{"entities":{"Q2333957":{"pageid":2344700,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2333957","lastrevid":78663458,"modified":"2026-05-06T12:08:36Z","type":"item","id":"Q2333957","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Degree reduction of \\(S-\\lambda\\) curves using a genetic simulated annealing algorithm"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7129655"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$B9ECC92D-39EA-4A80-A63F-065E146BCF91","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"d312a305a62e7c147218f4c0dd105ed32b67108d","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Degree reduction of \\(S-\\lambda\\) curves using a genetic simulated annealing algorithm","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$3C71DE7F-318D-4E2F-8485-294FC60A5428","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"60046230db0ab10997d38b4220604fad9806a105","datavalue":{"value":"1427.65023","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$D24BA55B-D91B-4A43-9CF5-545BA1857ACE","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"2fd49528638b54a3a0b32ae35900e6aa84758600","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":298268,"id":"Q298268"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$AC406839-A74E-4770-BBEF-A9A5C27F788E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"27736e9c2a0cc048df94de92d454606ece343cf8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1644496,"id":"Q1644496"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$2750A467-6006-4332-BC3F-7E803D99767A","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"536de48637c235d08fe3e176612e997aba7a2c18","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":83462,"id":"Q83462"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$DD232E5B-E45B-4C6B-9CF3-BA21442463D8","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"cce5560f694216ba99b4e4d50a7d9bab949bc76c","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2019-11-13T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$A588875F-100E-41F0-A048-29F8148683D5","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"04971b87a9ddd2600b0a856a4cbb9f34aa6eec40","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: The \\(S-\\lambda\\) curves have become an important research subject in computer aided geometric design (CAGD), which owes to its good geometric properties (such as affine invariance, symmetry, and locality). This paper presents a new method to approximate an \\(S-\\lambda\\) curve of degree \\(n\\) by using an \\(S-\\lambda\\) curve of degree \\(n-1\\). We transform this degree reduction problem into the function optimization problem first, and then using a new genetic simulated annealing algorithm to determine the global optimal solution of the optimization problem. The method can be used to approximate \\(S-\\lambda\\) curves with fixed or unconstrained endpoints. Examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the presented algorithm; and these numeric examples show that the algorithm is not only easy to implement, but also offers high precision, which makes it valuable in practical applications.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$F73F489D-DB6C-4689-BD89-18E5D09770FC","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c3c11b4523fc20aa9b011d6ea0da2ee6887bfb1a","datavalue":{"value":"65D17","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$FAB6D2CE-3912-4207-A289-1EBC1D12A28A","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"deb06447f84e4c9ba3bee3745bc13b81b8bad198","datavalue":{"value":"7129655","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$A80667FA-1BF6-4F57-AC03-B818EBDFDE4A","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bc84523e41a1c93f98d4ea541c8bba23fa54716d","datavalue":{"value":"constraints","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$BD86C725-1A77-45D9-A2C4-942851F88700","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9d34c072774abef6585e512b09e2a063ee27bac7","datavalue":{"value":"degree reduction of curve","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$98F71E2C-F421-4498-A2AD-BFD44C975128","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8e363c30e356016ec8cbf08a5f59740be94a4a14","datavalue":{"value":"genetic simulated annealing algorithm","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$0E528A67-26E0-4B85-A991-0A283D4F5766","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c27024bc3112e6fbf1cca0a9a4aacb8e7e4a77e0","datavalue":{"value":"optimization","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$3006F31D-BE29-42EA-A3B0-090413EFB899","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"570d8b6b37b49870c2a857ed60259276a61702fb","datavalue":{"value":"\\(S-\\lambda\\) curve","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$AEA892B9-D4C5-4EBB-B667-34C89338526A","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$AA0DD671-27AD-4545-803B-266493725389","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"121bb454203b314a4c4d13f95614bb0476f5165a","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11010015","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$3071F11E-93FA-4A82-A89F-0C5CA0E61965","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"998d44d758111430c4468a9689809a961b930637","datavalue":{"value":"W2905980054","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$A003D187-D98D-443A-8189-502E41DFADD9","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c251d0761919c15f8c590e13fb893846b5157b11","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5706502,"id":"Q5706502"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$2CD6E5AB-1AAA-4C02-95EF-7376E3723267","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6865eaf78676e939b0c98bfc427f97192b55452f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4723000,"id":"Q4723000"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$D7171C95-0D59-438B-BA57-F96DBB9A1664","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5419f3022c0d9c02ac78f01bec4e58c16a63c2c3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1103254,"id":"Q1103254"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$29CFF174-0446-483C-BD23-1F41E17B5F22","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"74de59bcb98f5ab9e464c989b460907722536c2d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2333852,"id":"Q2333852"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$50CADAD1-3DCC-4654-B229-0E0FF2505886","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"79cc3540e8da2446ad5ecf40be3f359087e4a6c2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2290166,"id":"Q2290166"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$0980F7E5-59AC-44D9-8ADF-BF873327CD78","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"895b708794c6f50e49e8af378ccd276a04773d95","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1605749,"id":"Q1605749"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$F8D14E4D-2E5B-481A-82B8-1A438