{"entities":{"Q2341067":{"pageid":2351810,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2341067","lastrevid":57858066,"modified":"2026-04-02T20:12:56Z","type":"item","id":"Q2341067","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Heffter arrays and biembedding graphs on surfaces"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6428678"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$3F9235B6-8A12-40DB-B30C-F1EFC651D817","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"f673f0908177cc33a572bff4e3766562b07c19aa","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Heffter arrays and biembedding graphs on surfaces","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$01AC188E-BF7D-4C1C-AEBB-1A90E4602163","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"300146327dce7c4cf00507547e7ba3bad61fe437","datavalue":{"value":"1310.05142","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$BDB69B81-7D83-4A76-8282-9090A4037F27","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"ebc7441ecfd9ecfa38d48ddc4b2adb39ac7d7000","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":161296,"id":"Q161296"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$000F7862-2C6F-4550-A9C6-623104984F81","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"4ddb9fa8bd34fdf8ac927b9d1418db509264e54a","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2015-04-22T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$E0874C9D-6477-4869-8A06-58CD3B17D85E","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"8d20004f32e55a81a3ee0b49d65f872f54372ea2","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.0949","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$4B1988CA-3F21-47AD-8953-88EB4F020A6C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"00ab1c4dc4d5c78b5616e1619e01e4a2fd694d36","datavalue":{"value":"http://www.combinatorics.org/ojs/index.php/eljc/article/view/v22i1p74","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$841436F2-5C8A-4CE7-8FCB-E87E389E1728","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"146990bb743429f3def313a62e98561f01b50574","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: A Heffter array is an \\(m \\times n\\) matrix with nonzero entries from \\(\\mathbb{Z}_{2mn+1}\\) such that i) every row and column sum to 0, and ii) exactly one of each pair \\(\\{x,-x\\}\\) of nonzero elements appears in the array. We construct some Heffter arrays. These arrays are used to build current graphs used in topological graph theory. In turn, the current graphs are used to embed the complete graph \\(K_{2mn+1}\\) so that the faces can be 2-colored, called a biembedding. Under certain conditions each color class forms a cycle system. These generalize biembeddings of Steiner triple systems. We discuss some variations including Heffter arrays with empty cells, embeddings on nonorientable surfaces, complete multigraphs, and using integer arithmetic in place of modular arithmetic.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$6996ED42-C342-4422-9E81-EBD0B7525277","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2e742a171e2cc4a4f154f55124e2a34e0da3eb3e","datavalue":{"value":"05C60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$BD696F77-BA39-4614-A99F-12E253538005","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6f15d46cb8d4ffe0dbd9357e013b784d0f700114","datavalue":{"value":"05C15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$32084622-9ABE-4C05-B489-9F49FE35992B","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"1e23622a4db7994aff9228aa3b80e73e97cb6f22","datavalue":{"value":"6428678","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$A68B1B4B-140D-4E3A-8D59-1D43251C3AF9","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a13923f745c33460fc1584398bd08d951185b93a","datavalue":{"value":"biembeddings","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$6C1E1EAE-EC5C-490A-846D-4011CB2C9850","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4ccbed6a56bd24fd28ee9bcad4fbd4d340941b7f","datavalue":{"value":"current graphs","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$C3AEE6BA-F813-4650-BC2E-E1102843E64C","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a3281d7817b24dfa518df3517fc9d7c8ff267452","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":592090,"id":"Q592090"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$B9DC0C38-9E02-4D92-BBB2-B79D5DF1D80E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$52A104CB-888A-465A-B753-B0AFF8329621","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"95e7746a61bab4af3e66c6668df684dc8910a2d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5347396,"id":"Q5347396"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$95B5605D-FBA0-44C6-9677-303882500582","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4d993faddcda91468ca2727a03b31cc76b8d10b1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":887425,"id":"Q887425"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$D2B6A38E-EB52-44D0-B58E-FD224C58E836","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6f2f7981bad656131cea154f1418ac51b2f20070","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3178813,"id":"Q3178813"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$8D98318F-0CE4-444E-9449-D1ECB107ECB3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4aaec25db3518544cbebe16a11681d34727f3a62","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2568469,"id":"Q2568469"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$E10BD551-25FA-45A3-B2E9-453186003098","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4c8f5094846b7e3cf6d0dc86b3d1057390e1a018","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1861284,"id":"Q1861284"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$83A15E76-9279-4603-A562-5008CB7AFB3D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d429a56e99ce60763e0394f9c0f1c9a6d9cb90e3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3411976,"id":"Q3411976"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$84D5DE63-F2F0-47C7-8C7B-10F2843ABD4B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1d27c3a00734ced7bd50b42b491e37dd33e1a681","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4256358,"id":"Q4256358"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$008CA3F6-5DD6