{"entities":{"Q2428623":{"pageid":2439366,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2428623","lastrevid":73401948,"modified":"2026-04-14T15:47:45Z","type":"item","id":"Q2428623","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On extremally disconnected generalized topologies"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6028283"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$1979CF8F-2BF1-48A7-8B28-61E2DDE1FAD6","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"06a84f4f578f59b00b6e215cfd2cfea619d8739c","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On extremally disconnected generalized topologies","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$CF0C102E-294F-4092-A99A-6851EE28E8C2","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"c44fdb59f38a963702721b82674d522a96cde14f","datavalue":{"value":"1265.54020","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$3B061DBA-0413-45BF-BE53-FD5F3CFE109B","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"98f8c51081a0dca9c312759a73c36ca13bde86eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1311760,"id":"Q1311760"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$3CD22079-F1B6-4BC7-B8BD-85C74C9E7282","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"4b942190e17083b575cb45317653fe779fdb5a77","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":168571,"id":"Q168571"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$4D83B5A9-0640-43FB-98A2-DAB033D5727D","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"52b04daa1d703ea977748e4d42defef3819c2dd9","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2012-04-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$907D4209-FF3D-422A-BD24-1C29853DE5BC","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"b4cf9a4b732999c39474b64148cf590b4cb28d68","datavalue":{"value":"For a set \\(X\\), with \\(\\mathcal P(X)\\) as the power set, a subcollection \\(\\tau\\) of \\(\\mathcal P(X)\\) is said to be a generalized topology if \\(\\emptyset\\in \\tau\\) and any union of elements of \\(\\tau\\) belongs to \\(\\tau\\); for the generalized topological space \\((X,\\tau)\\), (GTS in short), members of \\(\\tau\\) are called \\(\\tau\\)-open sets and their complements are called \\(\\tau\\)-closed sets. For \\(A\\subseteq X\\), the \\(\\tau\\)-closure of \\(A\\), denoted by \\(cl(A)\\), is the intersection of \\(\\tau\\)-closed sets containing \\(A\\); in an analogous manner come the concepts of \\(\\tau\\)-interior, \\(\\tau\\)-semi-open, \\((\\tau, \\tau')\\) continuity etc; in case of \\((\\tau,\\tau')\\) continuity, for \\(f\\colon (X, \\tau ) \\to (Y, \\tau')\\) where \\(\\tau\\) and \\(\\tau'\\) are generalized topological spaces, \\(f\\) is said to be generalized continuous. A GTS \\((X,\\tau)\\) is called extremally disconnected if the \\(\\tau\\)-closure of every \\(\\tau\\)-open set is \\(\\tau\\)-open.   For a GTS \\((X,\\tau )\\) and \\(f\\colon (X,\\tau)\\to\\mathbb R\\) the concepts of generalized upper semi-continuous or g.u.s.c. (in short) (resp. generalized lower semi-continuous or g.l.s.c. in short) are defined. Some characterization theorems for extremally disconnected GTS are enunciated and proved. Different types of connected GTS's like \\(\\pi\\)-connected, \\(\\beta\\)-connected, \\(\\sigma(\\beta)\\)-connected and further, \\(\\beta\\)-irreducibility are defined, and are found to be equivalent in an extremally disconnected GTS.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$56C04DCD-2A64-4870-A44B-8B15BA989E37","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9a74b099c042ea6e846e1f740298ec70c9db4aa8","datavalue":{"value":"54A05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$2A1C5795-31CE-480E-AB1E-813AB18461DE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4f0d5addb2d30fca390d5d0949dbf8c7e9c67e06","datavalue":{"value":"54D15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$A779BFF3-A031-4723-9412-E916BA2C6F12","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"42ea46801e492058a4b1ce7a9eeaf6d7cd8d9c3e","datavalue":{"value":"54G05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$D22496B6-3FF7-4222-97D5-A21B7C9D5712","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5f5098492286adef2fb1079fc8dd8747d704c48e","datavalue":{"value":"6028283","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$4A119ACC-2882-417D-9BBB-FA868F24DAE5","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d634b808394b6ce56aeffe284d3cf7ad53dc409f","datavalue":{"value":"connectedness","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$EBD0C58F-60AF-4E6A-AFF5-6CCA75B34D34","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e96760ca2af879a58060d0db3f13281ff2da1103","datavalue":{"value":"generalized topology","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$03EF23AA-A86B-437E-A2B0-92B6BEEAF652","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"848df19fa80a2a6798dc7d0add261506b840a733","datavalue":{"value":"extremal disconnectedness","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$34DC7953-EB1E-4E74-9779-9194E283F587","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$50F43048-9E6C-433C-B475-985E031BEAFC","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"7e1cf46cec26f375bda4f86635bc7f20d17c825d","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10474-011-0153-8","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$957FA41E-8094-4FAB-B911-CCF1CC0EF7E5","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"19660b48e34b2e72fcedf5526c24b3c9090318c1","datavalue":{"value":"W2017243498","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$05CF454B-19E4-4678-995A-12724F94EF3D","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5aef8eb6178a09de4f152af3cc849b490a4df9c6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1307391,"id":"Q1307391"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$BB687761-1FCA-4198-BCE3-9BE3C58B52BB