DC30254","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"caabc14b7b601be279f72c37756fad4bc8195f62","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1146323,"id":"Q1146323"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$85D3AA6B-FB2D-498B-844D-F9ECB3E1159B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"37bf4265cd21f16f5ad19790f95376dcb3bd1c28","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4189609,"id":"Q4189609"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$D3B51E6F-43F6-4833-8EC1-5942FDC48CB3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"de069037bcde257342690a1d3257c70c034de24c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4350397,"id":"Q4350397"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$E6D4EB11-6900-41DE-A4D8-40020B2977E7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eba3f3f153a5cb8d945a9eb9cc5715f343c65e52","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2366705,"id":"Q2366705"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$1B87E3B5-6CE3-4AED-A6B2-872F1D65C42D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a37b49181f169b8d06f66cf0c3dabc30ee0ef635","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2569892,"id":"Q2569892"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$9BAEF537-CC17-4359-9BB8-9D56598755E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"73c94ce310a326b3eee888c03f29dc079cd0ceb4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5933478,"id":"Q5933478"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$D9ADAEC8-1336-4807-8EE5-C22E100F3351","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9eaf1e433fb9b5aaa7015fb99b253fb1befba0a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5903794,"id":"Q5903794"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$6A49289D-6A64-47FA-A3D7-1E1E6DBCD1AD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"60df344c6e37c6ba1fa1d4ce8704d5090916b95a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1605741,"id":"Q1605741"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$58C0D298-34C6-417A-BE0A-FE50C4E5E698","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"235552196d5158af726ce88cf643fef52997e004","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3500505,"id":"Q3500505"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$C0CD6D53-2373-4415-BBC3-C88A296FC421","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"70b67fd42657d463dc82fbbff0bf867ee9af7bea","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":628224,"id":"Q628224"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$E92D0104-BDF7-41A1-A8BF-C207363B1E26","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0ef034e1221fa6f42eb13c419e318512c9f1d0b8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2388551,"id":"Q2388551"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$553EFAF8-2576-45D4-87BC-F312F7287C6D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0f91062e3b99796c41b8f4b8aaa8e4dec57d5fe9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":733378,"id":"Q733378"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$39BE41FE-098C-446B-9CF1-7F2C73CEA410","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5c167efbc3c67b7d090681c6b706dc135ec24fd5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":733388,"id":"Q733388"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$47B22B86-6FD7-4A0B-90C7-953158A9EC98","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2f7efa90bfb71978f4ab6d71e04d649e309801fb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1632400,"id":"Q1632400"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$E51DDC6B-F415-46F6-A3B9-829891077584","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5f2b0536389669fe54ffc61a8681cfa8e57a63ff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":945366,"id":"Q945366"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$06C77EED-AD89-4BEE-A2E0-08B8920D4200","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f674948c32830fa9d872fec659f1fb3c68b32f51","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":950073,"id":"Q950073"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$DFD6C7FE-6BFA-4AC1-997F-747C353E2759","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"1bef82da692b58e6bfc7aa74c8395b1d99a88399","datavalue":{"value":"10.3390/SYM11010015","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$C53A6BF3-B87B-4071-8864-FF3B9A823D19","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7eb59c6c736ce3c52a1447bbaea3053a7a5411c7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5315750,"id":"Q5315750"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"452c0f98ed7db6f18a2e44648aab550cf4442fd4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7949175238609314","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2333957$DBF6E2DA-DC12-426B-96A6-215814F980A5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d5b7c41675dae114a4ed3c51e975663052b98991","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2143547,"id":"Q2143547"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7297723f92d9ee65fcf80481a7c8829d4b3893ba","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7863122224807739","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2333957$83798FE1-5B8A-4F72-AFA6-8B80508CE5CD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f02a98cc9bf7d3a5c5b20c6b920c730fb5eb697c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1793629,"id":"Q1793629"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ac04abb087acf5bfd1428aae176c8d0b7da28a44","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.783461332321167","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2333957$23ABDE8B-1AFC-4223-8FCF-D7DF67A4A1F7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7a858d11d8ccb9782738682d4743570fc56b64c3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3414265,"id":"Q3414265"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"71c49790ca3dca1614e013795bb7b4fd0e0b7058","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7813988924026489","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2333957$3F50421C-4EE0-4A98-9FC1-CC752BA35C92","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"222eb9c03fc81e82997391fd08671f30be07099f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2761615,"id":"Q2761615"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"41263b760c25011aeb6c8bf452e7442575b9804f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7776733636856079","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2333957$8E0E6385-7EFB-4100-9B95-28E15EA7FEFC","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2333957$92485836-7B59-4E14-BB4C-BE1E75E6B722","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Degree reduction of \\(S-\\lambda\\) curves using a genetic simulated annealing algorithm","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Degree_reduction_of_%5C(S-%5Clambda%5C)_curves_using_a_genetic_simulated_annealing_algorithm"}}}}}