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When \\(G\\) is one-ended, we describe \\(\\mathrm{Out}(G)\\) using a preferred JSJ tree over subgroups that are virtually cyclic or parabolic. In particular, when \\(G\\) is toral relatively hyperbolic, \\(\\mathrm{Out}(G)\\) is virtually built out of mapping class groups and subgroups of \\(\\mathrm {GL}_n(\\mathbb Z)\\) fixing certain basis elements. When more general parabolic groups are allowed, these subgroups of \\(\\mathrm{GL}_n(\\mathbb Z)\\) have to be replaced by McCool groups: automorphisms of parabolic groups acting trivially (i.e. by conjugation) on certain subgroups. Given a malnormal quasiconvex subgroup \\(P\\) of a hyperbolic group \\(G\\), we view \\(G\\) as hyperbolic relative to \\(P\\) and we apply the previous analysis to describe the group \\(\\mathrm{Out}(P\\nearrow G)\\) of automorphisms of \\(P\\) that extend to \\(G\\): it is virtually a McCool group. If \\(\\mathrm{Out}(P\\nearrow G)\\) is infinite, then \\(P\\) is a vertex group in a splitting of \\(G\\). If \\(P\\) is torsion-free, then \\(\\mathrm{Out}(P\\nearrow G)\\) is of type VF, in particular finitely presented. {  } We also determine when \\(\\mathrm{Out}(G)\\) is infinite, for \\(G\\) relatively hyperbolic. The interesting case is when \\(G\\) is infinitely-ended and has torsion. When \\(G\\) is hyperbolic, we show that \\(\\mathrm{Out}(G)\\) is infinite if and only if \\(G\\) splits over a maximal virtually cyclic subgroup with infinite center. In general we show that infiniteness of \\(\\mathrm{Out}(G)\\) comes from the existence of a splitting with infinitely many twists, or having a vertex group that is maximal parabolic with infinitely many automorphisms acting trivially on incident edge 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