{"entities":{"Q2406235":{"pageid":2416978,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2406235","lastrevid":56682627,"modified":"2026-03-18T19:01:44Z","type":"item","id":"Q2406235","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Prevention of exponential equivalence in simple password exponential key exchange (SPEKE)"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6781011"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$BC82EC40-657E-4166-AC31-D5E06BC65B0D","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"23964f73968b642c21fc09e06aabd915df24aa2d","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Prevention of exponential equivalence in simple password exponential key exchange (SPEKE)","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$A08812C7-4A4D-424F-9932-08AB719CFD3D","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"acca1ed7dbe951d9772ba6d1ddefd837187b0817","datavalue":{"value":"1418.94053","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$A600DC4F-F8B6-4340-A01E-46B11D21E0F1","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"156ce06c60d11f5fa8ff4eec417e2a3f600a98f0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1848542,"id":"Q1848542"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$4369BB8C-33C7-4BD1-8AE5-B37B5624F9A2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c333f397340330e3e8525478fa4a6a07a3332b02","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":507653,"id":"Q507653"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$952C8C1E-6EB2-4672-979C-ACAD9DFE218B","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"536de48637c235d08fe3e176612e997aba7a2c18","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":83462,"id":"Q83462"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$FCF59F0B-544D-4957-8F96-8D6EA3C6200C","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"23d30c439537d32c3fa1ef5645003f6830c886af","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2017-09-27T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$8814DF57-2670-4161-9DB8-8D6A0096C6FF","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"aa8cb7d2866dbc96c316b6da271c5fea09d33d98","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: Simple Password Exponential Key Exchange (SPEKE) and Dragonfly are simple password-based authenticated key exchange protocols that use a value derived from a shared password as a generator for modular exponentiation, as opposed to Diffie-Hellman key exchange, which uses a fixed value. However, it has been shown that in SPEKE, an active attacker, can examine multiple passwords in a single attempt because the passwords have an exponential correlation. We show that Dragonfly can also suffer from the same problem, and we propose a simple countermeasure to prevent the exponential equivalence in SPEKE.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$EC59073A-47D6-4C71-A155-D5BC7A0A3BDD","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b3f5570531d36cdad95fcc8cba24a2dabc5fbbbf","datavalue":{"value":"94A60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$81CFFF60-816E-4F45-8871-DAA0DE8F5A12","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b71b42e4e887bf125b7436fe1334aef39047fb5c","datavalue":{"value":"94A62","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$DAF88A40-7813-4C7E-9C72-AD769F77A340","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"37765e1f7a3ca894e1452b0317dd736eef70b2e0","datavalue":{"value":"6781011","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$55F9FE8F-DA75-4E24-B694-32FC655144DF","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ac19d105371b577f03b6c6bab97b64100c09eb19","datavalue":{"value":"exponential equivalence","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$C35DB034-80C7-4025-B2B6-3D3CD1736811","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ccbe26bd4848574c7913b7d66b6d0a3adb6b1ee2","datavalue":{"value":"password authentication","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$DF002A52-1BB5-494F-9FDB-B4B6799C9B52","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d482642181e8b654ccbdfce3ee04905ecbc0e07e","datavalue":{"value":"key exchange","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$C85FAE9E-14B4-460A-9B6C-CFAEC8B069DE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"68176dab8a83a3d36d339c388d4ed886d3525a61","datavalue":{"value":"SPEKE","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$2899E7ED-5F60-4193-A1D8-87829776EEA0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"fa95bb792c38a62b9a35948c19589486d126afb9","datavalue":{"value":"dragonfly","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$9E892D80-03FC-415F-B3A4-3AF5FDB0595E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$F88C495A-75BF-4ADB-B414-5706E8EB06F9","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"a4c0fcd950d8a107cf283b3e3ecedd522ee3b4e4","datavalue":{"value":"Q114577323","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$6763E265-AE08-4526-A17D-6CD4DC103559","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"223c2f52cc5ac5eba40e9c3c7b86861301eee17f","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7031587","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$351D70A7-F476-4BC5-A01F-303D63E51175","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"5fcffa499950ea085e7cd9a1a49c50738067d2fa","datavalue":{"value":"W2151777185","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$18E2E2D8-CF09-49C9-849A-BCEBD764D4BB","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"f2ead48797a29e9ad21da1fd532450756bedd78e","datavalue":{"value":"10.3390/SYM7031587","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$ADB2535D-1608-4758-9C02-6A91BC4F3ED6","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"da30f45985bdad989780c33ed36f5b27e6bb65c8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3102038,"id":"Q3102038"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d22a9e21e5de96b47c4f4c6d4ac6304ea129055f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7464156150817871","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2406235$E84A9BCC-C880-47D6-8F30-DBEBC32453BF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5b17dda102236e083d7c778ae3b1b04989326849","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":407442,"id":"Q407442"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c69fb4ea92a6cfe4fcd7f2091e0c66573253864b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7445975542068481","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2406235$C734F477-34B5-4A10-A245-A00D7B0A1047","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"369c0f56d18204800959a0c6ee364c7bfb78207d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":407499,"id":"Q407499"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1a11720aa770b8d052e0567e92904d829f29437e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7350218892097473","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2406235$62A32B50-FAEF-4BD4-A5B9-8FF4DDA2A0D2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1f6b4a9a0e404f6aec0863e75c4a69444756daaf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3069738,"id":"Q3069738"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b2e30d68cb4b96cd37111468c8f68e614cb315cb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7343191504478455","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2406235$410F9AA2-B980-49C1-A23C-857B84724B96","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1e2319225fe51562716a07c36abbe83eb3d188ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":975863,"id":"Q975863"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2257e69a3fb6fe407f584b4bc6a761c631065a93","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7337555289268494","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2406235$CC434CAF-C24C-4991-BE6D-D000D43EA810","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2406235$4CEAD0A0-9698-46C1-A9F9-BC3C6A0B3B70","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2406235","badges":[]}}}}}