{"entities":{"Q2368880":{"pageid":2379623,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2368880","lastrevid":72619476,"modified":"2026-04-14T06:07:21Z","type":"item","id":"Q2368880","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Newton-Leibniz integration for ket-bra operators in quantum mechanics and derivation of entangled state representations"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5020305"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$67AB92A2-B0A1-43BF-8538-47B0A389DFEC","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"3979aba794c7e2dcb4e9ab4563822127cd5d5a14","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Newton-Leibniz integration for ket-bra operators in quantum mechanics and derivation of entangled state representations","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$13E27D13-045B-45C0-B789-AA7D25E84051","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"64a6a3f50af3ec1a747c043b293028ddec3b22e3","datavalue":{"value":"1091.81005","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$374E6438-3D31-415B-B038-AF820E4767A8","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e8ba131fa08cabc4210d8c0a55d1f8621d47dc08","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2368879,"id":"Q2368879"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$31BEEF6D-4074-4221-976F-257A7656F7A5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"3afa1fae8856dc9f36758889654e6e1aa38548de","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":701616,"id":"Q701616"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$AA546EF7-7ED0-4F06-8682-51CE44E11F34","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a141169b39563c96e759b13049a0118044561ca8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":352604,"id":"Q352604"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$9E97657A-0E27-4743-A5D8-4DA035A8DD18","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"2d441d6c7faf5b3775cd37e7ac382beda0745def","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":163613,"id":"Q163613"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$38876BCB-B2F4-4220-B3EB-B873D22A6E01","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"8728e91b2b3c919aca654c671fc4eed9ec21fc4b","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2006-04-28T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$02887B62-3BE8-4755-8F44-18A8B5EC29BA","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"b71b5e668980e17b49bdfa3ed239f1b488584947","datavalue":{"value":"Newton-Leibniz integration rule only applies to commuting functions of continuum variables, while operators made of Dirac's symbols (ket versus bra, e.g., \\(|q\\rangle\\langle q|\\) of continuous parameter \\(q\\)) in quantum mechanics are usually not commutative. Therefore, integrations over the operators of type \\(|\\;\\rangle\\langle\\;|\\) cannot be directly performed by the Newton-Leibniz rule. We invented an innovative technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators that made the integration of non-commutative operators possible. The IWOP technique thus bridges this mathematical gap between classical mechanics and quantum mechanics, and further reveals the beauty and elegance of Dirac's symbolic method and transformation theory. Various applications of the IWOP technique, including constructing the entangled state representations and their applications, are presented.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$4AD69893-F676-4116-A7C2-F79807F6BE40","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7af17f227fda8daecc6b4cd26e5d774fa965085f","datavalue":{"value":"81P68","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$3AF542E6-7025-49D4-881D-7B29DBDA39C6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9212ed9eef27bc8c4e0ec315270c72eecbe29bfa","datavalue":{"value":"81R30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$AAE79BB5-A1E9-4975-AF08-2BC13AA5FDF9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"32b405bc3bcfd4e279cf9e94e3df52688e55244e","datavalue":{"value":"44A12","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$BD0C94F4-BA3E-4C35-9AA2-11BF1E104965","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"512b5ae0f39c24c18bde0eb3d190acc5b98eeb0b","datavalue":{"value":"5020305","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$82BB4B11-287E-4A96-B490-9DCB5E7725B2","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4c6a6bb4eded9d23ca25b129f85d9aab7d4fe08c","datavalue":{"value":"IWOP technique","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$D3E6EF75-601A-47C0-BAD1-709F9E545868","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"66677cedacef2b8499437c78be624c84ebb8b4b7","datavalue":{"value":"bipartite entangled state","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$00006808-E25E-42A9-9F99-521A2651D545","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e0c5ff33da10a9053344ae6e70792b459143eeac","datavalue":{"value":"Radon transform","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$EA4D388D-88E5-45BE-8DA8-1E75ADFC9C50","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b7cd2b4bf774a696cfc9493f093cf80a402a8dcf","datavalue":{"value":"squeezing operator","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$92A32F43-DE4D-4F81-AD78-AFABBF6E1BB1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a4dc71ae60cc5c232c467d9452042622d6ea1b97","datavalue":{"value":"Wigner