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The authors completely characterize the closure in \\(\\ell^\\infty(\\mathbb N)\\) of the set of possible ``diagonals'' of \\(S\\), i.e. the set \\({\\mathcal C}[{\\mathcal U}_{\\mathcal H}(S)]\\) of real sequences \\({\\mathbf c}=(c_n)_{n\\in\\mathbb N}\\) such that  (1) \\(\\langle Se_n,e_n\\rangle=c_n\\), for some orthonormal basis \\({\\mathcal B}=\\{e_n\\}\\) of \\(\\mathcal H\\). If dim \\({\\mathcal H}=m<\\infty\\), the Schur-Horn theorem ensures that \\({\\mathbf c}\\in{\\mathbb R}^m\\) satisfies (1) if and only if \\({\\mathbf c}\\) is majorized by the vector of eigenvalues of \\(S\\).  In the general case, an analogous form is defined of ``the sum of the greatest \\(k\\) eigenvalues'' as \\(U_k(S)=\\sup\\{\\text{tr } SP:P\\in L({\\mathcal H})\\; \\text{ is an orthogonal projection with tr } P=k\\}\\) and \\(L_k(S)=-U_k(-S)\\). It is proved that \\(\\mathbf c\\) belongs to the \\(\\ell^\\infty({\\mathbb N})\\)-closure of \\({\\mathcal C}[{\\mathcal U}_{\\mathcal H}(S)]\\) if and only if (2) \\(u_k({\\mathbf c})\\leq U_k(S)\\) and \\(L_k(S)\\leq L_k({\\mathbf c})\\) for \\(k\\in{\\mathbb N}\\), where \\(U_k({\\mathbf c})=\\sup_{| F| =k}\\sum_{i\\in F} c_i\\) and \\(L_k({\\mathbf c})=\\inf_{| F| =k}\\sum_{i\\in F} c_i=-U_k(-{\\mathbf c})\\).  Similar results are proved in \\(\\ell^1({\\mathbb N})\\)-closure if \\(S\\) is a trace class operator. Then, these extended Schur-Horn theorems are used to give conditions for the existence of frames with prescribed norms and frame operator under less restrictive conditions than those found in \\textit{K. A. Kornelson} and \\textit{D. R. Larson} [Contemp. 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