-4BF5-B8B8-FFF4749109EF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a8dee90e692e587ce117f5dfcd3f822ddfd6c361","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":404389,"id":"Q404389"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$D38C7EB8-F994-40D8-945E-20DBF8ABCE53","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cf3977e5121b657189e99298a566e8771fd2a0d7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5421812,"id":"Q5421812"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$FB884E53-3DCD-4691-AD6E-95E447F0E241","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dc21fe0a98f08fc25bb51daf49fedc878c141a16","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3635567,"id":"Q3635567"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$18A67B01-837D-4AA0-A697-3855657697B2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7128664d239acdf0a2ba00f0e61e01881232a768","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1877654,"id":"Q1877654"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$5CBF1A52-395C-49AD-B6BC-CE10581B0A15","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"86f14e3596e2c59f2e8dd64c5b2af429f1ec4a13","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1043639,"id":"Q1043639"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$CF76BF71-E154-43E1-B4E9-333175AACB52","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eff1e3af3f5ef0a02cc016d5ad02384f7dd8027d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1214425,"id":"Q1214425"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$153F3858-7C97-496C-88D8-891883C219B2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ade29bb9c5c58c1fc73fbff734d987495a982508","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3757929,"id":"Q3757929"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$A1E99E9B-BF3A-45D8-B254-7436DA1C1BF8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e69920601f4c71a93790ec1ebedf379df68ff85a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1844855,"id":"Q1844855"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$71414DD3-852B-4852-81E5-07E6C7C470E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fc983a0d466673eb6353f37efb8c2749a02ece3c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2922217,"id":"Q2922217"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$C3815FEA-A4D6-4103-A71A-C4B8926EF769","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9799935fa6b5975808f92cfcc703600c2e6e3c88","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2726740,"id":"Q2726740"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$7E643A52-7F86-442F-87E0-FA73E4F480CD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"45946eb34d46c6dc4c932e2e14a80d4f481053e2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4773723,"id":"Q4773723"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$329713B8-B72A-4F6B-B83C-0B6B94D5742D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b9302e97018dd8b897225090251eba257ef8a44d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1179472,"id":"Q1179472"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$CA6389BC-4192-43A2-86D6-A918B4E1F4B0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"88c9133ba2aa17760959c9ba9e83a26958bd8121","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1255962,"id":"Q1255962"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$FC3CCC70-8FC1-416A-99BF-3120632CABBB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6a0289eaa2ee64a816884e1cc0d2eaefada7ac56","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5609151,"id":"Q5609151"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$16E4F1B1-5267-481D-A492-71F2F3A44AAF","rank":"normal"}],"P1633":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1633","hash":"b5c9b1bcbbeee32b1cf335dc8790b644ac51d6d1","datavalue":{"value":"bafkreias2sixaz3247pgzp42esqlhgcgl5um3znc22guvqjgvrutywvjra","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2341067$3D38CF05-7A03-476A-8154-60AEA1115C33","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6ff7b39ffcea2ccb5e021fc578cf67b978700484","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4988851,"id":"Q4988851"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"532df45fa6881c31ce1f7e42054b40bc5677a424","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8894209265708923","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2341067$294AB1D8-30DE-4F1A-8A29-DD7E68566580","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b52a34122374a0271b73c498952c5d86f2ebb13a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2144503,"id":"Q2144503"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2f5a52faf39558149c717f5781ad8001ee5279f4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8580753803253174","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2341067$AFB18602-E0B7-435E-843B-A5F1FE9BB824","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"990579046f86a637dc438ddf97b16c3e2e605696","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":887425,"id":"Q887425"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"286ea7a26e9145f3344a3277f7d8e3ae3637bb0b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8554407358169556","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2341067$51A53711-F684-4BC6-AB0A-9D04C804DF56","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dad3a2cb7ca3cb7b91cc43ca4c5ff9027e735d86","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4597484,"id":"Q4597484"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0b4a864ed6e30b107d7c0b029d22692a6564f64b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.852838933467865","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2341067$E2CA76EB-044F-4747-9ABE-4EE266BB7FAB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"79c9b173d6eb0ff4446dbbface119bf30431ed24","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2305901,"id":"Q2305901"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"26ef0c3375d97d5c32adac4ef3fa29c51ac9c376","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8474977612495422","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2341067$235080B7-6237-4FB3-B3A0-E68742AC99EE","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2341067","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2341067"}}}}}