operator","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$1F5FE824-FA0A-4829-9731-D660E7F1F61F","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$17F715CD-9135-4DDE-A817-7D29FD8C0977","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"e4162f742709f1dd890f4f73bf5b00f9fb7bb4b8","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aop.2005.09.011","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$567562EA-7450-4118-B086-23D239F99845","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"9f9cc9b9b9764f032d0f05e1768e746c911db03b","datavalue":{"value":"W2075312990","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$00CDD176-5FFB-4E85-ABE5-BBBA173D15AA","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"2ee3339c7ab574ce25bbf39f2f725e99176e2756","datavalue":{"value":"Q123148232","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$62ED3C3F-8696-4387-A75A-0B7AABB1DDA7","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3af77c53d25e8610f3fc14e4ac94ac19a23778e9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3247887,"id":"Q3247887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$BDAC610A-742E-4273-91F6-E12B7E38119F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0fe63061b5e0c53a615f9413ac20e38a1fef0b28","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4490677,"id":"Q4490677"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$1F0DD850-0E43-4E85-9577-B49F63FEB5FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8c0bd6524d0b0a54bc23a727b1dcc8b5d5ba6c68","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5344079,"id":"Q5344079"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$1CBAE801-D271-48E8-A0EE-B1D39BE2794C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1ee0a57793acb6bcf4d03214d55db808ec323b41","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5735114,"id":"Q5735114"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$F826BBA0-CB00-4A3B-A4BA-24AE3FBFF03F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f4878d9e8a61237d7e9c9a925bf94be35d242ba0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4809482,"id":"Q4809482"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$A19DB9D3-F3AF-4014-B59C-9D4F57BCC863","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b37c002314bcc3c5dbc9689f249ef4d7a433cb3d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3102565,"id":"Q3102565"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$6E5DB626-7867-4FCD-8FC4-1C5CAED92035","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e352700e89e42c8d944f800e628d3e41526eb326","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5758664,"id":"Q5758664"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$345A568A-3174-4AAC-B374-C4A019C588D6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8ab145105e18daf7bba0792ab23ab6d2a8785267","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4286779,"id":"Q4286779"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$9F4FFBFA-DBED-434C-9EF1-12BD4659E2B4","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"420f233da84ab016f65017f7aa2752ca30f5eab1","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.AOP.2005.09.011","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2368880$33492F4F-090A-4E78-8260-AC3B0C89040B","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e1dc2d2ec89a9f250cd55acb60438ab812c8b7f6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":875300,"id":"Q875300"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4fd4881962a4c52281b22a2c1011c67615392a9e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7451183795928955","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2368880$E9306168-8CFD-4A07-8910-D49E59A7A134","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"fa518ff98a8fec6c7363f0b8169121f62b442100","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2472359,"id":"Q2472359"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7433dd2f46ca2468440781b77b8985819284fa74","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7445603609085083","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2368880$2F0EA995-54D5-44DC-B9CA-836DD5CB42E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5cc99047818504347cdaf14383b7703e5371cc99","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":927671,"id":"Q927671"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dacb014199078d1421cc58b840658bb0e2129a2f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7297690510749817","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2368880$454AC2F8-54C7-4FC6-A7B6-119AE3C34EB2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"31caa55e65d1b57d0d7df881bb420bba3f362c09","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4971746,"id":"Q4971746"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"38fc5688ce4e40ed1cfd9f3949a86fb756df5e69","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7114194631576538","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2368880$A7FA9426-16FB-4785-91C8-F91F700E5513","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"709c4212b10c67fc5c39ee3d4a36ddb93058bd7c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":875301,"id":"Q875301"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4499685c7e9789362ea5db8e9ebd7397c27881f1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6947641968727112","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2368880$A41A78AE-D666-42A8-A7E5-AC4F7914F6C5","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Newton-Leibniz integration for ket-bra operators in quantum mechanics and derivation of entangled state representations","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Newton-Leibniz_integration_for_ket-bra_operators_in_quantum_mechanics_and_derivation_of_entangled_state_representations"}}}}}