{"entities":{"Q2416626":{"pageid":2427369,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2416626","lastrevid":56687553,"modified":"2026-03-18T20:30:29Z","type":"item","id":"Q2416626","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On a method of solving some functional equations for set-valued functions"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7058448"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$2FD1AFD6-A83B-41AA-84C5-6682F42985CF","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"458c5743578dba0a0b674c02c76d56526b56cad6","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On a method of solving some functional equations for set-valued functions","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$67E93698-0D04-40AD-B480-8C89323C476F","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"182bda82e17ff19cddc140031d95b63945502ab4","datavalue":{"value":"1428.39032","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$ABB30BC1-00E8-4A03-84A4-20B7596E9A8B","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9e2d2ea9d8c77f0184b9bdfdec92bb36e072cae6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":264162,"id":"Q264162"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$55C04389-9BAD-4C6C-BFC5-27D193B0AF67","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"11efd5c2060d1c50a5b9855135a0ba5f800a0b96","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":255172,"id":"Q255172"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$0B45B04B-A938-4404-B324-41E3AE53534B","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7175bc5b448813e6c45463c465346435e9aa8168","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2019-05-23T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$32C4E85D-3F73-45D1-9694-48E99A8D4BFB","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"02139b54b507c1e39902ec00a8e7f0d9e850e87c","datavalue":{"value":"This is the general set up of the paper: $(X,+)$ is an abelian group and $(Y,d)$ is a locally convex, metric, linear space with a translation invariant metric $d$. The collection of nonempty, compact, convex subsets of $Y$ is denoted $cc(Y)$.  The main result of the paper is the following. Let $\\beta \\geq 2$ be an integer such that $X$ is uniquely divisible by $\\beta$. If $F:X \\to cc(Y)$ is a solution of \\[ F(x) + \\frac{\\beta-1}{2\\beta^2}F(-\\beta x) = \\frac{\\beta +1}{2\\beta^2}F(\\beta x) \\qquad \\text{ for all } x \\in X, \\] then $F = a + G$ for an odd function $a:X \\to Y$ satisfying $a(\\beta x) = \\beta a(x)$ and an even function $G:X \\to cc(Y)$ satisfying $G(\\beta x) = \\beta^2G(x)$ for all $x \\in X$. This decomposition of $F$ is unique.  From the above result the author finds the solutions $F : X \\to cc(Y)$ for each of the functional equations: \\[ F(x+y) + F(x-y) = 2F(x) + F(y) + F(-y),\\tag{1} \\] \\[ 9F\\left(\\frac{x+y+z}{3}\\right) + F(x) + F(y) + F(z)  = 4\\left[F\\left(\\frac{x+y}{2}\\right) + F\\left(\\frac{y+z}{2}\\right) + F\\left(\\frac{z+x}{2}\\right)\\right],\\tag{2} \\] \\[ F(x+ny) + nF(x-y) = F(x-ny) + nF(x+y), \\tag{3} \\] for \\(x,y,z \\in X\\), \\(n=2,3,\\dots\\). The assumptions are: in (1) $X$ is uniquely divisible by $2$, in (2) by $3$, and in (3) by $2$ and by $n$. Furthermore, in (2) and in (3) the Hukuhara difference $F(x) - F(0)$ exists for each $x \\in X$ (this holds, if $F(0) = \\{0\\}$).  The solutions are in each case of the form $F = a + G + B$, where $a:X \\to Y$ is additive, $G:X \\to cc()Y$ is quadratic (i.e., satisfies $G(x+y) + G(x-y) = 2G(x) + 2G(y)$ for all $x,y \\in X$) and $B \\in cc(Y)$.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$59C9B409-E096-43AD-8A10-65921243E0D2","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0ebf154b072c83dae5f778e71c2977f30812c361","datavalue":{"value":"39B52","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$4E7F9600-8373-4296-B155-F9EA92846C3C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"bb5871e20f8b777661a59f11ddec87e469dfad90","datavalue":{"value":"39B55","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$8D4A56DF-3F99-4203-A04E-AF0D9490BF63","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"298fb0880c4feb8d033683fbf3f69c13f1c1d9f2","datavalue":{"value":"47H04","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$F5E01EF4-F2DC-4C9F-A96F-39C741CA4CA7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1ddfb12deda3f6c88e3bb7a40285845e5786fa13","datavalue":{"value":"54C60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$BF7DD226-29D0-4776-82A0-66696FD51010","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"cdb8cf568e962f3a770d2c4d31667a09fad773eb","datavalue":{"value":"7058448","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$570104AD-0AAD-4746-BC20-1312BA1A25BB","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"26b2e5005c4df8e95bd2ab7bc1e6461517d3ea00","datavalue":{"value":"set-valued function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$2BB22480-7777-4FE1-863B-D98ABE1F9DC1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"18b89874dde24b6111f75a2910efdc69acdea8bd","datavalue":{"value":"Hukuhara difference","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$65BCDA1D-ECBC-4297-BEE5-DB5FE9DB3C15","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"de724f57f2ca30562fecbd99ea7381b6673771f1","datavalue":{"value":"Hausdorff distance","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$6F49D3A7-9998-4636-8DA9-DE09AB6A3EBC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b41ab1878cad76c009fedc4314530ef3841a1aa9","datavalue":{"value":"additive function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$5D4DD42E-8ED3-40EA-818C-42595D400882","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"166d81c703db126b55d1b910220f38f75a76468e","datavalue":{"value":"quadratic function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$DBB7CACE-CA46-4B0E-A0A2-BDCE625D8FA6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5f3000ed69d2b2df33002b595406458f377640c3","datavalue":{"value":"Drygas equation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$46BFBC9F-F03A-416C-9D80-A52E006F463E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"02d52ae24f04016ae78bc082359c2c06d2d5c5ae","datavalue":{"value":"orthogonally additive