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If \\(R(G)=\\Hom(G,\\text{SL}(2,\\mathbb C))\\) is the set of all group homomorphisms from \\(G\\) to \\(\\text{SL}(2,\\mathbb C)\\), then it is defined (in the usual way) the \\(\\mathbb C\\)-algebra \\(\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)=\\{\\chi\\colon R(G)\\to\\mathbb C\\}\\) of all complex-valued functions of \\(R(G)\\). For any \\(x\\in G\\) it is defined the element \\(\\text{tr\\,}x\\in\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)\\) to be \\((\\text{tr\\,}x)(\\rho)=\\text{tr}(\\rho(x))\\) for any \\(\\rho\\in R(G)\\). The element \\(\\text{tr\\,}x\\) of \\(\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)\\) is called the Fricke character of \\(x\\in G\\). The group of automorphisms \\(\\Aut G\\) acts on \\(\\text{tr\\,}x\\) by \\(\\sigma\\cdot\\text{tr\\,}x=\\text{tr\\,}x^\\sigma\\), for any \\(\\sigma\\in\\Aut G\\).   Let \\(\\mathcal X(G)\\) be the \\(\\mathbb Z\\)-submodule of \\(\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)\\) generated by all \\(\\text{tr\\,}x\\) for \\(x\\in G\\). It is proved that \\(\\mathcal X(G)\\) is an ideal of \\(\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)\\). (More precisely it is proved [in \\textit{R. D. Horowitz}, Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 25, 635-649 (1972; Zbl 1184.20009)] that \\(\\mathcal X(G)\\) is the image of an ideal of \\(\\mathbb Z[t]\\) under the ring homomorphism \\(\\pi\\colon\\mathbb Z[t]\\to\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)\\), where \\(\\mathbb Z[t]\\) is the integral polynomial ring \\(\\mathbb Z[t]=\\mathbb Z[t_{i_1\\cdots i_l}\\mid 1\\leq l\\leq n,\\;1\\leq i_1<i_2<\\cdots<i_l\\leq n]\\) and \\(\\pi\\) is defined by \\(\\pi(1)=\\frac{1}{2}(\\text{tr\\,}1_G)\\), \\(\\pi(t_{i_1\\cdots i_l})=\\text{tr\\,}x_{i_1}\\cdots x_{i_l}\\).)   If \\(I=\\text{Ker}(\\pi)\\), then the quotient ring \\(\\mathbb Z[t]/I\\) (called by the authors the ring of Fricke characters of \\(G\\) over \\(\\mathbb Z\\)) can be considered as a subring of \\(\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)\\) and can be endowed with an \\(\\Aut(G)\\)-module action such that the induced, by \\(\\pi\\), homomorphism is \\(\\Aut(G)\\)-equivariant injective. Let \\(\\zeta\\colon\\Aut(G)\\to\\Aut(\\mathbb Z[t]/I)\\) be the induced homomorphism from the action above. It is proved [in \\textit{R. D. Horowitz}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 208, 41-50 (1975; Zbl 0306.20027)], in the case of the free group \\(F_n\\), that \\(\\text{Ker\\,}\\zeta=\\text{Inn}(F_n)\\). However, since \\(\\mathbb Z[t]/I\\) is not finitely generated, the representations \\(\\Aut(F_n)\\to\\Aut(\\mathbb Z[t]/I)\\) and \\(\\text{Out}(F_n)\\to\\Aut(\\mathbb Z[t]/I)\\) are not so easy to handle. For this reason the authors consider the rationalization of the situation above.   