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A link homotopy is a homotopy through link maps. The set  of link homotopy classes of spherical link maps \\(S^2 \\coprod S^2 \\to S^4\\) is denoted by \\(\\mathrm{LM}_{2,2}^4\\). For a link map \\((f_1, f_2): S^2 \\coprod S^2 \\to S^4\\), deforming it to a generic immersion and considering Wall's intersection invariant \\(\\lambda\\) valued in the group ring \\(\\mathbb{Z}[\\mathbb{Z}]\\), we obtain link homotopy invariants \\(\\sigma_i (f_1, f_2)=\\lambda (f_i, f_i)\\) \\((i=1,2)\\), called the Kirk invariants by the authors.  \\newline The main results are as follows. For the commutative ring \\(R=\\mathbb{Z}[z_1, z_2]/(z_1z_2)\\), \\(\\mathrm{LM}_{2,2}^4\\) is a free \\(R\\)-module of rank one, freely generated by the Fenn-Rolfsen link map \\(\\mathrm{FR}\\). Here, the link map \\(\\mathrm{FR}\\) is the first example due to Fenn and Rolfsen of a link map which is not link homotopically trivial. If a link map \\((f_1, f_2): S^2 \\coprod S^2 \\to S^4\\) has vanishing Kirk invariants \\(\\sigma_1 (f_1, f_2)=0=\\sigma_2 (f_1, f_2)\\), then \\((f_1, f_2)\\) is link homotopically trivial. The Kirk invariants give a short exact sequence of abelian groups \\(0 \\to \\mathrm{LM}_{2,2}^4 \\to {z \\cdot \\mathbb{Z}[z]} \\oplus {z \\cdot \\mathbb{Z} [z] }\\to \\mathbb{Z} \\to 0\\), where we use the addition map to \\(\\mathbb{Z}={z \\cdot \\mathbb{Z}[z]}/{z^2 \\cdot \\mathbb{Z}[z]}\\). Further, they give the following corollaries. If a link map \\((f_1, f_2): S^2 \\coprod S^2 \\to S^4\\) satisfies that \\(f_1\\) is an embedding, then it is link homotopic to the trivial link. For the set \\(\\mathcal{L}\\) of links in \\(\\mathbb{R}^3\\) with two components such that both components are unknotted and the linking number is zero, there is a certain additive map under connected sum, \\(\\mathrm{JK}: \\mathcal{L} \\to \\mathrm{LM}_{2,2}^4\\),  called the Jin-Kirk construction by the authors. It is known that for a link \\(L\\in \\mathcal{L}\\), the Kirk invariants of \\(\\mathrm{JK}(L)\\) are Cochran's \\(\\beta^i\\)-invariants of \\(L\\). They show that the map \\(\\mathrm{JK}: \\mathcal{L} \\to \\mathrm{LM}_{2,2}^4\\) is onto, and \\(\\mathrm{JK} (L)=0\\) if and only if certain Milnor invariants of \\(L\\) vanish.  \\newline In the proof, the authors establish a 4-dimensional version of an elementary link homotopy in 3-dimensions. They introduce a new notion of a basic link homotopy, called a Whitney homotopy. For an immersion \\(f\\) of \\(S^2\\), a Whitney sphere is embedded in the complement of the image of \\(f\\), constructed from four copies of a  Whitney disk. A Whitney homotopy is given by shrinking an embedded Whitney sphere to a point in the complement of \\(f\\) after applying the Whitney move.  \\newline In order to prove the main results, the authors consider a link map in standard position, and formulate the Standard Unlinking Theorem. For a link map \\((f_1, f_2): S^2 \\coprod S^2 \\to S^4\\), in order to shrink \\(f_2\\) in the complement of \\(f_1\\) by finitely many Whitney homotopies, they write \\([f_2] \\in \\pi_2(S^4 \\backslash f_1)\\) as a \\(\\mathbb{Z}[\\mathbb{Z}]\\)-linear combination of disjoint Whitney spheres. They describe the 4-manifold \\(S^4 \\backslash f_1\\) using Kirby calculus; in particular, they show that its intersection form is metabolic. They introduce the notion of an accessory sphere, which is an algebraic dual sphere of a Whitney sphere. And using the algebra of metabolic forms over the group ring \\(\\mathbb{Z}[\\mathbb{Z}]\\) and Freedman's disk embedding theorem, they prove a theorem called the Metabolic Unlinking Theorem, which gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a spherical link map to be homotopically trivial. 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