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2b7a438c35f7e035afc4f4367f6244a62adc071b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1857419,"id":"Q1857419"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$9CE2C955-5448-4BC9-98D5-C454B358F2D2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8f04328de904639e81f7d04b1b63c290b03eba04","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1878811,"id":"Q1878811"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$A7130D44-AACF-4472-AC02-2F11804ED872","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"17d22c02836e1861b8f570e64be108fad30892c6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2567426,"id":"Q2567426"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$E22695EE-1169-495B-91E1-18E583440AA1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"506eb550aa9292111cef16cd08d4d7ea36079d88","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":949874,"id":"Q949874"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$6916B857-67A2-4A52-8178-1B710E47242C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f2c58c2ac4c727931a4a345127962a1a69588caf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1046853,"id":"Q1046853"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$6FE49669-6527-4A56-A2C7-FADEB976F551","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"931d93828035dd00828d13a9fd55ee5d54460f69","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S10474-011-0153-8","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2428623$C7B3C8CB-9715-4E22-9975-6D40F8244C8E","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8f0d484f20e7c13a9569d750464b6d7056a1eb4c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3373896,"id":"Q3373896"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2298452c86b6ff5c5c7e60b5fdc6d19e4d4433b4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9885324","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$BA655E8C-B7B5-4BBA-801A-AEC56EEFB32A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9509e07c4b7965ae8176efcc98441831e0dab01c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1330400,"id":"Q1330400"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d3d8bdc362ad2e832d283cdde3d6f99ca7e260a4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9377355","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$E2904DF5-AB9E-4E51-BA75-4CA89E4FDC50","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bf58a861d22d8e8f79c7772c7b903e56787d5767","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3143717,"id":"Q3143717"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"465712bf143f07ac263d17f07e6c58abdf4b24e1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.92549264","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$03FF8B6D-9937-47A4-95E9-1840CA57B005","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5967c51647568b5eeb54b3e6de2f9b8f4eaae51d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6115264,"id":"Q6115264"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2814ce4030d985e8d430bca22dbde489ed3f737d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.92472893","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$3679B1DA-0609-4800-B37D-D74A07C332F2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ae229ec285706308deca8b56fce152503036d1d5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4459001,"id":"Q4459001"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bbf1928a7a0ee36855ac2f3b947e77e730e5aafe","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9227116","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$F92D01F1-C496-4A79-A8A0-9CB5D0E505B0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"54c09a81bd909ee750e51416b09501775648c04d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2831622,"id":"Q2831622"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5b06ab445c434842c56eaec5b23d892469a0ed67","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.92258805","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$BDCC7AB8-80A5-44EB-88CD-1E35D145BD0B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"54b9b61b5dae9224df3dc24f53b19a31d7608c5d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4734476,"id":"Q4734476"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2b0c691112ebf1ade6501dcdbe0c17fb5f4a7555","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9198241","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$447B3DF9-4E9A-479C-90CF-C4AFF1D81FD9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f3392fe55a1b5aecaba46a1216661530fcf16f90","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3450497,"id":"Q3450497"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e85ff65ea7cc04120c94679637ffb1b33c93345a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.91405267","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$B8411CF1-A994-4C04-A7B9-7D44FD48F2C3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"20a791137f508ee5e573b1f78e2a0cd332096b29","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2502961,"id":"Q2502961"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7dbcb48befadf7b88bace645d21d1d3f2a4de7e0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9137271","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$179BB97B-C7DB-4CB7-BB32-F30C656094F7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4351a2ab28b61bc98ec228cc9c2198a879bb43fd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3887682,"id":"Q3887682"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7dbcb48befadf7b88bace645d21d1d3f2a4de7e0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9137271","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2428623$DE3769F6-9E7A-4582-A5C8-AB2B1EF2BD84","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On extremally disconnected generalized topologies","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/On_extremally_disconnected_generalized_topologies"}}}}}