Let \\(\\mathcal X_{\\mathbb Q}(G)\\) be the \\(\\mathbb Q\\)-subspace of \\(\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)\\) generated by all \\(\\text{tr\\,}x\\), \\(x\\in G\\) and \\(\\mathbb Q[t]=\\mathbb [t_{i_1\\cdots i_l}\\mid 1\\leq l\\leq 3,\\;1\\leq i_1<i_2<\\cdots<i_l\\leq n]\\) be a rational polynomial ring of \\(n+{n\\choose 2}+{n\\choose 3}\\) indeterminates. Similarly, as above, are defined the homomorphism \\(\\pi_{\\mathbb Q}\\colon\\mathbb Q\\to\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)\\) with \\(\\text{Ker}(\\pi_{\\mathbb Q})=I_{\\mathbb Q}\\) and the homomorphism \\(\\zeta_{\\mathbb Q}\\colon\\Aut(G)\\to\\Aut(\\mathbb Q[t]/I)\\) induced from the action of \\(\\Aut(G)\\) on \\(\\mathbb Q[t]/I\\) observing that \\(\\text{Im}(\\pi_{\\mathbb Q})=\\mathcal X_{\\mathbb Q}(G)\\), although \\(\\text{Im}(\\pi)\\neq\\mathcal X(G)\\).   Setting \\(t'_{t_{i_1\\cdots i_l}}=t_{t_{i_1\\cdots i_l}}-2\\in\\mathbb Q[t]\\) they consider the ideal \\(J\\) of \\(\\mathbb Q[t]/I_{\\mathbb Q}\\) generated by the images of \\(t'_{t_{i_1\\cdots i_l}}\\) and reprove a result of \\textit{W. Magnus} [in Math. Z. 170, 91-103 (1980; Zbl 0433.20033)] that, for \\(n=3\\) the ideal \\(J\\) is \\(\\Aut(G)\\)-invariant (Lemma 4.3). Considering the descending filtration \\(J\\subset J^2\\subset J^3\\subset\\cdots\\) of \\(\\mathbb Q[t]/I_{\\mathbb Q}\\) the authors obtain finite dimensional representations \\(\\zeta_{k,\\mathbb Q}\\colon\\Aut(G)\\to\\Aut(\\text{gr}^k(J))\\), where \\(g^k(J)=J^k/J^{k+1}\\) and study relations among \\(\\text{tr}'x=\\text{tr\\,}x-2\\in\\mathcal F(R(G),\\mathbb C)\\), \\(x\\in G\\), which are useful in the proof of their main result. For any \\(k\\geq 1\\), let \\(\\mathcal E_G(k)=\\text{Ker}(\\Aut(G)\\to\\Aut(J/J^{k+1}))\\). So, it is defined a descending filtration \\(\\mathcal E_G(1)\\subset\\mathcal E_G(2)\\subset\\mathcal E_G(3)\\subset\\cdots\\) of \\(\\Aut(G)\\).   The rest of the paper is devoted to the study of this filtration. More precisely it is proved. Proposition: (5.3 in the paper) For any \\(k,l\\geq 1\\), \\([\\mathcal E_G(k),\\mathcal E_G(l)]\\subset\\mathcal E_G(k+l)\\). Namely that this filtration is central.   In the case where \\(G=F_n\\), the free group of rank \\(n\\), the authors study the group \\(\\mathcal E_n(1)=\\mathcal E_{F_n}(1)\\) and compare it with the Andreadakis-Johnson filtration. (For the definition and properties of Andreadakis-Johnson filtration they refer to [\\textit{S. Andreadakis}, Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., III. Ser. 15, 239-268 (1965; Zbl 0135.04502); \\textit{T. Satoh}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 361, No. 4, 2085-2107 (2009; Zbl 1171.20024); and \\textit{T. Satoh}, A survey of the Johnson homomorphisms of the automorphism groups of free groups and related topics, \\url{arXiv:1204.0876}].)   Their main results can be summarized in Theorem: (5.12 and 5.13 in the paper) (1) \\(\\mathcal E_n(1)=\\text{Inn\\,}F_n\\cdot\\mathcal A_n(2)\\). (2) \\(\\mathcal A_n(2k)\\subset\\mathcal E_n(k)\\).   Here \\(\\mathcal A_n(k)\\) is the \\(k\\)-term of Andreadakis-Johnson filtration. Namely the kernel of the homomorphism \\(\\Aut(F_n)\\to\\Aut(F_n/\\Gamma_n(k+1))\\), \\(\\Gamma_n(k+1)\\) being the \\(k\\)-term of lower central series of \\(F_n\\).   Some properties of the graded quotients \\(\\text{gr}^k(\\mathcal E_n)=\\mathcal E_n(k)/\\mathcal E_n(k+1)\\) are studied at the end of the paper and it is proved.   Theorem: (5.15 in the paper) For any \\(n\\geq 3\\), (1) each of \\(\\text{gr}^k(\\mathcal E_n)\\) is torsion free. 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