{"entities":{"Q2366145":{"pageid":2376888,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2366145","lastrevid":78676148,"modified":"2026-05-06T12:10:29Z","type":"item","id":"Q2366145","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On general theory of radicals"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 223308"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$7431994E-8FE6-4208-A1C5-000CCD876202","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5d5bdcfd32981638d36cc03aeecd7409fba39cca","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On general theory of radicals","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$49FEA259-B8BB-4437-89B8-8C31C4A82E25","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"01430e41de2b8ab95d3e8c6bec1fd324ec2e57d0","datavalue":{"value":"0784.08009","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$6CAFC8AA-67E5-4E81-8056-2EEE3B414B48","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"392261f85f7116c2bf728ef09cdc13c26d256748","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01196549","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$1EF88D76-2753-41AB-9C84-05FAEDF9277D","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"8fa179c8715004e2374d4db0c3ce41b39558e95d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":178112,"id":"Q178112"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$0ABC3492-1F39-455A-9159-C36CFF0428C0","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"be4381b75afe2df0dbe37cd1a66e006418c0c5aa","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1993-06-29T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$9CE77D1E-7776-4A07-BC40-6B56BB1A315B","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"07bf304d814f9b4c2a23922c57fd28a436c00c5f","datavalue":{"value":"The basic concepts and results of the theory of radicals of associative rings can be easily extended to universal classes in which suitable isomorphism theorems hold. A general theory of this sort is developed in the first section of the paper. The second section concerns universal classes satisfying an additional axiom modeled on a property of ideals of associative rings. It is proved then that, like in the case of associative rings, the semisimple classes are hereditary, they can be characterized as regular classes closed under extensions and subdirect sums, and Kurosh's construction of the lower radical terminates at \\(\\omega_ 0\\). Possibilities of applications of the theory are illustrated on three samples.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$F5CB5C0D-8045-4BAF-9415-F86F1800B54B","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3d53f4f8504531dc1d4f34947ee793dc8e8b2ce8","datavalue":{"value":"08C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$A7D36B7C-8D43-40C1-9756-DB4934259A32","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ed4ac44229a63771ae4ded31038fe93f434bffb7","datavalue":{"value":"03C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$B916152E-9EAB-4D3F-9F0C-F1E91B77A5ED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4a49899e4e8d29d10363e7714473220074d83edc","datavalue":{"value":"16N80","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$F2A3C78A-3D63-4887-97DA-BAE20F8CA65D","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"08952f717f64f36cb2d41d820d230e36f50e8e0c","datavalue":{"value":"223308","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$8996C4DE-9A43-49FE-95A3-D06A376D48BD","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f0787389f72ee5d294878a5f186ddae505a55e26","datavalue":{"value":"radical classes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$73BAE65D-AEA9-45D6-88E5-6CA42E4DED21","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5343fe15e5fc12e68590736ed75afd936ac59fa7","datavalue":{"value":"involution rings","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$A8D97E5F-2A83-4936-B08D-E863FE481B7D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5d2ebb89fe9aebdbe9c061b9b168c52d6320aace","datavalue":{"value":"Kurosh chain","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$712C7D1C-40D8-4571-A043-6F600A35E108","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a30c34aadab4b510ef9841beb5c38a376b78f3ab","datavalue":{"value":"universal classes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$512D66BF-AEC9-4F16-AAA0-AD4CB9BC6AAC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"319a4132455422f40446d3a5449648f4c3b64264","datavalue":{"value":"semisimple classes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$7F90224B-613F-4489-9184-8300640CBF1A","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"f1faf2f5bea032032f558d042bc6cfae4d419739","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1165925,"id":"Q1165925"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$E4FFC6B8-1AD4-4758-B758-FB4473EF7AE1","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$0D733772-FF93-43CB-A46B-E38CFCB3A289","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b800317ee303983bcaa8a2f20a76e4591131473f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3693663,"id":"Q3693663"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$F24AA0E8-3326-4F32-A754-6C11E822C8B1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c660ed68e8957134c0b8922dd78457af327602cb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4063603,"id":"Q4063603"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$6E689B5F-5370-48C1-A7C8-976DA982E0BD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dc9e695a5e9cf50cdaab5761a01c6bb9cf7609ae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1095230,"id":"Q1095230"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$FCF3E6EA-FCF7-4237-BA01-F11E735E1A42","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"87d5547ad2ac642df96afbd085b2bb4037ee59b9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3335913,"id":"Q3335913"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$EF211D2E-034E-4547-9F0A-4564D9C4E12C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0c3f5bb3c802ef15609013888ca525bac9dd1407","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3205385,"id":"Q3205385"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$07784547-E5AC-417B-B907-597785D143FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"28e674fcff32871897a9d2945429b7248314933d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3205384,"id":"Q3205384"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$044B96E0-4337-4B96-9D04-6F71F5EE65E4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b8680f48e2c8928a234a3d34a59ff424fc9760b7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3809843,"id":"Q3809843"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$4628A9EC-5DF1-4B55-AC88-BD145CB69EDB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"70c7edd6986ce61a3d482bd1a6cee42943f954f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4087358,"id":"Q4087358"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$55A6B07F-1CEE-406E-973C-4D9CD7D647A2","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"bf45196696f7f99dffa72e11513f0bf17e6a5a79","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01196549","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$610C6782-EB0E-4CE6-A4E7-2518415D5E6A","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"90c7dd29df161609b90faa3bf5a3eb057ba9df4d","datavalue":{"value":"W2088468168","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2366145$C2B5F20C-5A14-4FCC-8FB5-8BC183C75281","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bf27ab4db4117ca89cb43dc945968a4c0bc7b19e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4438877,"id":"Q4438877"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"81a01ac5a9326f4d1562c5e793e799589ca9f709","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8642175793647766","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2366145$963463CC-CFA5-46FD-A97F-FB002F10457A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eafc6756c3099c62d759b17bc7133be2ca3118fc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3789627,"id":"Q3789627"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e629970b6d5278b7aab8affa786b434c66ece602","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8485425114631653","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2366145$9B712AAC-0107-47DD-B656-ED386A0BB433","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1c5264cd50ee6fc489b9d4bda68471938fc5a6e4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4816493,"id":"Q4816493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4c36db4c60fea66748ea00deeb756c1fe8e26b0c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8467286825180054","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2366145$73D2C77A-51F6-4259-9DAD-EEB03391AEBC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9afd38981ff99bcfb7b873a6f974c27f6a455ba2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4438339,"id":"Q4438339"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1316f9d903330299abfeb610eaa1b03994af198f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8417399525642395","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2366145$5A4E3568-F336-4859-B90A-B6A3F56EA795","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d0e4a23e03ded24a8998db85683e58a57be29c55","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3825197,"id":"Q3825197"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5090c762fc59e240c360c5d07646ca532e1520bf","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8417152166366577","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2366145$C2CA5076-29D6-40F5-9EAB-A581F6EE6A59","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On general theory of radicals","badges":[]}}}}}