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According to the organizers, its goal was to explore important historical developments connected with models and visual elements in the mathematical and physical sciences throughout the period 1800--1950.  The author's text is an introductory essay to a collection of four studies presented at the workshop that are published in the same volume of the Mathematical Intelligencer [\\textit{O. Labs}, Math. Intell. 39, No. 2, 15--26 (2017; Zbl 1379.14002); \\textit{K. Volkert}, ibid. 39, No. 2, 27--35 (2017; Zbl 1392.51001); \\textit{T. H. Kjeldsen}, ibid. 39, No. 2, 36--45 (2017; Zbl 1380.92003); \\textit{M. St\u00f6ltzner}, ibid. 39, No. 2, 46--54 (2017; Zbl 1372.01016)]. The author points out that the word ``model'' appears in mathematics in many contexts, including models of non-Euclidean geometries, physical paper/plaster models of 3D surfaces or 3D projections of 4D bodies, mathematical models of biological and physical phenomena, etc. These topics are addressed in the four subsequent papers, which provide a nice illustration of the breadth of the concept of a model in 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