{"entities":{"Q2391651":{"pageid":2402394,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2391651","lastrevid":57886908,"modified":"2026-04-02T23:09:49Z","type":"item","id":"Q2391651","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Elliptic curves with a lower bound on 2-Selmer ranks of quadratic twists"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6194698"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$41E86833-9E02-423A-900C-E3B7F6FA786B","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"dbfcbd8d02679f1243b168c40ea91cc216b1de48","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Elliptic curves with a lower bound on 2-Selmer ranks of quadratic twists","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$4AF9C808-F1B0-44D8-9FF4-54ECC5AAC47A","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"482ac2b617dc76bdf464ac326762ba7109273d9c","datavalue":{"value":"1285.11085","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$CF3F65DD-F03D-4052-86AB-1DBF5282A3F3","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"f5f464119e2ed33c0bb67f434251eb6ed59814e7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":347460,"id":"Q347460"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$58ADE223-AD99-45BE-B4F1-1AF2A0B2D98B","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"82759f7bd5d339c54aa2233fde0d7f5ffae8b2c0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":170810,"id":"Q170810"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$B56C2B54-3C32-4984-91F6-A08409BF4181","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"95aa5aea465a8772f3ec0450c3b06f16f93c1446","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-08-05T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$63EC0985-EBC4-4AC1-AEC1-980821B9F352","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"91b8c86cf52d80dc61c2fabab3f0ef45da722c63","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1201.5407","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$33BD5C3E-3770-4180-A377-A83BF9BEF11F","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"320e6d42fd3f47f8f030c57d200b7246aa9f1710","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(K\\) be a number field, \\(E\\) an elliptic curve defined over \\(K\\) and, for any quadratic extension \\(F/K\\), let \\(E^F\\) be the associated quadratic twist of \\(E\\). Let \\(\\text{Sel}_2(E/K)\\) be the 2 Selmer group, i.e.,  \\[  \\text{Sel}_2(E/K):=\\text{Ker}\\left\\{ H^1(K,E[2])\\longrightarrow \\prod_v H^1(K_v,E[2])/\\text{Im}\\,\\kappa_v\\right\\}  \\]  (where \\(v\\) runs through all the primes of \\(K\\), the map is the product of natural restrictions and \\(\\kappa_v\\) is the local Kummer map). The paper deals with the \\textit{2-Selmer rank}  \\[ d_2(E^F/K):=\\dim_{\\mathbb{F}_2}\\text{Sel}_2(E^F/K)-\\dim_{\\mathbb{F}_2}E(K)[2]  \\]  as \\(F\\) varies through all the quadratic twists of \\(E\\).  It is known (see [\\textit{T. Dokchitser} and \\textit{V. Dokchitser}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 658, 39--64 (2011; Zbl 1314.11041)]) that \\(d_2(E^F/K)\\equiv d_2(E/K) \\pmod 2\\) for any \\(E^F\\) and it was conjectured that any value \\(r \\equiv d_2(E/K) \\pmod 2\\) could be obtained by infinitely many quadratic twists of \\(E\\) (see [\\textit{B. Mazur} and \\textit{K. Rubin}, Invent. Math. 181, No. 3, 541--575 (2010; Zbl 1227.11075)]). The present paper provides counterexamples to this conjecture using the family of elliptic curves  \\[  E_n : y^2+xy=x^3-128n^2x^2-48n^2x-4n^2\\quad\\text{(}n\\in \\mathbb{N}\\text{)}  \\]  defined over \\(\\mathbb{Q}\\). For any number field \\(K\\) with \\([K:\\mathbb{Q}]=r_1+2r_2\\) and \\(r_2>0\\), such that \\(1+256n^2\\not\\in(K^*)^2\\) the curves \\(E_n\\) verify {\\parindent=6mm \\begin{itemize}\\item[1.] \\(|E_n(K)[2]|=2\\) and there exist an isogeny of degree 4 defined over \\(K(E[2])\\) but not over \\(K\\); \\item[2.] \\(E_n\\) has multiplicative reduction at primes \\(\\mathfrak{p}|2n\\) and Kodaira symbol \\(I_{2v_{\\mathfrak{p}}(2n)}\\) at \\(\\mathfrak{p}\\), while the isogenous curve \\(E_n':=E_n/E_n(K)[2]\\) has Kodaira symbol \\(I_{4v_{\\mathfrak{p}}(2n)}\\) at \\(\\mathfrak{p}\\); \\item[3.] the curves \\(E_n\\) have distinct \\(j\\)-invariants, hence are not isomorphic over an algebraic closure \\(\\overline{K}\\) of \\(K\\).   \\end{itemize}} The author uses these properties, local computations for the images of Kummer maps and exact sequences involving different Selmer groups to show that \\(d_2(E^F/K)\\geq r_2\\) for any quadratic twist (i.e., ``small'' \\(r \\equiv d_2(E/K) \\pmod{2}\\) are not obtainable). It is worth remarking that, since for any \\(K\\) there are infinitely many \\(n\\) such that \\(1+256n^2\\not\\in(K^*)^2\\,\\), this paper provides infinitely many (non-isomorphic by 3.) counterexamples to the conjecture mentioned above.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$A951EFF5-36B2-42B7-825C-DE7AB8E5C9FA","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"1dd4ab08b3133e71ac8deae0dd693681dd22a851","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":462697,"id":"Q462697"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$68AEBE74-C71C-4505-BC29-69BF5E3F1DBE","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1b466ca590039ea305e8cc047527b117e828a753","datavalue":{"value":"11G05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$CA3BFACA-2ABF-4806-AB2F-4582F413242F","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"027cdaa4cc5fc396364cd385364eb28318143d2e","datavalue":{"value":"6194698","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$41F5DD74-28F8-46AA-BA02-5CCB368AD1A4","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"152a3a8a7275b37d6dbe5f1a44038a85372ab00c","datavalue":{"value":"elliptic curve","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$21513570-7828-4882-A78D-DBFEBE4F7D18","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"408743586f63d2dee6552733d44a3893833b94a6","datavalue":{"value":"Selmer group","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$C61B9CCB-1C6B-4F09-AE92-5D5EBD2ED95B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"897daccc179bed3578effbe413ebd2ecdc6c16f4","datavalue":{"value":"quadratic twist","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$026E8369-B579-46A5-8DFA-50A2515474C2","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$54D726A0-220F-42FC-8AE9-B463C861739B","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"54fa56118148ec55d11702c11bc680667e6467ef","datavalue":{"value":"10.4310/MRL.2012.V19.N5.A14","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2391651$AA77487E-C646-4452-BBD8-9879B397A627","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0f48fd8324d30bde0574b753dc59dc538fc234e9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1651760,"id":"Q1651760"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9dd49b14ab2a523b314698e3ced235f6ac23de3f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8669391870498657","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2391651$6D47B6DA-EDD5-45EE-BC7A-FA33E3B4AF0B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4b5595e46654a3c0b6bb68dfa5e41f04ba265100","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2960433,"id":"Q2960433"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"75d5804b1934823c788aad0a63a9637c7cc23b70","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8636998534202576","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2391651$353582CD-8C2C-49CB-A054-B3052662EF19","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0923ff26ffd7d18ab00afe08fe433c923f4f4698","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5306697,"id":"Q5306697"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1c02e80e68612b55e4e9736719bd3e16553f1176","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8578184843063354","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2391651$3FA44C1C-64E8-492C-834B-8341E0E3F110","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4c4966c11cc2583cd53ebaac54d7e604c736ec1e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3566656,"id":"Q3566656"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"640c5255699ec86db2e1c94e6660003fa3ab2a34","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8559788465499878","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2391651$D332D48E-9050-4490-BB98-EB8E33511552","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8eaa88a9ef41a0651c9925c98a28bb79b8ea0220","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2168337,"id":"Q2168337"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"84fbd10258259098dbd237e893d11b3392cf5d77","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8533798456192017","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2391651$05F8D75A-5D57-42F1-BEA1-B1C8688BEC83","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2391651","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2391651"}}}}}