\mathrm{Hom}\\) are what \\(\\mathcal{Z}^{\\mathrm{oc}}\\)\\ does to intervals with labelled endpoints) and certain relations between the two. As far as all known examples of open/closed TQFTs\\ are concerned, it is only the Calabi-Yau category that matters, the Frobenius algebras being recovered as its Hochshild cohomology [\\textit{K. Costello}, Adv. Math. 210, No. 1, 165--214 (2007; Zbl 1171.14038)]. This means that the transition from \\(2\\)-dimensional closed to open/closed TQFTs is from algebras to categories.  This naturally leads us to consider \\(2\\)-dimensional defect TQFTs, of which closed and open/closed flavors are special cases. Every \\(2\\)-dimensional defect TQFT naturally gives rise to pivotal \\(2\\)-category [\\textit{A. Davydov} et al., Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 83, 71--128 (2011; Zbl 1272.57023)], subsuming B-twisted sigma models [\\textit{A. C\u0103ld\u0103raru} and \\textit{S. Willerton}, New York J. Math. 16, 61--98 (2010; Zbl 1214.14013)], symplectic manifolds and Lagrangian correspondences [\\textit{K. Wehrheim}, Assoc. Women Math. Ser. 6, 3--90 (2016; Zbl 1396.57044)] and affine Landau-Ginzburg models [\\textit{N. Carqueville} and \\textit{D. Murfet}, Adv. Math. 289, 480--566 (2016; Zbl 1353.18004)].  The notion of defect TQFT generalizes to arbitrary dimension in principle. An \\(n\\)-dimensional defect TQFT should be a symmetric monoidal functor \\[ \\mathrm{Bord}_{n}^{\\mathrm{def}}\\rightarrow\\mathrm{Vect}_{k} \\] where \\(\\mathrm{Bord}_{n}^{\\mathrm{def}}\\)\\ is some suitably augmented version of \\(\\mathrm{Bord}_{n}\\)\\ allowing decorated submanifolds of various codimensions. Such TQFTs are expected to be described by \\(n\\)-categories with additional structure [\\textit{A. Kapustin}, in: Proceedings of the international congress of mathematicians (ICM 2010), Hyderabad, India, August 19--27, 2010. Vol. III: Invited lectures. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific; New Delhi: Hindustan Book Agency. 2021--2043 (2011; Zbl 1233.57018)], but details have not been worked out for \\(n>2\\), nor even a precise definition of defect TQFT has appeared in the literature for \\(n>2\\). The principal objective in this paper is to remedy both issues for \\(n=3\\), paving the way to still higher dimensions.  Inspired constantly by Lurie's splendid work on the \\textit{cobordism hypothesis} [\\textit{J. Lurie}, in: Current developments in mathematics, 2008. Somerville, MA: International Press. 129--280 (2009; Zbl 1180.81122)], higher categories are predominant in \\textit{extended} TQFT, where decompositions along lower-dimensional subspaces promote \\(\\mathrm{Bord}_{n}\\)\\ itself to a higher category. This includes the classification of fully extended \\(3\\)-dimensional TQFTs valued in the \\(\\left(\\infty,3\\right)\\)-category of monoidal categories by spherical fusion categories [\\textit{C. L. Douglas} et al., ``Dualizable tensor categories'', Preprint, \\url{arXiv:1312.7188}], the classification of \\(3\\)-\\(2\\)-\\(1\\) extended TQFTs valued in \\(2\\)-Vect by modular tensor categories [\\textit{B. Barlett} et al., ``Modular categories as representations of the 3-dimensional bordism 2-category'', Preprint, \\url{arXiv:1509.06811}], and the work on boundary conditions and surface defects [\\textit{J. Fuchs} et al., Commun. Math. Phys. 321, No. 2, 543--575 (2013; Zbl 1269.81169); \\textit{A. Kapustin} and \\textit{N. Saulina}, Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 83, 175--198 (2011; Zbl 1248.81206)]. Although extended TQFTs assume higher categories and higher functors from the outset, this paper contends that a defect TQFT is an ordinary symmetric monoidal functor, while everything leading to higher-categorical structures is contained in an augmented bordism category.   This paper consists of four sections. The authors claim that the most conceptual and economic way of systematically studying \\(3\\)-dimensional defect TQFT is through the notion of defect cobordism, which is introduced in \\S 2.1. Roughly speaking, defect bordisms are bordisms coming with a stratification whose \\(1\\)-, \\(2\\)- and \\(3\\)-strata are decorated by a choice of label sets \\(\\mathbb{D}\\). Defect morphisms form the morphisms in a symmetric monoidal category \\(\\mathrm{Bord}_{3}^{\\mathrm{def}}\\left(  \\mathbb{D}\\right)  \\), whose objects are compatibly decorated stratified closed surfaces. \\S 3 defines a \\(3\\)-dimensional defect TQFT to be a symmetric monoidal functor \\[ \\mathcal{Z}:\\mathrm{Bord}_{3}^{\\mathrm{def}}\\left(  \\mathbb{D}\\right)\\rightarrow\\mathrm{Vect}_{k} \\] It is well known that every weak \\(2\\)-category is equivalent to a strict \\(2\\)-category, but the corresponding statement does not hold for the \\(3\\)-dimensional case [\\textit{R. Gordon} et al., Coherence for tricategories. