Bounds for global coefficients in the fine geometric expansion of Arthur's trace formula for GL(\(n\)) (Q2339735)

Let \(F\) be a number field with ring of adeles \(\mathbb{A}_F\) and let \(G\) be a reductive group defined over \(F\). Consider Arthur's trace formula for \(G\) \[ J_{\text{geom}}(f) =\sum_{\mathfrak{o}\in\mathcal{O}} J_{\mathfrak{o}}(f) =\sum_{\chi\in\mathfrak{X}} J_{\chi}(f) =J_{\text{spec}}(f) \] between the geometric and spectral side on some space of test functions \(f.\) Here \(\mathcal{O}\) denotes the set of certain equivalence classes which are parametrised by conjugacy classes of semisimple elements in \(G(F)\), and \(\mathfrak{X}\) is the set of spectral data for \(G(F)\). In [Can. J. Math. 38, 179--214 (1986; Zbl 0593.22015)], \textit{J. Arthur} obtained the following fine expansion for \(J_{\mathfrak{o}}(f)\): There exist coefficients \(a^M(\gamma, S)\in\mathbb C\) such that \[ J_{\mathfrak{o}}(f) =\sum_{M}\frac{\left|W^M\right|}{\left|W^G\right|}\sum_{\gamma} a^M(\gamma, S) J_M^G(\gamma, f) \] for all \(f\in C_c^{\infty}(G(\mathbb{A}_F)^1)\) and all finite sets of places \(S\) of \(F\) such that \(S\) is sufficiently large with respect to \(\mathfrak{o}\) and the support of \(f\). Here \(M\) runs over the finite set of Levi subgroups of \(G\) containing a fixed minimal Levi subgroup, and \(\gamma\in M(F)\cap \mathfrak{o}\) runs over a system of representatives of a certain equivalence relation. Further, \(W^G\) denotes the Weyl group of \(G\), and the distributions \(J_M^G(\gamma, f)\) can be defined as \(S\)-adic weighted orbital integrals. In general no formulas are known for the coefficients \(a^M(\gamma, S).\) The main goal of the paper under review is to give an upper bound for the absolute value of these coefficients (with respect to some fixed choice of measures) for Levi subgroups of \(\mathrm{GL}_n\) and arbitrary \(\gamma\). Let \(n\geq 1\) and let \(G=\mathrm{GL}_n\). Let \(\mathcal{L}\) be the set of all Levi subgroups \(M\subseteq G\) over \(F\) which contain the minimal Levi subgroup consisting of diagonal matrices. Let \(\mathcal{U}_M\) be the variety of unipotent elements in \(M\), and by \(\mathfrak{U}^M\) the finite set of \(M\)-conjugacy classes in \(\mathcal{U}_M\). Fix a finite set of places \(S\) of \(F\) containing all the archimedean places. The unipotent elements \(\mathcal{U}_G\subseteq G\) constitute exactly one equivalence class \(\mathfrak{o}_{\text{unip}}=\mathcal{U}_G(F)\in \mathcal{O}\). The distribution associated with \(\mathfrak{o}_{\text{unip}}\) is the unipotent distribution \[ J_{\text{unip}}=J_{\mathfrak{o}_{\text{unip}}}: C_c^{\infty}(G(\mathbb{A}_F)^1)\longrightarrow \mathbb C \] studied in [\textit{J. Arthur}, Can. J. Math. 37, 1237--1274 (1985; Zbl 0589.22016)]. There are uniquely determined numbers \(a^M(\mathcal{V}, S)\in\mathbb C\) for \(\mathcal{V}\in\mathfrak{U}^M\) such that \[ J_{\text{unip}}(f) =\sum_{M\in\mathcal{L}}\frac{\left|W^M \right|}{\left|W^G\right|} \sum_{\mathcal{V}\in \mathfrak{U}^M} a^M(\mathcal{V}, S) J_M^G(\mathcal{V}, f) \] holds for all functions \(f\in C_c^{\infty}(G(\mathbb{A}_F)^1)\) of the form \(f_S\otimes \mathbf{1}_{\mathbf{K}^S}\) with \(f_S\in C_c^{\infty}(G(F_S)^1)\) and \(\mathbf{1}_{\mathbf{K}^S}\) the characteristic function of the maximal compact subgroup in \(\prod_{v\not\in S} G(F_v)\). Here \(J_M^G(\mathcal{V}, f):=J_M^G(u,f)\) for some (and hence any) \(u\in \mathcal{V}\). The main result is the following bound on the coefficients associated with the unipotent elements: Theorem. Let \( n, d\in \mathbb Z_{\geq1}\). There exist constants \(\kappa=\kappa(n,d)\geq0\) and \(C=C(n,d)\geq0\) such that for every number field \(F\) of degree \([F:\mathbb Q]=d\) and absolute discriminant \(D_F\) the following holds: For any finite set of places \(S\) of \(F\) containing all the archimedean places, all \(M\in \mathcal{L}\) and all unipotent orbits \(\mathcal{V}\in\mathfrak{U}^M\), we have \[ \left|a^M(\mathcal{V}, S)\right| \leq C D_F^{\kappa} \sum_{{s_v\in\mathbb Z_{\geq0}, v\in S_{\text{fin}}:} \atop{\sum s_v\leq\eta}}\; \prod_{v\in S_{\text{fin}}}\bigg|\frac{\zeta_{F, v}^{(s_v)}(1)}{\zeta_{F, v}(1)}\bigg| \] with respect to certain measures described in \S2.4. The sum here runs over tuples of integers \(s_v\geq0\) for \(v\in S_{\text{fin}}\) such that the sum \(\sum_{v\in S_{\text{fin}}}s_v\) satisfying \(\eta\leq\dim\mathfrak{a}_0^M\), the semisimple rank of \(M\). Moreover, \(S_{\text{fin}}\) is the set of non-archimedean places contained in \(S\) and if \(v\in S_{\text{fin}}\), \(\zeta_{F,v}\) denotes the local factor of the Dedekind zeta function associated with \(F_v\).