equation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$CDD6AECF-0CBE-4176-80C5-717C07A26DBA","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"ee24e2525e4db123c072e0eb743ace86cb3a0063","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":588315,"id":"Q588315"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$4C001597-ED3D-41DF-8F47-61A951C8D13A","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$711CBBA6-A7CB-4E72-91E7-1A65FDB61AF4","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"f959743d68d5a76d5799f49d1f8b9b04a21568dc","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-017-0465-0","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$0DD90B03-D364-423A-91C4-BC2EE7A50446","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"d83c801dcea3a275712b1e72eeb8f053f22ddf6b","datavalue":{"value":"W2772743197","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$5EA0DD3D-E8E1-48B0-8C75-8EA45ED451AE","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"2400003f33c2a6da02a630a7dd0481f4f290f1c8","datavalue":{"value":"Q59608233","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$A227C113-BA72-4A1C-9F8A-161229ADE29F","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0969188ff293057207535fb62919b42490685f26","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3992445,"id":"Q3992445"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$95B979A6-9BD7-4DE1-9713-63775BF57853","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"24a3051e17599315be978b1d9960f4cc56924bb8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4277838,"id":"Q4277838"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$8E46C939-F65C-4F17-B0F9-867F37B2603F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4f21fd3354acba0f8ba7077e1e3ed8b4335c7e1c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1233597,"id":"Q1233597"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$92E05B14-4130-44D3-824B-FCB9B44BE940","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"22adb54bc68ffb630e50a64ebf07e018a3ad9d6e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3800923,"id":"Q3800923"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$199DCBE1-2303-4CA0-9056-70DF02A1B595","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eb75974f5522347898cef924eb62db9fb8ddb2a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3196718,"id":"Q3196718"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$8BF7D817-73A9-4CE8-BB9C-D629E5968F06","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"09483ce0099d938495cb432e098be3541d988f45","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3745126,"id":"Q3745126"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$D9252F05-1814-4355-93CA-C028467A9E86","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6aff6b94b9a4e9769010b388f920e4cb56f7caed","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5543500,"id":"Q5543500"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$3A14E390-1041-48AA-B4D7-A702A13E802D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7213de7c489aaea011da23de1b1ccbd15a6a75da","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3628803,"id":"Q3628803"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$D3100AED-FBB1-4864-BCA9-7EEA25E0AA92","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ef6fa3cf996d5be32699bf9e30c873268c28aeb1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5550532,"id":"Q5550532"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$0F20AE3D-4876-41F7-92CC-92F9D458BA15","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"770e64355c68e29d06666d349c5854e43aff9bed","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5811497,"id":"Q5811497"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$CE25DCBA-C1DF-4C27-965C-D4AA6982F1B4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a71f398600a110a49de67b79a06e05a549d8e928","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2637935,"id":"Q2637935"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$1FB688C1-31E3-4DF5-A472-2F17F91A288A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"177f0be9a0655f6caac51f9eba8c5230756bdc4a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":494876,"id":"Q494876"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$EDA6DD5D-E38D-436C-B17A-CBE26112BD07","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1bc608c23306cde732a169ee3b4d019e67b7ad81","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3029786,"id":"Q3029786"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$D5559DDC-CE11-4CAB-916F-42C72ECB018B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"339c4d972b37abccf160b8a2d3354ddf969e0296","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5431879,"id":"Q5431879"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$E7FB9FA0-A350-4D7A-9B07-AF52E465A41E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"49b53f674a5627799ecbdd1283f7ff4dcae575b6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":621332,"id":"Q621332"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$BDD4EAC1-CE65-4894-B33F-016FEE3762B7","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"28076958d0c73464c4f22f2162e1f778f16f48ac","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S11228-017-0465-0","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$C94A0470-601E-40E2-8D07-6512CCC731E8","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b1a7915d0fca06fa92eeaafcec925c6f42195acf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1990680,"id":"Q1990680"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9c9d1a3eb1a826fd2ef95c227d7239231fb95928","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8128641247749329","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2416626$8DCEEBE5-0CC9-4F22-BE24-C64044D7B476","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0cf8b492f10a8a945a77749a888dcb2334e2e551","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6132733,"id":"Q6132733"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"09e9ff63ba9b9d682ae52b3a15d1ac15e741cd0a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8124949336051941","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2416626$8189B78A-0EB5-40E4-8434-E221F90B5A9D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4dcaf6837e93aa7767ebadead66a0fdb3d9d36b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3764610,"id":"Q3764610"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"551fd033643370dd671cc5300b386a51d963f7df","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7965693473815918","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2416626$75DAD916-141C-4D3D-8DFC-193C6A03876D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4138e2c5f508f7cc36710f345cb4365d833426c1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1076260,"id":"Q1076260"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d93611b5f0fc246b4a3dc06f22bbf1e33d4a00ce","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7920593619346619","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2416626$35B9AC1D-68ED-4E52-B22F-E8481943CFAD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0051c63d04e123dee1546d51b442e7f345a5c260","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2123722,"id":"Q2123722"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6eba563672a8b3cf7588625997ee7a6d2da20f16","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7861921787261963","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2416626$0E0EA008-3B9D-4C29-9301-FD87892B557D","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2416626$6F1811E6-59DC-4758-8117-F34508DE6F12","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2416626","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2416626"}}}}}