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (1995; Zbl 0836.18001)]. As is reviewed in \\S 3.1, the generically strictest version of a \\(3\\)-category is what is called a \\textit{Gray category}. The following main result (Theorem 3.12 and Theorem 3.13) is established in \\S 3.3 and \\S 3.4.  Theorem. Every \\(3\\)-dimensional defect TQFT \\(\\mathcal{Z}:\\mathrm{Bord}_{3}^{\\mathrm{def}}\\left(  \\mathbb{D}\\right)  \\rightarrow\\mathrm{Vect}_{k}\\)\\ gives rise to a \\(k\\)-linear Gray category with duals \\(\\mathcal{T}_{\\mathcal{Z}}\\).  The Gray category \\(\\mathcal{T}_{\\mathcal{Z}}\\)\\ is an invariant associated to \\(\\mathcal{Z}\\)\\ measuring among other things how closed \\(3\\)-dimensional TQFTs associated to unstratified bordisms are glued together. Roughly speaking, the idea behind the construction of \\(\\mathcal{T}_{\\mathcal{Z}}\\)\\ is to directly transport the decorated structure of bordisms in \\(\\mathrm{Bord}_{3}^{\\mathrm{def}}\\left(  \\mathbb{D}\\right)  \\)\\ into the graphical calculus for Gray categories with duals [\\textit{J. W. Barrett} et al., ``Gray categories with duals and their diagrams'', Preprint, \\url{arXiv:1211.0529}].  \\S 4 gives three classes examples of \\(3\\)-dimensional defect TQFTs. In the first example the authors argue that even the trivial TQFT leads to an interesting tricategory, seeing how the trivial defect functor adds relations producing a \\(3\\)-groupoid from the free pre-\\(2\\)-category \\(\\mathcal{F}_{d}^{p}\\mathbb{K}^{\\mathbb{D}}\\)\\ associated to given defect data \\(\\mathbb{D}\\) (\\S 4.1). In the second example the authors consider the Reshetikhin-Turaev theory [\\textit{N. Reshetikhin} and \\textit{V. G. Turaev}, Invent. Math. 103, No. 3, 547--597 (1991; Zbl 0725.57007)] associated to a modular tensor category \\(\\mathcal{C}\\), which can be regarded as a special class of defect TQFTs \\(\\mathcal{Z}^{\\mathcal{C}}\\)\\ with only \\(1\\)-dimensional defects (\\S 4.2). In the last subsection (\\S 4.3) the authors exploit the work on homotopy quantum field theory [\\textit{V. Turaev} and \\textit{A. Virelizier}, Int. J. Math. 23, No. 9, 1250094, 28 p. (2012; Zbl 1254.57012)]  to construct two classes of \\(3\\)-dimensional defect TQFTs for every \\(G\\)-graded spherical fusion category, obtaining interesting surface defects which allows of extending Turaev-Viro theories to defect TQFTs.  The authors conclude \\S 1 (introduction and summary) by providing five topics for future study.  \\begin{itemize} \\item[1.] It would be interesting to compare the approach in this paper with the correspondence between TQFTs and higher categories in [\\textit{S. Morrison} and \\textit{K. Walker}, Geom. Topol. 16, No. 3, 1481--1607 (2012; Zbl 1280.57026); Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108, No. 20, 8139--8145 (2011; Zbl 1256.18007)].  \\item[2.] The approach in this paper enables one to extend Reshetikhin-Turaev theory to produce not only invariants for \\(3\\)-dimensional manifolds with embedded ribbons but also with embedded surfaces.  \\item[3.] It was argued in [\\textit{A. Kapustin} et al., Nucl. Phys., B 816, No. 3, 295--355 (2009; Zbl 1194.81224); \\textit{A. Kapustin} and \\textit{L. Rozansky}, Commun. Number Theory Phys. 4, No. 3, 563--549 (2010; Zbl 1220.81169)] that Rozansky-Witten theory gives rise to a \\(3\\)-category \\(\\mathcal{T}^{\\mathrm{RW}}\\)\\ bringing together algebraic and symplectic geometry. It would be interesting to comprehend \\(\\mathcal{T}^{\\mathrm{RW}}\\)\\ as a Gray category with duals.  \\item[4.] There is a theory of orbifold completion of pivotal \\(2\\)-categories [\\textit{N. Carqueville} and \\textit{I. Runkel}, Quantum Topol. 7, No. 2, 203--279 (2016; Zbl 1360.18007)] generalizing certain group actions on \\(2\\)-dimensional TQFTs via the algebraic language of defects and leading to new equivalences of categories [\\textit{N. Carqueville} et al., J. Pure Appl. Algebra 220, No. 2, 759--781 (2016; Zbl 1333.18004); \\textit{N. Carqueville} and \\textit{A. Quintero Velez}, ``Calabi-Yau completions and orbifold equivalences'', Preprint, \\url{arXiv:1509.00880}]. The idea of orbifold completion applies to TQFTs of any dimension \\(n\\)\\ and should be developed for \\(n=3\\), which would bring new TQFTs.  \\item[5.] \\(3\\)-dimensional TQFTs have applications in quantum computing, where orbifoldable group actions have received much attention. The approach in this paper would offer a robust and conceptual framework for generalizations of these constructions. 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